社会资本：理论争辩与经验研究

20(Portes,1998:1)(Bourdieu,1986:248)(accessto)(Portes,1998:4)(Bourdieu,1990:109)(Bourdieu,1986:249-251)(Bourdieu,1986:241252)(Coleman,1990:302)(Coleman,1988:98,1990:302)Coleman,1988,199012Coleman,199012(1)(2)(3)(Portes,1998:5-60)(Brown,1999)(Coleman,1990:304-305)(embeddedness)(Portes,1995:12-13)(M.Granovetter)(1985)(ego-center)(boundedsolidarity)(Portes,1995:14-50)(Brown,1999)D.D.(Putnam,1993:35-36)(Putnam,1993,1995a)(civicness)1960-90(Putnam,1995a,1995b)1960-70(Skocpol,1996)(Portes,1998)(Burt,1992:9)(Burt,1992)(Burt,1992,1993:65-103,1998a,1998b)(1)(2)(3)(4)(contact)(1998b)(1998b,2001:31-56)(Lin,1999a:35)Bourdieu,1986;Burt,1992;Coleman,1988,1990;Erickson,1996;Flap,1991:Lin,1982;Portes,1998;Putnam,1993,1995a(Lin,1999a:30-31;2001:19-20)(1999a)(1)(2)(3)(Lin,1986,1990,1992)(Portes,1998)(Lin,1986:17-30,1990)(Lin,1999a,2001a)Lin,1999,20012001(unintendedoutcome)(Lin,Simeone,Ensel&Kuo,1979;Lin,Dean&Ensel,1986;Lin&Ensel,1989;Lin&Lai,1995;Lin&Peek,1999:241-258)Laumann,1973;Fischer,1982;Wellman,1979,1982:61-80,1988:19-61;Wellman&Wortley,1990;Wellman&Potter,1999:49-82(Lin,1999a,2001)(1)(2)2001(H.D.Flap)(1)(2)(1986)(1988,1990)(1993,1995a)H.(Brown,1999;Turner,1999)(1999)(theembeddedegoperspective)(Burt,1992,1993)Knote,1999;Podolny&Castellucci,1999:431-445;Uzzi&Gillespie,1999:446-459(embeddedstructureperspective,Brown1999)(Brown,1999)(Zelizer,1988:629)(Zukin&DiMaggio,1990:17)(Brown,1999)WorldBank,1993;Woolcoke,1998:Jordana,1999:45-72;Turner,1999(1)(2)(Bourdieu,1986:248)Coleman,199012(1992)(1973,1974)4(Bian,1994,1997,1999:255-278)(1992)[betweenness](Lin,1999a,2001)(Lin,1982)(1)[range](2)[upperreachability](3)(extensity)(4)[composition,averageortypicalresources](contacts)Lin&Dumin,19862001;Lin,Fu&Hsung,2001(Lin,1999a)(2001)1997(convergentvalidation)(discriminantvalidation)(Hanganet.al.,1995,1996;Zhou&Bankston1996:197-220)(Hao1994;McLandahan&Sandefur1994)(Lin1982,1990,1999a,2001)(Laumann1973;Wellman1979,1982,Fischer1982;Wellman&Potter1999)(Light&Bonacich1988;Zhou1992;Sanders&Nee1996;Sassen1995)(WorldBank1993;Woolcock1998)(Portes,1998:15-8;Portes&Sensenbrenner,1998:139-145)(Portes,1998:21)(structuralbarriers)(Woolcock,1998)(Portes,1998)(Lin,Cook&Burt,2001)1999119992200123Bian,Yanjie1994,WorkandInequalityinUrbanChina,Albany,NewYork:StateUniversityofNewYorkPress.41997,BringingStrongTiesBackIn:IndirectTies,NetworkBridges,andJobSearchesinChina.AmericanSociologicalReview62.51999,GettingAJobthroughaWebofGuanxiinChina.inNetworksinGlobalVillage,(ed.)byBarryWellman,Boulder,Co.:Westview.6Bourdieu,Pierre1986,TheFormsofSocialCapital.inHandbookofTheoryandResearchfortheSociologyofEducation,(ed.)byJohnG.Richardson,Westport,CT.:GreenwoodPress.71990,TheLogicofPractice,Cambridge:PolityPress;Stanford:StanfordUniversityPress.8Brown,TomasFord1999,TheoreticalSummaryofSocialCapital.Workingpaper,UniversityofWisconsin.9Burt,RonaldS.1992,StructuralHoles:TheSocialStructureofCompetition,Cambridge,MA:HarvardUniversityPress.101993,TheSocialStructureofCompetition.inExplorationsinEconomicSociology,(ed.)byRichardSwedberg,NewYork:RussellSageFoundatio.111998a,TheGenderofSocialCapital.RationalityandSociety10(1).121998b,TheNetworkStructureofSocialCapital.Paperpresentedattheconferenceonsocialnetworksandsocialcapital,DukeUniversity,October31-November2.132001,StructuralHolesversusNetworkClosureasSocialCapital.inSocialCapital:TheoryandResearch,(ed.)byNanLin,KarenCook,&RonaldS.Burt,NewYork:AldineDeGruyter.14Coleman,JamesS.1988,SocialCapitalintheCreationofHumanCapital.AmericanJournalofSociology94(Supplement).151990,TheFoundationsofSocialTheory,Cambridge,MA:BelknapPressofHarvardUniversityPress.16Erickson,BonnieH.1996,Culture,ClassandConnections.AmericanJournalofSociology102(2).17Fischer,ClaudeS.1982,ToDwellAmongFriends:PersonalNetworksinTownandCity,Chicago:UniversityofChicagoPress.18Flap,HendrikD.1991,SocialCapitalintheProductionofInequality.ComparativeSociologyofFamily,HealthandEducation20.19Granovetter,Mark1973,TheStrengthofWeakTies.AmericanJournalofSociology78.201985,EconomicActionandSocialStructure:TheProblemofEmbeddedness.AmericanJournalofSociology91.211995/1974,GettingAJob:AStudyofContactsandCareers(Edition),Chicago:UniversityofChicagoPress.22Hagan,J.,Merkens,H.&K.Boenhke1995,DelinquencyandDisdain:SocialCapitalandtheControlofRight-wingExtremismamongEastandWestBerlinYouth.AmericanJournalofSociology100.23Hagan,J.,Macmillan,R.&B.Whearon1996,NewkidinTown:SocialCapitalandtheLifeCourseEffectsofFamilyMigrationinChildren.AmericanSociologicalReview61.24Hao,L.1994,KinSupport,Welfare,andOutofWedlockMothers,NewYork:Carland.25Jordana,Janict1999,CollectiveActionTheoryandtheAnalysisofSocialCapital.inSocialCapitalandEuropeanDemocracy,(eds.)byJanW.vanDeth,MarcoMaraffi,KenNewton,&PaulF.Whiteley,LondonandNewYork:Routledge.26Knoke,David1999,OrganizationalNetworksandCorporateSocialCapital.inCorporateSocialCapitalandLiability,(ed.)byRogerTh.A.J.Leenders&ShaulM.Gabbay,Boston/Dordrecht/London:KluwerAcademicPublishers.27Laumann,EdwardO.1973,BondsofPluralism:TheFormandSubstanceofUrbanSoci