英语The-infinitive不定式课件-优质课件

本节课重点提要•1.不定式的基本形式和否定形式•2.不定式的时态和语态•3.不定式的基本用法•4.不带to的不定式•Theyadvisedmetogiveupsmoking.•Hepromisedtotakecareofthepoorchild.•Iwarnthemnottogooutalone.•Shedecidednottobelateagain.不定式的基本形式是由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是nottodo.Step1基本形式和否定形式请看例句：•Theyinvitedustogotherethissummer.•Theyseemedtobetalkingaboutsomethingsecret.•I’msorrytohavedonethat.Step2(1)不定式的一般形式所表示的动作，通常与谓语的动作（状态）同时发生.Eg.Theyinvitedustogotherethissummer.(2)如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行，这时不定式就要用进行式。Eg.Theyseemedtobetalkingaboutsomethingsecret.(3)如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就要用完成式。Eg.I’msorrytohavedonethat.不定式的时态和语态•I’mverydelightedtobeinvitedtoMary’sbirthdayparty.•I’mpleasedtohavebeengiventhischance.如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式要用被动形式.语态时态主动语态被动语态一般时todotobedone进行时tobedoing无完成时tohavedonetohavebeendone小结Step3不定式的用法(1)作主语eg.1)Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.不定式短语作主语时，用it作形式主语，真正的主语后置。(2)作宾语不定式短语可以作宾语，以下动词后，跟不定式作宾语eg.1)Hewantedtogo.agree,decide,expect,fail,help,hope,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish▲(构成V.+todo的形式)•Ifinditinterestingtoworkwithhim.•如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语。类似的动词还有()等▲(构成主语+V.+it+宾补+todosth.的形式)feel,think,consider,make,believe(3)作宾语补足语eg.Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim.①在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。Eg.Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.Heisoftenheardtosingthesong.注意allow,ask,advise,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,wouldlike,order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wish▲(构成“V.+Sb.+todo”的形式)②不定式动词在介词but,except,besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to,否则要带to。Eg.1)Shecoulddonothingbutcry.2)Ihavenochoicebuttogo.注意(4)作定语Eg.Ihavesomebooksforyoutoread.①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面须有相应的介词。Eg.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith.注意(5)作状语,表示目的、原因、结果Eg.Icameheretoseeyou.Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews.Hehurriedtotheschooltofindnobodythere.(目的)(原因)(结果)目的状语还可以用inorderto或soasto来表示。Eg.1)Inordertopasstheexam,heworkedveryhard.2)Weranallthewaysoasnottobelate.(6)作表语。Eg.Myjobistohelpthepatient.动词不定式省略to的情况归纳*1当动词不定式作宾语补足语时，如动词是make,let,have或lookat,see,watch,observe,hear,listento,feel、等，不定式不带to.*2.在下列结构后hadbetter,wouldrather,wouldrather…than,cannotbut（不得不，必然，不能不）,can’thelpbut等*3.whynot…表建议*4.在介词but,except之后，如果其前有实义动词do的某种形式，不定式不带to,反之须带to.Step4ExerciseP9GroupA…GroupB….1.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier________itmoredifficult.(MET99)A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake2.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat______inmynewjob.(MET2000)A.ExpectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects3.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouplesbutitremains______whethertheywillenjoyit.(MET2001)A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seenPractice:4.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_____thefirstcomputer.(MET1993)A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented5.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_______tocarryallthewayhome.(MET2003)A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuch6.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim______.(MET95)A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto7.LittleJimshouldlove_____tothetheatrethisevening.(MET92)A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking8.Therearefivepairs___,butI'matalosswhichtobuy.(1999上海高考)A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosing9.____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.(2001年北京春季高考)A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep10.Withalotofdifficultproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(2002年上海春季高考)A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled11.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole___inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.(2003上海春季高考)A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying12.Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystateruncompaniesaretrying___theirproductsmorecompetitive.(2002上海春季高考)A.tomakeB.makingC.tohavemadeD.havingmade13.Theteacheraskedus___somuchnoise.(2003北京春季高考)A.don'tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomakeHomework:•1.背诵并默写不定式时态和语态的表格。•2.看例句，复习笔记要点。•3.课课练P15period5