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英语常用量词在英语中,有很多量词词组,例如:agroupof,aflockof,abunchof,abundleof等等。为了方便广大英语学习者更好地掌握,本文对量词词组粗略地归纳了以下的特点,具体表现为:特点一:英语量词词组所表示的数或量,大致可归纳为四种类型,即定量、不定量、大量和少量。1.表示定量的量词词组,譬如:acoupleof(两个、一对)—acoupleofdays,acoupleofplayers,acoupleoftimesacupfulof(一满杯)—acupfulofjelly,acupfulofwateraportionof(一份/客)—aportionofduck,aportionofroastbeef2.表示不定量的量词词组,譬如:amajorityof(大多数/大半)—amajorityofopinions,amajorityofvotesanatomof(一点)—anatomoffood,anatomoftruthaspellof(一阵/一段时间)—aspelloffineweather,aspellofcoughing3.表示大量的量词词组,譬如:afloodof—afloodofink(洋洋大篇),afloodoftears(泪如泉涌)aheapof—aheapofearth(一堆泥土),aheapofcustomers(许多顾客)amountainof—amountainofdebts(债台高筑),amountainofdifficulties(困难重重)4.表示少量的量词词组,譬如:adropof—adropoffever(有点热度),adropofdew(一点露水)aparticleof—aparticleoffeeling(一丝感情),aparticleofdust(一点灰尘)ashadowof—ashadowofdoubt(一点怀疑),ashadowoffreedom(一点自由)特点二:有些数量词组修饰可数名词,有些数量词组修饰不可数名词,还有些则两者均可修饰。1.修饰不可数名词的量词词组,譬如:abitof—abitofEnglish(一点英语),abitofgoodadvice(一些好意见),abitofinterest(一点兴趣)ashredof—ashredofevidence(一点证据),ashredofcloth(少量布),ashredofreputation(一点声誉)asheetof—asheetofglass(一块玻璃),asheetofwater(一片汪洋)2.修饰可数名词的量词词组,譬如:aclusterof—aclusterofflowers(一簇花),aclusterofspectators(一群观众),aclusterofbrightstars(闪烁群星)astringof—astringofpearls(一串珠子),astringofcurses(连续不断的咒骂),astringofexcuses(一连串借口)ascramof—ascramofmosquitoes(一群蚊子),ascramofgeese(一群鹅),ascramofchildren(一群孩子)3.修饰(不)可数名词的量词词组,譬如:abodyof—abodyofbees(一群蜜蜂),abodyofcoldair(一股冷空气),abodyoffacts(许多事实)ablockof—ablockofice(一大块冰),ablockofflats(一幢公寓),ablockofhouses(一排房子)achainof—achainofideas(一系列想法),achainofaccidents(一连串事故),achainofproof(一连串证据)特点三:有些数量词组的搭配是固定的,而有些搭配则比较灵活。1.搭配固定的量词词组,譬如:abarrelof—abarrelofbeer(一桶啤酒),abarrelofcrudeoil(一桶原油)abasketof—abasketofeggs(一篮鸡蛋),abasketofapples(一篮苹果)alineof—alineoftrees(一行树),alineofpoetry(一行诗)2.搭配较灵活的量词词组,譬如:apieceof—apieceofpaper(一张纸),apieceoffurniture(一件家具),apieceofequipment(一台设备)aroundof—aroundofspirit(一巡酒),aroundofdiplomatictalks(一轮外交谈判),aroundoftoast(一片烤面包)abarof—abarofchocolate(一块巧克力),abarofsoap(一条肥皂),abaroflight(一束光)一些常见的量词及搭配:1.一般性的表示个数的量词:这一组中主要有piece,bit,item,article等词,但piece具有独特的地位,在使用其他词的地方一般都可使用piece代替之.比如:piece:apieceofmeat/paper/bread/music/information/furniture/machinery,etc.一片肉/一张纸/一片面包/一首曲子/一条信息/一件家具/一台机器等bit:abitofnews/wood/advice/trouble,etc.一条消息/一块木头/一条建议/一件麻烦事等item:anitemofnews/crime/program/business,etc.一条新闻/一宗罪行/一个项目/一笔生意等article:anarticleofexport/furniture/clothing/luggage,etc.一宗出口/一件家具/一件衣服/一件行李等2.以形状表示个数的量词:bar:abarofchocolate/candy一块巧克力/一块糖bunch:abunchofflowers/grapes/keys一束花/一串葡萄/一串钥匙cake:acakeofsoap/ice一块肥皂/一块冰cluster:aclusterofstars/flowers/animals一群星/一束花/一群动物comb:acombofbananas一串香蕉drop:adropofrain/blood一滴雨/一滴血ear:anearofcorn/wheat一棒玉米/一穗麦子flight:aflightofstairs/arrows/sparrows一段楼梯/一阵箭雨/一群麻雀flock:aflockofworkmen/criminals/boys一群工人/一伙罪犯/一群男孩head:aheadofcabbage/cauliflower/sheep一头卷心菜/一块花菜/一头羊lump:alumpofsugar/coal/clay一块糖/一块煤/一块土spiral:aspiralofmosquitoincense一盘蚊香slice:asliceofmeat/bread/beef一片肉/一片面包/一块牛肉swarm:aswarmofbees一群蜜蜂bevy:abevyofbeauties/girls/ladies一群美人/一群女孩/一群女士gathering:agatheringoffriends一帮朋友clump:aclumpoftrees一丛树林pack:apackofrascals/wolves一群**/一群狼3.表示容积的词:bottle:abottleofink/milk/wine一瓶酒/一瓶牛奶/一瓶葡萄酒bowl:abowlofrice/porridge一碗米饭/一碗粥pail:apailofwater一桶水glass:aglassofbeer一杯啤酒cup:acupoftea一杯茶handful:ahandfulofsoil一抔土spoonful:aspoonfulofoil一汤匙油mouthful:amouthfulofsnow一口雪truckload:atruckloadofsteel一卡车钢材apacket:ofcigarette一包烟4.表示行为动态的量词:fit:afitoflaughter一阵笑声peal:apealofthunder一阵雷声flash:aflashoflight一道闪电display:adisplayofforce一番武力展示
本文标题:英语常用量词
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