八种状语从句知识点自己整理练习题及答案

英语语法专项之状语从句1.时间状语从句2.条件状语从句3.原因状语从句4.结果状语从句5.比较状语从句6.目的状语从句7.让步状语从句8.地点状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表：时间when,while,as,assoonas,since,until,after,before，aslongas（长达……之久）条件If,unless,as/solongas(只要)原因As,because,since，as/solongas(既然,因为)地点Where目的Sothat(为了),inorderthat结果Sothat（方便）,so…that,such…that让步though,although,evenif,however方式As比较than,(not)as…as1.时间状语从句时间状语从句常见的从属连词有：(注意其汉语意义)when,while,as,before,after,since,until(till)onceassoonas,themoment,theminute,immediately,directly,each/everytime,thefirsttime,thelasttime,nexttime,bythetime,whenever等。例如：Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometomyhelp.IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeImether.注意：（1）when,while,as的区别：1)when引导从句时，主从句的动作有先有后，也可以同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。如：WhenIgottotheairport,theplanehadalreadytakenoff.（主先从后）（短暂性）WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseasideonSundays.(同时)（持续性）Whenthemovieended,thepeoplewentback.（从先主后）2)while侧重主从句动作的对比，且从句的动词必须是持续性的。如：Whilewewerechattingshewaslookingatthetimetableonthewall．3)as引导从句时侧重主从句动作同时或几乎同时进行，从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。如：SometimesIwatchTVasIamhavingbreakfast．4）when和while还可以是并列连词，意思分别是“就在这时”，“然而”。如：Iwashavingarestonthesofawhenthetelephonerang．Theyweresurprisedthatachildshouldworkouttheproblemwhiletheycouldn’t.注：并列连词when常用与以下句型中：①…was/weredoing…when…（正在做…突然）②…was/wereabouttodo…when…（刚要做…突然）③…was/wereonthepointofdoing…when…(刚要做…突然)④…hadjustdone…when….(刚一…就)⑤Hardly/Scarcelyhad…done…when…(刚一…就)(2)before引导从句时,词义非常灵活，注意下列句子中的before的词义：1.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,thetailorhadmeasuredme.(还没来得及…就)2.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.(还没…就)3.Wehadsailed4daysbeforewesawland.(…才…)4.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.(趁还…没就)(3)till(until)和not…till(until)1）till(until):主句谓语动词必须是持续性的，意思是“到…为止“如：Heremainedtheretill/untilshearrived.2）not…till(until)…:主句谓语动词必须是短暂性的，意思是“直到…才”如：Shewon’tgotobedtill/untilhereturnshome.3）not…until还有强调式和倒装式：强调句：Itisnotuntilhereturnshomethatshewillgotobed.倒装句：Notuntilhereturnshomewillshegotobed.(4)几个极易混淆的时间状语从句：1）Itwas+时间点+when…（当的时候时间是）Itwas5amwhenwearrivedatthevillage.2）Itwas/willbe+时间段+before…(没过…就／过了…才)Itwas/willbetwoweeksbeforewemet/meetagain.3）Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since…（自从…以来有…）Itis/hasbeen3yearssincewelastmet.突破点：一看be动词的时态，二看时间段还是时间点。注意：在“Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since…”句型中，从句的动词必须是短暂性的，如果是延续性的动词，时间要从从句的动作结束时算起。如：Itis3yearssinceIsmoked.(我戒烟有三年了)补充：assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely….when….和once这些从属连接词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一…就…”。从句中一般时态代替将来时态。everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当…..，每次…..；下次……”等。1.Itwasquiet________thosebigtrucksstartedcomingthroughthetown.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.unless2.Itseemedonlyseconds________theboyfinishedwashinghisface.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.evenif3.Hardlyhadhereachedtheschoolgate________thebellrang.A.whileB.whenC.asD.assoonas4.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad_____wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.A.wheneverB.untilC.whileD.wherever5.Irecognizedyou________Isawyouattheairport.A.themomentB.whileC.afterD.once6.Hewasabouttogotobed________thedoorbellrang.A.whileB.asC.beforeD.when7.________Ilistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.A.EverytimeB.WhenC.WhileD.Until8._____JohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.A.AsB.AssoonasC.WhileD.Till9.Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果园)______theysawtheguard.A.themomentB.afterC.beforeD.as10.NosoonerhadIarrivedhome_____itbegantorain.A.whenB.whileC.asD.than11.Severalweekshadgoneby_____Irealizedthepaintingwasmissing.A.asB.beforeC.sinceD.when12.It_____longbeforewe____theresultoftheexperiment.A.willnotbe;willknowB.is;willknowC.willnotbeknowD.is;know13.–Whatwasthepartylike?--Wonderful.It’syears_____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since14.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe_____.A.willarriveB.arrivesC.isgoingtoarriveD.isarriving15._____gotintotheroom_____thetelephonerang.A.Hehardlyhad;thenB.Hardlyhadhe;whenC.Hehadnot;thenD.Nothadhe;when16.Nosoonerhadhefinishedhistalk_____hewassurroundedbytheworkers.A.asB.thenC.thanD.when17.–DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?--Yes,Igaveittoher_____Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once18.Ithoughtherniceandhonest_____Imether.A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime19.HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehe_____fromtheuniversitynextyear.A.willgraduateB.willhavegraduatedC.graduatesD.istograduate20.Themomentthe28thOlympicGames_____open,thewholeworldcheered.A.declaredB.havebeendeclaredC.havedeclaredD.weredeclared答案：CBBBADACADBCDBBCBCCD2.条件状语从句条件状语从句引导词：if(如果),unless(除非),incase(以防)时态：主将从现(可能会发生的事情)主现从现(肯定会发生/祈使句)1.if引导的条件状语从句，可位于前面或后面，但是如果放在后面，主从句用逗号隔开。引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如：Ifyouaskhim，hewillhelpyou．如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。Ifyoufailintheexam，youwilllethimdown．如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。Ifyouhavefinishedthehomework，youcangohome．如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。如：IfIwereyou，Iwouldinvitehimtotheparty．如果我是你，我会邀请