Parallel-structure

Parallelism13级英语3班主讲人：李冬庆钟倩Welcome!!Parallelstructure+Parallelismisarhetoricaldevice,whichreferstoputtingtwoormoreelements(words,phrasesclausesandsentences)togetherinordertoachieveanaccumulatedeffect.Itcanalsomaketheexpressionclear,logicalrhythmicalandemotional.平行结构Typesofparallelstructure+1.Bywords(单词平行)+Theletter,short,cold,sharp-tongued,wasunexpected.这封简短、冷淡、挖苦的信，是出乎意外的。+2.Byphrases（短语平行）+Studiesservefordelight,forornamentandforability.读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。+3.Byclauses(从句平行)+Whatwesayandwhatwedosomehowseemoutofjoint.不知怎的，我们所说的和我们所做的似乎有些脱节。4.Bysentences(句子平行)+Weshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair.我们将在陆地上与他作战；我们将在海上与他作战；我们将在天空中与他作战。+Icame,Isaw,Iconquered.(JuliusCaesar)我来了,我看到了,我征服了。Faultyparallelisma.ShehopestospendthisholidayeitherinShanghaiorinSuzhou.b.Showingsincerityandkeepingpromises/Toshowandtokeeppromisesarethebasicrequirementsofarealfriend.c.Iwanttoknowhowbigthishouseisandwhenitwasbuilt.d.Inthepasttenyears,Mr.Weirhasbeenawaiter,atourguide,andateacherofEnglish.+Inparallelism,theparallelelementsmustbelongtothesamegrammaticalcategory.+Ifyouintroducetwoelementsfromdifferentgrammaticalcategoriesinoneparallelstructure,youmakethemistakeoffaultyparallelism.Rulesofparallelstructure+Samegrammaticalstructure(结构相同)+Samemeaning(意义并重)+Samemood(语气一致)排比In作文1.用在从句开头(这是演讲的第一段):IfthereisanyoneouttherewhostilldoubtsthatAmericaisaplacewhereallthingsarepossible,whostillwondersifthedreamofourfoundersisaliveinourtime,whostillquestionsthepowerofourdemocracy（民主）,tonightisyouranswer.2.用在段首:It‘stheanswertoldbylinesthat……It'stheanswerspokenbyyoungandold,richandpoor,DemocratandRepublican,black,white…that…It'stheanswerthat……3.用在谓语中:Evenaswestandheretonight,weknowtherearebraveAmericans…Therearemothersandfathers…..thereare……4.用在介词短语中:Andtoallthosewatchingtonight…tothosewhoarehuddled……Tothosewhowouldtear……Tothosewhoseekpeaceandsecurity....AndtoallthosewhohavewonderedifAmerica'sbeaconstillburnsasbright5.用在段末Andtonight,Ithinkaboutallthatshe'sseenthroughouthercenturyinAmerica-theheartacheandthehope;thestruggleandtheprogress;thetimesweweretoldthatwecan't,andthepeoplewhopressedonwiththatAmericancreed:Yeswecan……Yeswecan……Yeswecan……EXERCISETranslationStudiesservefordelight,forornament（装饰）,andforability.2.我再三推托，手无足措，支支吾吾，像一个傻子Iamstruggling,fumbling(笨拙的，支支吾吾的）,mumbling（喃喃自语的）likeafool.3.视线里景物不是芬然杂呈，只有一座山、一棵树或是一个人。Thereisnoconfusionofobjectsintheeye,butonehilloronetreeoroneman.1.读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。Multiple-choicetest1.whatonecanseeand____aretwodifferentthings.A.whatisdoingB.whatcanonedoC.whatonecandoD.whatshouldonedoC2.Thenewlawcanprotectthewaterfrombeingpollutedand____A.theanimalsfromkillingB.theanimalscannotbekilledC.theanimalsfromkilledD.theanimalsbeingkilledD3.Eitheryoucontrolthem____A.ortobecontrolledbythemB.orbeingcontrolledbythemC.orareyoucontrolledbythemD.oryouarecontrolledbythemD4.Pleasebuyme___dictionarythatyoumaycomeacrossduringyourstayinBeijing.A.thesmaller,morerecentlypublished,andlessexpensiveB.thesmaller,mostrecentlypublished,andlessexpensiveC.thesmallest,mostrecentlypublished,andleastexpensiveD.thesmallest,mostrecentlypublished,andlessexpensiveC1.UThisismyfavoritebeer.2.UMyfirstEnglishteacherstayedinBritainforfiveyears.3.PTakingawalkaloneorchattingwithafriendoverthephonecangreatlyrelaxyourtension.4.UChinahasalargepopulation.5.U,PLearningtospeakEnglishandusecomputerisimportantforfindingagoodjobinthefuture.6.UPracticelikedrawingeggscanlayasolidfoundationforanartist.7.P去掉having8.UIbelieveDr.Schmidtisyourbestchoiceforthiscomingelection.9.PForthispaper,youmustchooseatopicthatisbothinterestinganhelpfulThankyou!