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南非锰矿Resources in South Africa南非的自然资源Rich in mineral resources矿产资源丰富Platinum Minerals Group‐Ranked 1铂族矿物‐储量世界排名第一Manganese‐Ranked 1Chrome铬‐Ranked 1Vanadium钒‐Ranked 1Gold金‐Ranked 2Titanium钛‐Ranked 2Manganese in South Africa南非的锰矿Contains between 85 and 92% of the world’s high grade manganese ore reserves.拥有世界高品位锰矿85%到90%的储量The manganese deposit in the Kalahari basin is the biggest mineral deposit in the world know to man.卡拉哈里盆地的锰矿是迄今为止地球上所有矿藏中最大的At current production levels, enough reserves for the next 5000 years.按照目前的生产水平,南非的储量将能够满足未来5000年的需求Manganese ‐South African Operations 南非锰矿业的经营状况Hotazel约翰内斯堡JohannesburgSaldanhaBay沙丹那湾/萨尔达尼亚湾PortElizabeth±.900km.±.1050km.AFRICARSAWessels韦瑟尔斯矿山Mamatwan马马特旺矿山LEGENDTownsMines矿区PortsMnField锰矿床Railwaylines锰合金厂Smelters:•Metalloys必和必拓的•CatoRidge阿斯芒的•Transalloys南非Highveld钢及钒业公司Meyerton梅耶敦Durban德班..+-700kmNchwaning恩奇万宁矿山Gloria格洛丽亚锰矿矿山..Mines(UMK)南非卡拉哈里联合锰业(Hotazel)霍塔泽尔地区RSA Manganese operations are at a logistical disadvantage, both globally and within RSA南非矿山不管是在全球还是南非国内都存在运输的不利因素Manganese in the dessert沙漠中的锰矿Port Elizabeth MnExport Terminal锰矿的出口码头:伊丽莎白港South Africa霍塔泽尔地区及两个港Typical Ore Qualities –Two Different types南非锰矿的质量‐主要有两种类型High grade oxide ores: 42‐48% Mn, +/‐15% Fe高品位氧化锰矿:锰含量达42‐48%,有些含15%的铁,有些则不含铁Medium grade carbonaceous ores: 36 –38% Mn, 4 –6% Fe中品位碳质锰矿:锰含量达36‐38%,铁含量达4‐6%Carbonaceous Ore Uses碳质锰矿的用途Ore has high loss on ignition (LOI)碳质矿石的燃烧损失量高Hence good for sintering因此适合于生产烧结矿Samancorand Assmangore are sintered.萨曼科和阿斯芒两家公司出产的锰矿都是烧结矿南非萨曼科锰业公司‐合金生产商;阿斯芒锰合金公司‐南非铁矿石生产商UMK ore used as is locally and for exports卡拉哈里联合锰业出产的锰矿既用于本地生产也用于出口Existing Mines –Port Elizabeth Access通过伊丽莎白港出口的现有矿产资源UMK(Carbonaceous ore)卡拉哈里联合锰业碳质矿石Samancor: Wessels(OxideOre)萨曼科公司:韦瑟尔斯矿山出产氧化矿Assmang: Ncwaneng(OxideOre)阿斯芒公司:恩奇万宁矿山出产氧化矿Samancor: Mamatwan(Carbonaceous Ore)萨曼科公司:马马特旺矿山出产碳质矿Assmang:Gloria (Carbonaceous ore)阿斯芒公司:格罗利亚矿山出产碳质矿Sinter Plant先运送到烧结工厂进行烧结,再运输到港口出口Existing Producers现有的锰矿石生产商United Manganese of Kalahari (UMK) –Carbonaceous type ore1.卡拉哈里联合锰矿公司‐主要生产碳质类锰矿BHPBilliton–WesselsMine: High grade oxide ore. Mamatwan–carbonaceous ore2.必和必拓(BHP Billiton Ltd.)‐拥有韦瑟尔斯矿山,主要出产高品位氧化矿马马特旺矿山‐出产碳质矿Assmang–Ncwaneng: High grade oxide ore. Gloria –carbonaceous type ore3. 阿斯芒锰合金公司–拥有恩奇万宁矿山,生产高品位氧化矿;格罗利亚矿山–生产碳质类锰矿The New Players新的生产企业Kalagadi;南非卡拉加迪锰业公司AML;非洲矿业公司Tshipe;Aquila;And many others.Rich in Mineral Resources but limited in infrastructure南非的矿产资源丰富,但是基础设施薄弱One dedicated manganese export terminal at Port Elizabeth伊丽莎白港是一个锰矿出口的专用码头+1000km from mines距离矿区1000多公里Limited capacity.港口吞吐量有限Currently operating at 4.4 million tons per year.现在每年的吞吐能力为440万吨Capacity beyond 6 million tons doubtful.吞吐能力是否能突破600万值得怀疑Only three producers have access to this port只有三个锰矿生产商有使用这一港口的权利Infrastructural Expansion possibilities扩大基础设施的可能性Port Elizabeth –Environmental constraints1. 伊丽莎白港–由于环境受限,进一步扩大基础设施不太可能Saldanha–Dedicated iron ore export terminal. Accommodating another mineral highly complex and expensive2.沙丹那港‐铁矿石出口的专用码头,因此如果再用于出口另一种矿产操作上将会变得复杂且成本比较高Kouga–Capital intensive. $1 ‐$2bn3. 库加港–投资成本高,投资额高达10‐20亿美元Who will fund expansion?谁能够为基础设施的扩大提供资金呢?卡拉哈里联合锰矿公司Resources –UMK UMK所拥有的矿产资源Resource of 282 million tons from 361 exploration boreholes on farms Smart, Rissik, Botha 在Smart, Rissik, Botha 三个农场中的361个钻孔中发现资源量为2.82亿吨Farms Roldraai, Heuningdraai, ….to be explored还有Roldraai, Heuningdraai等其它农场将进行勘测ResourceCategory矿产类型Tonnage(milliont)Mn%Fe%SiO2%二氧化硅silica/silicondioxideMeasured确定储量/蕴藏量42.1(4210万)36.346.817.71Indicated指示蕴藏量/储量140.9(1亿4090万)34.906.126.00Inferred推定蕴藏量/储量99.0(9900万)34.685.846.14Total282.0(2亿8200万)35.046.126.31Location 地理位置Mamatwan马马特旺矿山UMK mine site UMK矿区位置Rail,Roadand water access便利的铁路、公路和供水系统Ore Quality UMK矿石品质ROMManganesecontent38%Fe(iron)contentTypically一般5-7%SiO2(silicondioxide)Typically6-11%Phosphoruscontent磷含量Sulphur硫磺0,01%0.02%CaO(calciumoxide)氧化钙Typically6-14%Manganese types锰矿类型Broadly speaking two types of manganese ore are found in South Africa:南非主要由两种锰矿High grade oxide ores (42 –48% Mn, 10 ‐15% Fe)Medium grade carbonaceous ores (38% Mn, 5‐6% Fe)高品位氧化锰矿:锰含量达42‐48%,含10‐15%的铁;中品位碳质锰矿:锰含量达38%,铁含量达5‐6%Centralminingdistrict:Pulverizingfield;Terracefieldpreparedfornextexplosion;sand&soilclearedfornextexplosionThe new producers新生产企业Kalagadi;南非卡拉加迪锰业公司AML;非洲矿业公司Thsipe–OpencastAquila ResourcesAnd many moreThe Silo under constructionRailway for carrying the ore¾Currently consuming 7‐8 t ore/t EMM due to 30% decrease in grade since 2002 由于自2002年以来品位下降30%,目前生产每吨电解锰需消耗7-8吨锰矿¾Rate of decrease is in the order of 0.5% Mnper year¾每年品位下降0.5%¾Currently in the order of 15‐16% Mn目前品位15-16%¾Acid consumption could increases by similar rate as grade decreases¾酸耗随锰矿品位下降以同样的速度增长¾Transport and milling cost will also increase as will the requirement for waste disposal space运输和磨粉成本增加,对废渣的处理要求也会越来越高China’s domestic MnCO3 ore grade is declining中国国产碳酸锰矿品位正在下降耗酸量锰品位High grade Mnore ‐Process Aspects高品位锰矿‐处理特点•Advantages:–Lower acid consumption (price of acid volatile)酸耗低(避免因硫酸价格浮动
本文标题:南非锰矿
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