新视野大学英语第三版第四册第四单元sectionA

FOREIGHLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSAIRFORCEENGINEERINGUNIVERTISY4AchievingsustainableenvironmentalismUnit4SectionAFOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSAIRFORCEENGINEERINGUNIVERSITYEarthprovidesenoughtosatisfyeveryman’sneed,butnoteveryman’sgreed.—MahatmaGandhiAnationthatdestroysitssoilsdestroysitself.Forestsarethelungsofourland,purifyingtheairandgivingfreshstrengthtoourpeople.—FranklinDelanoRoosevelt44UNITNature:ToworshiportoconquerSectionA44UNITAchievingsustainableenvironmentalismObjectivesTotalkaboutenvironmentalissuesTofullyunderstandthetextToapplythephrasesandpatternsTomastertheargumentativeessaywritingskillNature:ToworshiportoconquerListenandTalkPre-readingActivitiesListentoapassageaboutWorldEnvironmentDayandthendecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).1.WorldEnvironmentDayfallsonJune5everyyear.2.SanFranciscoisthesecondcityintheUnitedStatesthathasheldeventstocelebrateWorldEnvironmentDay.3.ThemainmessageofWorldEnvironmentDaythisyearis“PlanforOurCities”.4.Citiesusemorethan57percentoftheworld’snaturalresources.5.Theeventsheldthisyearincludenotonlyspeechesfromfamouspersons,butalsofunactivitiessuchasconcerts,parades,etc.TFFFTListentothepassageagain.Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1.Whatisyourunderstandingofa“greencity”?2.Tobuildagreencity,besidesthemeasuresgiveninthepassagesuchasbuildingmorehealthyparksandreducingpollution,whatothermeasurescanyouthinkof?Pre-readingActivitiesListenandTalk1.Whatisyourunderstandingofa“greencity”?AsIunderstand,a“greencity”isacityortownthatfocusesonenvironmentallyfriendlypractices.Itaimstoimprovethelivabilityofurbansurroundingsandbenefitthewell-beingofcitizenslivingthere.Pre-readingActivitiesListenandTalkGlobalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmental______ofthe21stcentury,but—regardlessofwhetheritisorisn’t—wewon’tdomuchaboutit.Wewillargueoveritandmayeven,asanation,makesomefairlysolemn-sounding___________toavoidit.Butthemoredramaticandmeaningfulthesecommitmentsseem,thelesslikelytheyaretobe_________.crisiscommitmentsListentoashortpassageconcerningglobalwarming.observedAlGorecallsglobalwarmingan“_______________,”asifmerelyrecognizingitcouldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthisthatwedon’tknowenoughto_____globalwarming,and—withoutmajortechnological____________—wecan’tdomuchaboutit.From2003to2050,theworld’spopulationis_________togrowfrom6.4billonto9.1billion,a42%increase.inconvenienttruthrelievebreakthroughsprojectedListentoashortpassageconcerningglobalwarming.Ifenergyuseperpersonandtechnologyremainthesame,totalenergyuseandgreenhousegas_________(mainly,CO2)willbe42%higherin2050.Butthat’stoolow,becausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneedeconomicgrowthunlesswe_________theworld’spoortotheirpresentpovertyandfreezeeveryoneelse’slivingstandards.emissionscondemnListentoashortpassageconcerningglobalwarming.Introduction:Twoquestionsareraisedtoshowthatpeoplehaveconflictingideasaboutenvironmentalprotection.Theintroductionpavesthewayfortheauthor’scentralargument.PartI—(Para.1)Inthefirstsectionofthebody,theauthortriestoestablisharulethatpeoplecanfollowwhenmakingenvironmentalchoices.PartIISection1—(Paras.2-5)TheauthorcitesthedebateaboutwhethertodrillforoilinANWRtorebutthesentimentalenvironmentalismandjustifyhisownargument.(Paras.7-9)Inthesecondsection(Paras.6-10),theauthor,withthepurposeofstrengtheninghisowncriterion,arguesagainstadifferentrule,onewhichhecallsa__________________________,whichhesaysischaracterizedby_______________________.PartIISection2—(Paras.6-___)10excessiveearthworshipsentimentalenvironmentalismPartthreeistheconclusion.Theauthorrestateshiscentralargument:Humaninterestsshouldbegiven_____overthoseofnaturealthoughhumanbeingsshould______tonatureonlywhentheirownsurvivalisbeingendangeredbyenvironmentalchanges.PartIII—(Paras.11-___)13priorityadaptThistextisanargumentativewritinginwhichtheauthortriestomakeacontrastbetweentwodifferentopinionsaboutenvironmentalprotection,throughwhichhetriestojustifyhisclaimthathumaninterestsshouldbeputabovethoseofnature,andthathumanbeingsshouldprotectnatureonlyonthegroundsthattheirowninterestsareguaranteed.MainIdeaoftheTextMainIdea&StructureTwoquestionsareraisedtoshowthatpeoplehaveconflictingideasaboutenvironmentalprotection.(Para.1)Theauthortriestoestablisharuleforpeopletofollowwhentheymakeenvironmentalchoices.(Paras.2-5)Theauthorrebutsadifferentrule,calledasentimentalenvironmentalism,whichhesaysischaracterizedbyexcessiveearthworship.(Paras.6-10)Arule,calledasaneenvironmentalism,formakingenvironmentalchoicesispresented.(Para.5)Theauthordefinesenvironmentalluxuriesandenvironmentalnecessities.(Para.2)Theauthorgivesexamples“combatingozonedepletionandthegreenhouseeffect”toexplainwhatheseesasanenvironmentalnecessity.(Paras.3-4)TheauthorcitesthedebateaboutpreservingthespottedowlinOregonvs.protectingthelivelihoodoftheloggingfamiliestojustifyhisownargument.(Para.10)Theauthorreviewsadifferentrule,onewhichhecallsasentimentalenvironmentalism.(Para.6)TheauthorcitesthedebateaboutwhethertodrillforoilinANWRtorebutthesentimenta