必修5-Unit-1-Reading-John-Snow-defeats-king-cholera-

Module5Unit1GreatscientistsWarmingupandreadingDoyouknowtheirnames?Whoarethey?GuessinggameArchimedesHewasanancientGreekmathematician.Hefoundifyouputanobjectintowater,thewaterpushestheobjectup.Whoishe?HewroteTheOriginofSpecies.Itexplainedhowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged.CharlesDarwinWhoishe?HeimprovedthefirststeampumpbuiltbyThomasSaveryandturneditintoasteamenginefortakingwateroutofmines.LaterJamesWattturneditintothefirstmodernsteamengineusedontherailways.ThomasNewcomenWhoishe?Heusedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren.GregoryMendelWhoishe?Whoisshe?Sheisawomanscientist.Shediscoveredradium(镭)andpolonium(钋).Inherlife,shewontheNobelPrizetwice.Sheis…MarieCurieNothinginlifeistobefeared.Itisonlytobeunderstood.生活中没有什么可怕的东西,只有需要理解的东西.Heinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities.ThomasEdisonWhoishe?Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.LeonardodaVinciHewasafamousartist.Heusedtostudydeadpeopleinordertomakehispaintingsasaccurateaspossible.Whoishe?Hedevelopedasafetylampforminersin1815.Itmadeworkingconditionsundergroundverymuchsafer.SirHumphryDavyWhoishe?Heinventedthefirstseismographtoindicateinthedirectionofanearthquakes.ZhangHengWhoishe?Heputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes.StephenHarkingWhoishe?Dothequizandseewhoknowsthemost.WarmingupQAnswers1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.ArchimedesCharlesDarwinThomasNewcomenGregorMendelMarieCurieThomasEdisonLeonardodaVinciSirHumphryDavyZhangHengStephenHawkingTHINKWORKFINDHowdothescientistsusuallydoscientificresearch?TheprocessFindaproblemMakeaquestionThinkofamethodCollectresultsAnalysetheresultsFindsupportingevidenceDrawaconclusionSOLVEWhatinfectiousdiseasesdoyouknowabout?CholeraistheillnesscausedbyabacteriumcalledVariancholera.Ifitinfectspeople’sintestines(肠胃),itmaycausediarrhea(腹泻),vomiting(呕吐)andlegcramps(腹痛).Themostcommoncauseofcholeraisbysomeoneeatingfoodordrinkingwaterthathasbeenpollutedbythebacteria.Whatdoyouknowaboutcholera?Choleracanbemild(不严重的)orevenwithoutsymptoms(症状),butaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatetreatment.Doyouknowthisperson?JohnSnow(1813~1858)alegendaryfigureinthehistoryofpublichealth,epidemiology（流行病学）andanesthesiology（麻醉学）What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.B.ThecauseofCholerawaspollutedwater.C.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexamined.D.HowJohnSnowcollected,analyzeddataandfoundthecauseofthediseaseandsolvedit.FastreadingdrawaconclusionfindaproblemmakeupaquestionthinkofamethodcollectresultsanalysetheresultsfindsupportingevidencePara1Para2Para3Para4Para5Para6Para7Whatistheproblem?Thecholerawasthemostdeadlydiseaseofitsday.Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood.Whatcausedcholera?Detailsmakeupaquestion:Whichtheorytobelievein?Choleramultipliedintheairwithoutreason.Acloudofdangerousgaswouldfloatarounduntilitfounditsvictims.Peopleabsorbeditwiththeirmeals.AmapofBroadStreetWhatmethoddidheuse?Manydeathshappenedhere.Nodeathhappenedhere.Thewaterfromthepumpwastoblame.Publichouseanalyzetheresults:Whathappenedtothepumpwater?ThewaterwasfromtheriverwhichhadbeenpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.Findsupportingevidence:Whatextraevidencedidhefind?Awomanandherdaughterwholivedfarawaybutdrankthewateralsodied.drawaconclusionwithcertaintyThepollutedwatercarriedthedisease.Thingstodotopreventinfectiousdiseases:Washyourhandsoften,especiallyduringcoldandfluseason.Beawareofwhatyoueat,andbecarefulhowyouprepareit.Useantibiotics(抗生素)exactlyasprescribed.Becautiousaroundallwildanddomesticanimalsthatarenotfamiliartoyou.Avoidareasofinsectinfestation.PostreadingDiscussionReadthepassageagainandfillintheblanks:JohnSnowwasawell-known_______inLondoninthe_____century.Hewantedtofindthe______ofcholerainorderto______it.In1854whenacholera______out,hebegantogatherinformation.He_______onamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlivedandhefoundthatmanypeoplewhohaddrunkthedirtywaterfromthe______died.Sohedecidedthatthepollutedwatercarriedcholera.Hesuggestedthatthe_______ofallwatersuppliesbe_________andthewatercompanieswere__________notto______people___pollutedwateranymore.Finally“KingCholera”was_______.doctor19thcausedefeatbrokemarkedpumpsourceexaminedinstructedexposetodefeatedSummaryFindaproblemWhatcausescholera?MakeaquestionWhichtheoryiscorrect?ThinkofamethodCollectdataonthosewhowereillordiedandwheretheygottheirwater.Para.1Para.2Para.3CarefulreadingPara.5AnalysetheresultsAnalysethewatertoseeifthatisthecauseoftheillness.Para.6FindsupportingevidenceFindotherevidencetosupporttheanalysis.Para.7DrawaconclusionThewaterwastoblame.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexaminedtomakesureitissafe.Para.4CollectresultsPlotinformationonamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdie.1.invent&discover(1)invent发明,发明原先不存在的东西Whoinventedthesteamengine?(2)discover发现,探索早就客观存在着的事物ColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492.2.explainexplainsth.tosb.3.characteristic(1)n.特征；特性；特色I'llsendheragiftwithChinesecharacteristic.(2)adj.典型的；特有的Forgetfulnessisoftencharacteristicofagedpeople.1)Thetraditionis___________theirancestors.2)Thisspiritshouldbepas