Where-do-we-go-from-here原文+背景知识

MartinLutherKingSpeech-WheredowegofromhereThetextfeaturedisintheformofextracts,passagesorlinesfromtheMartinLutherKingSpeech-Wheredowegofromhere,anexampleofagreatspeaker.ThisfamousMartinLutherKingSpeechisagreatexampleofaclearaddressusingexcellenttexttopersuadeandinspiretheaudience,anaturalleader,speakerandmotivator.UsethisfamoustranscriptoftheMartinLutherKingSpeech-Wheredowegofromhereasanexampleofagreatspeaker,orationandcleardialogue.ThisfamoustranscriptoftheMartinLutherKingSpeechoriginatedfromahistoricalmanuscript.AQuoteorextractfromtheMartinLutherKingSpeech-Wheredowegofromhere,providesanillustrationof,orallusionto,thefamouseventstheeraandtheworkofagreatspeaker.ThisfamousMartinLutherKingSpeechisfamedforitsgreatpowersofverbalcommunicationmakinggooduseofthewordsandlanguagetoillustratethesubjectallcriticalrequirementsofagreatspeaker.Whetherthisaddresscanbedescribedinthecategoryofpowerful,persuasive,motivationalorinspirationaltheexcellentpowersoforationwhichareusedmakeitoneofthemostfamousspeechesfromagreatspeaker.MartinLutherKingSpeech-WheredowegofromhereSouthernChristianLeadershipConferenceAtlanta,Georgia16August19671.Now,inordertoanswerthequestion,Wheredowegofromhere?whichisourtheme,wemustfirsthonestlyrecognizewherewearenow.WhentheConstitutionwaswritten,astrangeformulatodeterminetaxesandrepresentationdeclaredthattheNegrowas60percentofaperson.Todayanothercuriousformulaseemstodeclareheis50percentofaperson.Ofthegoodthingsinlife,theNegrohasapproximatelyonehalfthoseofwhites.Ofthebadthingsoflife,hehastwicethoseofwhites.ThushalfofallNegroesliveinsubstandardhousing.AndNegroeshavehalftheincomeofwhites.Whenweviewthenegativeexperiencesoflife,theNegrohasadoubleshare.Therearetwiceasmanyunemployed.TherateofinfantmortalityamongNegroesisdoublethatofwhitesandtherearetwiceasmanyNegroesdyinginVietnamaswhitesinproportiontotheirsizeinthepopulation.2.Inotherspheres,thefiguresareequallyalarming.Inelementaryschools,Negroeslagonetothreeyearsbehindwhites,andtheirsegregatedschoolsreceivesubstantiallylessmoneyperstudentthanthewhiteschools.OnetwentiethasmanyNegroesaswhitesattendcollege.OfemployedNegroes,75percentholdmenialjobs.3.Thisiswhereweare.Wheredowegofromhere?First,wemustmassivelyassertourdignityandworth.Wemuststandupamidstasystemthatstilloppressesusanddevelopanunassailableandmajesticsenseofvalues.Wemustnolongerbeashamedofbeingblack.Thejobofarousingmanhoodwithinapeoplethathavebeentaughtforsomanycenturiesthattheyarenobodyisnoteasy.DepictionofBlacknessandNegroContributions4.Evensemanticshaveconspiredtomakethatwhichisblackseemuglyanddegrading.InRoget'sThesaurusthereare120synonymsforblacknessandatleast60ofthemareoffensive,asforexample,blot,soot,grim,devilandfoul.Andtherearesome134synonymsforwhitenessandallarefavorable,expressedinsuchwordsaspurity,cleanliness,chastityandinnocence.Awhitelieisbetterthanablacklie.Themostdegeneratememberofafamilyisablacksheep.OssieDavishassuggestedthatmaybetheEnglishlanguageshouldbereconstructedsothatteacherswillnotbeforcedtoteachtheNegrochild60waystodespisehimself,andtherebyperpetuatehisfalsesenseofinferiority,andthewhitechild134waystoadorehimself,andtherebyperpetuatehisfalsesenseofsuperiority.5.ThetendencytoignoretheNegro'scontributiontoAmericanlifeandtostriphimofhispersonhood,isasoldastheearliesthistoryhooksandascontemporaryasthemorning'snewspaper.Toupsetthisculturalhomicide,theNegromustriseupwithanaffirmationofhisownOlympianmanhood.AnymovementfortheNegro'sfreedomthatoverlooksthisnecessityisonlywaitingtobeburied.Aslongasthemindisenslaved,thebodycanneverbefree.Psychologicalfreedom,afirmsenseofself-esteem,isthemostpowerfulweaponagainstthelongnightofphysicalslavery.NoLincolnianEmancipationProclamationorJohnsonianCivilRightsBillcantotallybringthiskindoffreedom.TheNegrowillonlybefreewhenhereachesdowntotheinnerdepthsofhisownbeingandsignswiththepenandinkofassertivemanhoodhisownEmancipationProclamation.And,withaspiritstrainingtowardtrueself-esteem,theNegromustboldlythrowoffthemanaclesofself-abnegationandsaytohimselfandtotheworld,Iamsomebody.Iamaperson.Iamamanwithdignityandhonor.Ihavearichandnoblehistory.Howpainfulandexploitedthathistoryhasbeen.Yes,IwasaslavethroughmyforeparentsandIamnotashamedofthat.I'mashamedofthepeoplewhoweresosinfultomakemeaslave.Yes,wemuststandupandsay,I'mblackandI'mbeautiful,andthisself-affirmationistheblackman'sneed,madecompellingbythewhiteman'scrimesagainsthim.BasicChallenges6.Anotherbasicchallengeistodiscoverhowtoorganizeourstrengthintermsofeconomicandpoliticalpower.NoonecandenythattheNegroisindireneedofthiskindoflegitimatepower.Indeed,oneofthegreatproblemsthattheNegroconfrontsishislackofpower.FromoldplantationsoftheSouthtonewerghettosoftheNorth,theNegrohasbeenconfinedtoalifeofvoicelessnessandpowerlessness.Strippedoftherighttomakedecisionsconcerninghislifeanddestinyhehasbeensubjecttotheauthoritarianandsometimeswhimsicaldecisionsofthiswhitepowerstructure.Theplantationandghettowerecreatedbythosewhohadpower,bothtoconfinethosewhohadnopowerandtoperpetuatetheirpowerlessness.Theproblemoftransfo