独立宣言-中英文版

THEDECLARATIONOFINDEPENDENCESecondDraftInCongress,July4,1776,THEUNANIMOUSDECLARATIONOFTHETHIRTEENUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICAWhenintheCourseofhumanevents,itbecomesnecessaryforonepeopletodissolvethepoliticalbandswhichhaveconnectedthemwithanother,andtoassumeamongthePowersoftheearth,theseparateandequalstationtowhichtheLawsofNatureandofNature'sGodentitlethem,adecentrespecttotheopinionsofmankindrequiresthattheyshoulddeclarethecauseswhichimpelthemtotheseparation.Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithcertainunalienableRights,thatamongtheseareLife,Liberty,andthepursuitofHappiness.Thattosecuretheserights,GovernmentsareinstitutedamongMen,derivingtheirjustpowersfromtheconsentofthegoverned.ThatwheneveranyformofGovernmentbecomesdestructiveoftheseends,itistheRightofthePeopletoalterortoabolishit,andtoinstitutenewGovernment,layingitsfoundationonsuchprinciplesandorganizingitspowersinsuchform,astothemshallseemmostlikelytoeffecttheirSafetyandHappiness.Prudence,indeed,willdictatethatGovernmentslongestablishedshouldnotbechangedforlightandtransientcauses;andaccordinglyallexperiencehathshown,thatmankindaremoredisposedtosuffer,whileevilsaresufferable,thantorightthemselvesbyabolishingtheformstowhichtheyareaccustomed.Butwhenalongtrainofabusesandusurpations,pursuinginvariablythesameObject,evincesadesigntoreducethemunderabsoluteDespotism,itistheirright,itistheirduty,tothrowoffsuchGovernment,andtoprovidenewGuardsfortheirfuturesecurity.SuchhasbeenthepatientsufferanceoftheseColonies;andsuchisnowthenecessitywhichconstrainsthemtoaltertheirformerSystemsofGovernment.ThehistoryofthepresentKingofGreatBritainisahistoryofrepeatedinjuriesandusurpations,allhavingindirectobjecttheestablishmentofanabsoluteTyrannyovertheseStates.Toprovethis,letFactsbesubmittedtoacandidworld.HehasrefusedhisAssenttoLaws,themostwholesomeandnecessaryforthepublicgood.HehasforbiddenhisGovernorstopassLawsofimmediateandpressingimportance,unlesssuspendedintheiroperationtillhisAssentshouldbeobtained;andwhensosuspended,hehasutterlyneglectedtoattendtothem.HehasrefusedtopassotherLawsfortheaccommodationoflargedistrictsofpeople,unlessthosepeoplewouldrelinquishtherightofRepresentationintheLegislature,arightinestimabletothemandformidabletotyrantsonly.Hehascalledtogetherlegislativebodiesatplacesunusual,uncomfortable,anddistantfromthedepositoryoftheirpublicRecords,forthesolepurposeoffatiguingthemintocompliancewithhismeasures.HehasdissolvedRepresentativeHousesrepeatedly,foropposingwithmanlyfirmnesshisinvasionsontherightsofthepeople.Hehasrefusedforalongtime,aftersuchdissolutions,tocauseotherstobeelected;wherebytheLegislativepowers,incapableofAnnihilation,havereturnedtothePeopleatlargefortheirexercise;theStateremaininginthemeantimeexposedtoallthedangersofinvasionfromwithout,andconvulsionswithin.HehasendeavoredtopreventthepopulationoftheseStates;forthatpurposeobstructingtheLawsofNaturalizationofForeigners;refusingtopassotherstoencouragetheirmigrationshither,andraisingtheconditionsofnewAppropriationsofLands.HehasobstructedtheAdministrationofJustice,byrefusinghisAssenttoLawsforestablishingJudiciarypowers.HehasmadeJudgesdependentonhisWillalone,forthetenureoftheiroffices,andtheamountandpaymentoftheirsalaries.HehaserectedamultitudeofNewOffices,andsenthitherswarmsofOfficerstoharassourPeople,andeatouttheirsubstance.Hehaskeptamongus,intimesofpeace,StandingArmieswithouttheConsentofourlegislatures.HehasaffectedtorendertheMilitaryindependentofandsuperiortothecivilpower.Hehascombinedwithotherstosubjectustoajurisdictionforeigntoourconstitution,andunacknowledgedbyourlaws;givinghisAssenttotheirActsofpretendedLegislation:Forquarteringlargebodiesofarmedtroopsamongus:Forprotectingthem,byamockTrial,fromPunishmentforanyMurderswhichtheyshouldcommitontheInhabitantsoftheseStates:ForcuttingoffourTradewithallpartsoftheworld:ForimposingTaxesonuswithoutourConsent:Fordeprivingusinmanycases,ofthebenefitsofTrialbyJury:FortransportingusbeyondSeastobetriedforpretendedoffences:ForabolishingthefreeSystemofEnglishLawsinaneighboringProvince,establishingthereinanArbitrarygovernment,andenlargingitsBoundariessoastorenderitatonceanexampleandfitinstrumentforintroducingthesameabsoluteruleintotheseColonies:FortakingawayourCharters,abolishingourmostvaluableLaws,andalteringfundamentallytheformsofourGovernments:ForsuspendingourownLegislaturesanddeclaringthemselvesinvestedwithpowertolegislateforusinallcaseswhatsoever.HehasabdicatedGovernmenthere,bydeclaringusoutofhisProtectionandwagingWaragainstus.Hehasplunderedourseas,ravagedourCoasts,burntourtowns,anddestroyedtheLivesofourpeople.Heisatthistimetransportinglargearmiesofforeignmercenariestocompletetheworksofdeath,desolationandtyranny,alreadybegunwithcircumstancesofCruelty&perfidyscarcelyparalleledinthemostbarbarousages,andtotallyunworthytheHeadofacivilizednation.HehasconstrainedourfellowCitizenstakenCaptiveonthehighSeastobearArmsagainsttheirCountry,tobecometheexecutionersoftheirfriendsandBrethren,ortofallthemselvesbytheirHands.Hehasexci