英语翻译-诗歌的翻译

诗歌翻译（一）操作方法小组成员：时诗歌翻译（一）操作方法1、Englishromanticlyricpoetry(Shichunfeng)2、Object-describingPoems(Guoshaohui)3、farewellpoems(Chenpeifen)4、ThecomparisonofwesternpastoralpoemandChina‘spastoralpoem(Zhaona)5、PrecautionsofPoems(Liyu)ContentandOrderThetranslationofEnglishromanticlyricpoetry——英国浪漫主义抒情诗的翻译ThecharacteristicsofEnglishromanticlyricpoetryThetranslationstyleofEnglishromanticlyricpoetryCONTENTSTheexamplesoflyricpoetrytranslationThecharacteristicsofEnglishromanticlyricpoetry浪漫主义作家强调个性、想象与主观思想感情，注重感情的自然流露，他们把“内心”、“想象”看作诗的本源，认为诗即诗人感情寻求表现冲动所造成的，或是为“创造性”的想象所驱使。Theromanticwriterstressindividualcharacter,imaginationandsubjectivefeelings,payattentiontothefeelingsofnaturallanguage.Theyputtheheart,imagineastotheoriginofpoetry,thinkthatthepoetryisthat,thepoetfeelingsseektheperformanceofimpulse,ordrivenbycreativeimagination.Commonfeatures•Descriptionoftheideal,toexpressastrongpersonalfeelingsandfocusondepictingnaturalscenery,toexpressthefeelingsofnature;•Thefolksongsandfolktalesasthematerialandreferenceincreation;•Theuseofexaggeration•Usingthemagnificentwordsstyleandabundantparables;•Theclassicalismofpoetryisstretchandfree;ThetranslationstyleofEnglishromanticlyricpoetryphrase（措辞）artisticconception（意境）poeticform（诗体形式）Mainlyembodiedinthefollowingthreeaspects.TheexamplesoflyricpoetrytranslationPhrase（措辞）“howcouldthynotesflowinsuchacrystalstream?”——雪莱《致云雀》“你的乐曲音流怎能像液态的水晶涌泻?”“你的歌怎能流得如此晶莹?”Example1通感视觉听觉Theexamplesoflyricpoetrytranslation“Ifeven／Iwereasinmyboyhood，andcouldbe／ThecomradeofthywanderingsoverHeaven，”——《西风颂》“假如我能在少年时，凌风而舞／便成了你的伴侣，悠游于太空”“唯愿英姿勃发重振少年意气／与你信步同游那昊昊天庭”Example2Phrase（措辞）“thenamelessgrace／Whichwavesineveryraventress／Orsoftlylightenso’erherface”——拜伦《SheWalksinBeauty》“美在她绺绺黑发上飘荡，／在她的腮颊上洒布柔辉”“美波动在她乌黑的发上／或者散布淡淡的光辉／在那脸庞”Theexamplesoflyricpoetrytranslationartisticconception（意境再造）Example1权衡局部与整体关系，大胆运用剔除与补偿策略，捕捉原诗核心意象，凭借动词等再现原诗的动态意境。“Likeaglow-wormgolden／Inadellofdew，／Scatteringunbeholden／Itsaerialhue／Amongtheflowersandgrass，whichscreenitfromtheview”——雪莱《致云雀》“像一只金色的萤火虫／在凝露的深山幽谷／不显露出它的行止影踪／把晶莹的流光传播／在遮断我们视线的芳草鲜花丛中”“好象是金色的萤火虫／在凝露的山谷里／到处流散它轻盈的光/在花丛，在草地／而花草却把它掩遮，毫不感激”——紧扣原文直译，萤火虫“不显露”(“unbeholden”)行踪，在遮断我们视线的芳草鲜花从中传播光亮，其描述重心是陈述事件，更倾向于实境营造。——描绘而非陈述，重心在动境的营造并没有因为原诗“unbeholden”与“screenfromtheview”就放弃对比作萤火虫的云雀歌声动态的描绘，同时这种动境更加激发读者的遐想，并产生虚实相生的诗意。Example2以比喻类比的手法，把云雀的歌唱比作萤火虫的光artisticconception（意境再造）音步、韵脚、诗行与诗节的安排并不尽依原诗，一成不变，而是随物赋形，寓变化于整齐，不苛求与原文字面、韵脚或音步的一一对应。poeticform（诗体形式）Example1FragmentLanguagehasnotthepowertospeakwhatloveindites:Thesoulliesburiedintheinkthatwrites.——英国JohnClare断想爱在呼唤难以言传墨迹行行枉费情感poeticform（诗体形式）Example2LoveSheweptwithpityanddelight,Sheblush‘dwithloveandvirginshame;And,likethemurmurofadream,Iheardherbreathemyname.爱情窦初开羞答答,怜爱欣喜落泪花;犹如梦呓低声语,红云满面呼唤他。Object-describingPoemsTranslation——咏物诗歌翻译Thecharacteristicsofobject-describingpoemsThekeysofobject-describingpoemstranslationCONTENTSTheexamplesofobject-describingpoemstranslationThecharacteristicsofobject-describingpoems就是托物言志或借物抒情的诗歌，通过事物的咏叹体现人文思想。咏物诗中所咏之“物”往往是作者的自况，与诗人的自我形象完全融合在一起，作者在描摹事物中寄托了一定的感情。咏物诗：Theyrefertothosepoemswhichfocusonthedescriptionofobjectivethingsandexpressthepoets’feelingsalongwithsuchadescription.Allthenaturalbeings,rangingfrommountainsandseastoflowersandbirds,aretheobjectsforthepoetstoportrayandprojecttheirfeelings.Thekeysofobject-describingpoemstranslationUsinghisorherinitiative,thetranslatorcanhavetheabilitytoappreciatebeauty,andbywayof“feelingintothesubject”,heorshecanreproducetheaestheticeffectofthepoetryinitsEnglishversions.Theexamplesofobject-describingpoemsSouvenirsYouaskwhenI’mcoming:alasnotjustyet...Howtherainfilledthepoolsonthatnightwhenwemet!Ah,whenshallweeversnuffcandlesagain,Andrecallthegladhoursofthateveningofrain.（translatedbyGiles）Example1夜雨寄北——李商隐君问归期未有期，巴山夜雨涨秋池。何当共剪西窗烛，却话巴山夜雨时。Defects：Gilesmistakesthepresentforthepast.Beside,Gilesdeletesthename“BaShan”.Theexamplesofobject-describingpoemsAPoemtoMyHomeintheNorthonaRainyNightYouaskaboutmyreturningdate,butinvain.IntherealmofBapoolsswellwithautumnrain.Whencanwesnuffcandlestogetherinourbower,Chattingaboutmyfeelingandthoughtofthishour?（translatedbyZengBingheng）WrittenonaRainyNighttoMyWifeintheNorthYouaskmewhenIcancomeback,butIdon’tknow,Thepoolsinwesternhillwithautumnrainoverflow.WhenbyourwindowcanwetrimthewicksagainAndtalkaboutthisendless,drearynightofrain?（translatedbyXuYuanzhong）“endless”“dreary”→传神之效Theexamplesofobject-describingpoemsAnOdetoWillowJadelikeweepingwillowlookslikebeauty’sfigure,Itsslendertwigsaregreenribbonsofbeauty’sskirts.Whoonearthcutsoutthethinleavesontheosiers?Theearlyspring’sbreezeseemstoplaytheroleofshears.（translatedbyLiuKezhang）“onearth”“seemsto”→用的好Example2咏柳——贺知章碧玉妆成一树高，万条垂下绿丝绦。不知细叶谁裁出，二月春风似剪刀。Theexamplesofobject-describingpoemsNightaSpringRainGoodrainchoosestheproperseasontofall.Inspring,alltreesandflowers,tolifeitrecall.Withamildbreeze,itcontinuesintothenight.Insilence,itgivestheneededmoisturearight.（translatedbyXuZhongjie）“chooses”“continues”“gives”→personification（拟人化）Example3春夜喜雨——杜甫好雨知时节，当春乃发生。随风潜入夜，润物细无声。Theexamplesofobje