工程管理外文翻译

外文翻译学院能源与建筑工程学院专业工程管理导师学生2015年4月10日THINKINGOFCOSTENGINEERINGPROJECTAbstract:Thepremiseoftheprojectcostmanagementistomeettheprojectquality,schedule,contractrequirements,asfortheprojectcosts,aswellasachievingtheintendedtargetbyplanning,organization,controlandcoordination,andasascientificmanagementactivitiestoreducethecostAsfaraspossible.Itismainlythroughtechnology(suchastheselectionoftheconstructionplan),economic(suchasaccounting)andmanagement(suchasconstructionorganizationmanagement,rulesandregulationsetc.)activitiestoachievetheintendedtargetandthepurposeofprofit.Costisthesumofallkindsofconstructionprocessintheprojectcost.Thecontentofcostmanagementisveryextensive,runsthrougheveryprocedureandeveryaspectofprojectmanagementactivities,fromthesigningofthecontracttotheconstructionpreparation,untilthecompletionacceptance,everylinkcannotdowithoutthecostmanagement.Asforthecompleteprocessofcostmanagementtosay,itscontentincludes:costprediction,costcontrol,costaccounting,costanalysisandcostassessment,etc..Hereonlytoanalysisthroughthreeaspects:projectcostforecast,costcontrol,theeffectivewayreducethecosttoelaborate.1.Doagoodcostforecast,identifytheobjectivesofcostcontrolCostpredictionisthebasisofcostplan,whichprovidethebasisforcompilingthescientific,reasonablecostcontroltarget.Therefore,toimprovethescientificcostforecast,costplantoreducecostsandimproveeconomicefficiency,whichplaysanimportantroleinengineeringmanagement.Strengtheningthecontrolofcost,firstofalltopaymoreattentiononcostpredictionisanessentialbehavior.ThemaincontentofCostpredictionistheuseofscientificmethods,toforecastaccordingtocosttargetoftheproject,constructionconditions,mechanicalequipment,andthequalityofpersonneloftheproject.1.1.Predictionofworkers,material,costThefirstistoanalysistheproject'sartificialcostprice,thenanalysisthewagesandthemarketofthesocialworkers,accordingtotheamountoftimeandreadyforthestafftoanalysisiftheaccommodationiscoveredintheprojectcontractpriceoflaborcost.ThematerialcostsaccountedforalargeproportionofConstructionandinstallationcost,shouldbethefocustoaccuratelygrasp.toanalysisthemainmaterials,auxiliarymaterials,othermaterials,approvedmaterialssupplylocations,thepurchaseprice,modeoftransportandhandlingcosts.analysisthequotamaterialspecifiedinthespecificationswiththeactualmaterialspecificationsofdifferentcomparisonofactualuse,withdifferentcementcontentandquotaratio,pooledanalysisofbudgetinothermaterials,intheconcretepracticetobemixedwithacertainamountofadmixture.③Feesforusingmachinery:themodelsandthenumberofmachineryandequipmentbiddingapplicationinthegroupisusuallycalculatedbytheconstructionmethodofthequota,whichisdifferentfromtheactualconstructionsiteinsomeways,andworkefficiencyisalsodifferent.Therefore,Wehavetomeasuretheactualforecasthappenmachinecost.Atthesametime,wealsohavetocalculatetheamortizationmachineryrentalpossiblefeesandthepurchaseofnewmachineryandequipmentcosts,approvethemainmechanicalshiftproductionquota.1.2PredictionofcostchangescausedbytheplanofconstructionprojectTheprojectafterwinningthebid,mustdevelopadvancedandfeasibleintechnologyandreasonableconstructionorganizationdesignaccordingtotheactualsituationoftheconstructionsiteoftheproject,combinedwiththelocaleconomy,naturalandgeographicalconditions,theconstructiontechnology,equipmentselection,andtheactualsituationofprojectscheduling.Comparingthedifferentbetweentheconstructionmethodimplementedbyapplyinggroupandtenderpreparationtime,orthedifferentofquotaofconstructionmethodtodesignacorrectprediction.1.3.PredictionofaidedengineeringfeeAidedengineeringreferstoengineeringquantitylistornotgiveninthedesigndrawings,anditisindispensableinconstruction,suchasconcretemixingstation,tunnelconstructionofthethreetubelinetwo,highpressureintothehole,alsoneedtopredictbyconstructionplanforactual.1.4.PredictionoflargetemporaryfacilitiesfeePredictionoflargetemporaryworkfeeshouldbeinvestigatedindetailandfullydemonstration,todetermineareasonabletargetvalues.1.5.Predictionofsmalltemporaryfacilitiesfee,andthetransferringofsitefeeSmalltemporaryfacilitycostsinclude:temporaryfacilitieslayout,accordingtohowmuchtimeperiodandplannedtoinvestinpersonnel,equipmenttodeterminethetemporaryfacilitiesscaleandstandard,accordingtoactualandreferenceofthehistoricaldataforthecontrolofconstructionintheobjectivevaluedetermination.Thetransferringofsiteshouldbebasedonthedistanceandquasitransferpersonnel,equipmenttopredictthetargetvalue.1.6.PredictionoftheriskofoutofcontrolofcostRiskanalysisofprojectcosttargets,istoimplementthepredictionofthefactorsthatmayaffecttherealizationofexanteanalysisintheproject,oftencanbeanalyzedfromthefollowingaspects:1)Understandingofthetechnicalcharacteristicsofengineeringproject,suchasstructuralcharacteristics,geologicalfeatures.2)Ontheanalysisoftheunitowners,includingcreditofownersofunits,theavailabilityoffunds,organizationandcoordinationability.3)Analysisofinternalprojectorganizationsystem,includingtheconstructionorganizationdesign,resources,qualityandotheraspects.4)Theanalysisoftraffic,en