[北科大]通用学术英语2-Unit4-Mini-lecture

GuidedQuestionsforminilecturesinUnit4Minilecture11.Whatisdiscussioninourdailylife?Itisaprocessofinteractivecommunicationbetweenpeoplewithdifferingopinions.2.Whatisadiscussionessay?Andwhataretherequestsofthetopicfordiscussion?Adiscussionessayisawrittendebate.Usuallythetopicisdebatableandopentoargument.3.Whatareyouexpectedtodowhenwritingadiscussionessay?Youareexpectedtopresenttwoormorepointsofview,anddiscussthepositiveandnegativeaspectsofeachone.4.Isitalwaysnecessaryfortheauthortodecidewhichstancetotake?Itisnotalwaysnecessarytodicidewhichstanceistaken.5.Whatisthestructureofadiscussion?①introduction(providesbackgroundinformation)②asimpleoverviewoftheargument③abodypartofadiscussion(composestwoormoresupportingparagraphs,whicheachelaborateondifferentviewpoints,eachsupportedbyevidenceandreasoning)④asummaryofthepointsofview,conclusionorprediction6.Whatarethebasicelementsofanargument?①stateyourclaim②providereasons③presentevidence④connecttheevidencetotheclaimMinilecture27.Whatarethetwobasicwaystopresentanargumentindiscussion?Thebalancedmethod,thepersuasivemethod.8.Whatisthebalancedmethod?Presentyouropinionwithresonsintheendingparagraph.9.Whatisthepersuasivemethod?Statingyourclaimimmediatelyintheintroductioninsteadoftheendingparagraph,andthentryingtoconvincethereaderwithreasonsandrelevantevidence.10.Howtoevaluatetheefficiencyofthedifferentreasons?Firstofall,itneedstoberelevanttotheclaim.Forittobeavalidreason,itneedstoinvokeavaluethereadercanbelieveinandagreewith.11.Howtoevaluatetheevidence?Inordertobebelievable,convincing,evidenceincludingfacts,examples,statistics,expertopinions,andotherthingsshouldbesufficient,credibleandaccurate.12.Howwouldyoudefinethediscussionsessionofaresearchpaper?Itisacriticalanalysisoftheresultsoftheresearchandtheirimplications.13.Whatisthemainfunctionofthediscussionsessionofaresearchpaper?Itsmainfunctionistoanswerthequestionsposedintheintroduction.14.Whatarethebasicelementsinadiscussionsession?①asummaryofthemostimportantfindings②possibleexplanationsforthefindings③acomparisonbetweenyourfindingsandthoseofotherstudies④limatationsosthestudythatreducethecredibilityofthefingingsMinilecture315.whatisusuallytheaimofanacademicdiscussionoraseminar?Toexploreaquestion,propositionorareaofknowledgeandachievereasonedmutualunderstanding.16.Howtoprepareforaseminar?IdentifythemainissuestobediscussedDevelopunderstandingofmainissuesMakenotesKeeptrackofusefulexamplesorquotationsDevelopabroadunderstandingofthesubject,andlistthepointsMakealistofpoints17.Howtoengageinadiscussionwhenyouareprepared?Don’twaituntilyouarriveatthe‘bigidea’ShareresponsibilitywiththegroupBepositiveandrespectfulofotherpeople’sidea18.Whataresomeofthestrategiestohelpbuildyourcontributionstogroupdiscussion?①verbal/non-verbalacknowledgementsPayingcloseattentiontoothersandshowyou’reagoodlistener.②agreementsAgreeingwithapointsomeonehasmadecantakeyourcontributionstothenextstage.③observationTrycommentingonthediscussion.④presentingalternativeviewsOfferingalternativepointsofviewindicatesahighlevelofinvolvement.⑤involvementTrytomakenewpoints,leadingthediscussionintonewground.Minilecture419.Whatarethestepsforwritingapersuasivediscussionessay?Step1:Beginwithanintroductionthatprovidesanoverviewofthecontroversialtopic.Step2:Choosethreewell-developedpointstosupportthethesisstatement.Step3:AcounterargumentparagraphStep4:Endtheessaywithastrongconclusionthatwrapsuptheessayandreiteratesthemainpoints.20.Howdoesexemplificationwork?Exemplificationusesspecific,vividexamplesforthepurposeofaddingmoreinformationinordertoexplain,persuade,define,orillustrateageneralidea.21.Whatarethestepsforwritingadiscussionsectioninaresearchpaper?Step1:SummarizethemainresultsorstatethemajorfindingsofthestudyStep2:Interpret(notdescribe)theresultsanddiscussthesignificanceoftheresultsStep3:Discusstheresultsinthelightofpreviousresearch(confirmedorrefutedpreviousstudies)Step4:Explainthewiderimplications(importance)oftheworkStep5:DiscussanyproblemswithorlimitationsofthestudyStep6:MakesuggestionsforimprovementandfurtherresearchMinilecture522.Whatiscollocation?Collocationreferstopatternsofwordswhichtypicallygotogether,involvingdifferentcombinationsofnouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbsorgrammaticalwordssuchasprepositions.23.Whatarethetwomajorgroupsofcollocations?Grammaticalcollocationsandlexicalcollocations.24.Whatisthepatternforgrammaticalcollocation?Grammaticalcollocationsconsistofadominantword(anoun,adjective,orverb)andaprepositionorgrammaticalstructure.Forexample,‘dependon’,‘inadvance’,‘thinkthat’.25.Whatisthepatternforlexicalcollocation?Lexicalcollocationsconsistofnouns,adjectives,verbs,andadverbs,butdonotcontainprepositions,infinitives,orclauses.Forexample,‘conductresearch’,‘solidevidence’,‘varyconsiderably’.26.Listsomecollocationsforvoicingyourpointofviewplease.①AvalidopinionIbelievethat…Ithinkthat…Frommyperspective…Inmyopinion…②AreasonwhyThisisdueto…Thisisbecauseof……inthat…③EvidenceForinstance,…Forexample,…Anexamplecanbeseen…(Author’sname)statesthat…(Author’sname)suggeststhat…Thesestatistic