AMSTAR-2-(a-critical-appraisal-tool-for-systematic

AMSTAR2:acriticalappraisaltoolforsystematicreviewsthatincluderandomisedornon-randomisedstudiesofhealthcareinterventions,orboth1.DidtheresearchquestionsandinclusioncriteriaforthereviewincludethecomponentsofPICO?ForYes:PopulationInterventionComparatorgroupOutcomeOptional(recommended)Timeframeforfollow-upYesNo2.Didthereportofthereviewcontainanexplicitstatementthatthereviewmethodswereestablishedpriortotheconductofthereviewanddidthereportjustifyanysignificantdeviationsfromtheprotocol?ForPartialYes:TheauthorsstatethattheyhadawrittenprotocolorguidethatincludedALLthefollowing:reviewquestion(s)asearchstrategyinclusion/exclusioncriteriaariskofbiasassessmentForYes:Asforpartialyes,plustheprotocolshouldberegisteredandshouldalsohavespecified:ameta-analysis/synthesisplan,ifappropriate,andaplanforinvestigatingcausesofheterogeneityjustificationforanydeviationsfromtheprotocolYesPartialYesNo3.Didthereviewauthorsexplaintheirselectionofthestudydesignsforinclusioninthereview?ForYes,thereviewshouldsatisfyONEofthefollowing:ExplanationforincludingonlyRCTsORExplanationforincludingonlyNRSIORExplanationforincludingbothRCTsandNRSIYesNo4.Didthereviewauthorsuseacomprehensiveliteraturesearchstrategy?ForPartialYes(allthefollowing):searchedatleast2databases(relevanttoresearchquestion)providedkeywordand/orsearchstrategyjustifiedpublicationrestrictions(e.g.language)ForYes,shouldalsohave(allthefollowing):searchedthereferencelists/bibliographiesofincludedstudiessearchedtrial/studyregistriesincluded/consultedcontentexpertsinthefieldwhererelevant,searchedforgreyliteratureconductedsearchwithin24monthsofcompletionofthereviewYesPartialYesNo5.Didthereviewauthorsperformstudyselectioninduplicate?ForYes,eitherONEofthefollowing:atleasttworeviewersindependentlyagreedonselectionofeligiblestudiesandachievedconsensusonwhichstudiestoincludeORtworeviewersselectedasampleofeligiblestudiesandachievedgoodagreement(atleast80percent),withtheremainderselectedbyonereviewer.YesNoAMSTAR2:acriticalappraisaltoolforsystematicreviewsthatincluderandomisedornon-randomisedstudiesofhealthcareinterventions,orboth6.Didthereviewauthorsperformdataextractioninduplicate?ForYes,eitherONEofthefollowing:atleasttworeviewersachievedconsensusonwhichdatatoextractfromincludedstudiesORtworeviewersextracteddatafromasampleofeligiblestudiesandachievedgoodagreement(atleast80percent),withtheremainderextractedbyonereviewer.YesNo7.Didthereviewauthorsprovidealistofexcludedstudiesandjustifytheexclusions?ForPartialYes:providedalistofallpotentiallyrelevantstudiesthatwerereadinfull-textformbutexcludedfromthereviewForYes,mustalsohave:JustifiedtheexclusionfromthereviewofeachpotentiallyrelevantstudyYesPartialYesNo8.Didthereviewauthorsdescribetheincludedstudiesinadequatedetail?ForPartialYes(ALLthefollowing):describedpopulationsdescribedinterventionsdescribedcomparatorsdescribedoutcomesdescribedresearchdesignsForYes,shouldalsohaveALLthefollowing:describedpopulationindetaildescribedinterventionindetail(includingdoseswhererelevant)describedcomparatorindetail(includingdoseswhererelevant)describedstudy’ssettingtimeframeforfollow-upYesPartialYesNo9.Didthereviewauthorsuseasatisfactorytechniqueforassessingtheriskofbias(RoB)inindividualstudiesthatwereincludedinthereview?RCTsForPartialYes,musthaveassessedRoBfromunconcealedallocation,andlackofblindingofpatientsandassessorswhenassessingoutcomes(unnecessaryforobjectiveoutcomessuchasall-causemortality)ForYes,mustalsohaveassessedRoBfrom:allocationsequencethatwasnottrulyrandom,andselectionofthereportedresultfromamongmultiplemeasurementsoranalysesofaspecifiedoutcomeYesPartialYesNoIncludesonlyNRSINRSIForPartialYes,musthaveassessedRoB:fromconfounding,andfromselectionbiasForYes,mustalsohaveassessedRoB:methodsusedtoascertainexposuresandoutcomes,andselectionofthereportedresultfromamongmultiplemeasurementsoranalysesofaspecifiedoutcomeYesPartialYesNoIncludesonlyRCTs10.Didthereviewauthorsreportonthesourcesoffundingforthestudiesincludedinthereview?ForYesMusthavereportedonthesourcesoffundingforindividualstudiesincludedinthereview.Note:ReportingthatthereviewerslookedforthisinformationbutitwasnotreportedbystudyauthorsalsoqualifiesYesNoAMSTAR2:acriticalappraisaltoolforsystematicreviewsthatincluderandomisedornon-randomisedstudiesofhealthcareinterventions,orboth11.Ifmeta-analysiswasperformeddidthereviewauthorsuseappropriatemethodsforstatisticalcombinationofresults?RCTsForYes:Theauthorsjustifiedcombiningthedatainameta-analysisANDtheyusedanappropriateweightedtechniquetocombinestudyresultsandadjustedforheterogeneityifpresent.ANDinvestigatedthecausesofanyheterogeneityYesNoNometa-analysisconductedForNRSIForYes:Theauthorsjustifiedcombiningthedatainameta-analysisANDtheyusedanappropriateweightedtechniquetocombinestudyresults,adjustingforheterogeneityifpresentANDtheystatisticallycombinedeffectestimatesfromNRSIthatwereadjustedforconfounding,ratherthancombiningrawdata,orjustifiedcombiningrawdatawhenadjustedeffectes