您好,欢迎访问三七文档
当前位置:首页 > 幼儿/小学教育 > 小学教育 > 牛津沪教版英语八年级上完形填空专题讲义
牛津沪教版英语八年级上完形填空专题讲义1/8八年级上完形填空练习一、完型填空的解题总则文章首句要重视,全篇理解有启示。记叙体裁为主体,通读全文明意旨。填空多是实意词,四个选项巧设计,词类范畴必同一。确定最佳靠逻辑,字里行间找信息。个别填空借常识,相近词义细辨析,习惯用法靠记忆,复读反思再核实。★完型填空SECTION解题原则▲完形填空如何入手?1.做题前先花30-45秒预览文章,大致了解文章的体裁(记叙、议论或者……)、文章内容、几个段落、是否有小标题和项目符号(这个往往是该段的主题句)。2.做题时,首句和小标题重点读,充分体会文章论证结构,灵活使用技巧(例子与例子的关系,例子与中心句的关系,平行关系等),注意逻辑对应,指代清晰。★特别提醒,绝对避免见空填空,(即看到一个空格,直接看选项进行选择),这样很危险,失误率会大大增加。再次强调,完形填空强调单词、短语在语境(句子层面,段落层面,篇章层面)的应用。请填第一格词,务必读到第二格,很多时候两格之间出题者往往给了很多暗示和线索。依次类推,填第二格请务必读到第三格。如第一格在第二段,也请认真读完第一段,切莫跳过,因为前文可能在给全文或者该段足够的背景叙述。同理,如最后一格后还有句子或者段落,请务必读完。3.完成题后,请重读该文1-2遍,确保单词在该句语法,语义,语境都合适。▲非常强调逻辑对应:1.首句必重点读首句很多情况是Topicsentence(主题句),告诉你文章的背景和主旨。首句一般不设空,如果首句设空,请重点读后面的例子,例子里面会提供线索。现在很多考题都是用后面的例子印证首句。EG1:(11长宁)Thesedays,itis______forchildrenasyoungasSammytobesogoodatcomputers.ManyChildrenusecomputersathomeoratschoolandsomeschoolsevenhavetheirownwebsites.A.hardB.unusualC.commonD.dangerous如果学生分析这四个词用法,那就和这道考题背道而驰了,首句设空,我们重点读后面的那句话“很多孩子在家里,学校使用电脑,甚至一些学校有他们自己的网站”,说明对电脑的使用是持肯定意见的,选项C为正确答案,A、B、D都为否定意见,故不选。EG2:(13长宁)Ifyouhavenomobilephone,nocomputer,andnoInternetwithyou,whatwillyoudowithyourfreetime?Willyougo____80____?牛津沪教版英语八年级上完形填空专题讲义2/8A.enjoyableB.interestingC.crazyD.busy2.例子之间关系例子联合起来都是去证明本文中心的,但例子与例子有时候会有正反对比或者是平行关系。(12虹口)Inmostmenageries,animalswerekeptinsmalldirtycages.However,inmodernzoos,animalsarekeptinhabitats(栖息地)thatlooklike81areas.81.A)nativeB)narrowC)naturalD)national3.最佳适用原则举个这例子,如果这样出题。这位男士很______,每次和女生一起出去逛街的时候都会为女生拉开商场大门,直到身边所有的女生都通过。假设选项如下AgoodBniceCgentleDhandsome你会如何选?很多学生会选good,觉得good是万能词,但这里错了,完形填空一定要基于语境,选择一个最适合,最具体,不是最宽泛的词语。因而Cgentle很绅士是最佳答案。(12虹口)Peoplewho85animalrightsdon’tlikethedisplayofanimalsinzoos.Butotherpeoplefeelthatzooscareforandprotecttheanimals.Theyfeelthatthisiswhymanyexoticspeciesarestillalivetoday.85.A)playatrickonB)gettiredofC)payattentiontoD)goonwith4.场景匹配原则(2011长宁一模)SammyLiu,asix-year-oldboyfromKowloon,hasbecomeaherorecently.Onedayheusedthefamily’s________tostoparobbery.A.radioB.computerC.recorderD.telephone后文都在说关于电脑使用,这里选择ACD显然不合适,文章里根本就没有提到收音机,录音机和电话,虽然电话也能用来报警,但是一定要基于原文的场景。5.平行并列原则完形填空文章很多时候是围绕一个话题展开,每个段落有的时候发展模式都是差不多的,前面提到如果首句设空,除了关注到后面的例子,还不妨可以关注下一段首句或者再下下段首句。类似的如果某段末句设空不妨也可以关注一下下面一段的末句。例如有一篇文章是讨论积极态度给生活、工作、健康带来的好处,其中第二段末句这么写:withanactive_______,youcanovercomeallthedifficulties.需要我们填空。在第三段末句出现了withanactiveattitude,youcanbehealthy.如果学生在阅读的时候关注到这句,使用了“平行原则”,自然就能填出attitude.二、完型填空的解题方法:方法1.充分利用文章的上下文和前后句,找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例1.Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.21springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe22areaslikethedesert.21.A.UsingB.HoldingC.OwningD.Finding22.A.dryB.distantC.desertedD.wild例2.The33watersupplyforecastisbasedmoreonthewaterfromthe34thanfromthebelow.33.A.correctB.furtherC.averageD.early牛津沪教版英语八年级上完形填空专题讲义3/834.A.cloudsB.skyC.airD.above例3.In1964ShirleygraduatedfromGallaudetandlookedfor_44_.Shewantedtobe_45_andworkfulltime.rmationB.helpC.ajobD.anassistant45.A.happyB.independentC.freeD.confident方法2.注意固定的搭配,包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等,同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例1.He’d36hislifebrewingbeerforlocalbreweriesonlytomakealiving,37hadhisfatherandgrandfatherbeforehim.36.A.costB.spentC.takeD.paid37.A.likeB.asifC.soD.nor例2.IcalledmybeerSamuelAdams,51thebrewerandpatriot(爱国者)whohelpedtostarttheBostonTeaparty.51A.forB.atC.inD.after例3.Hedidn’thearthebellforhewascompletelyinreadingthenewspaper.A.interestedBcenteredCaddictedDabsorbed方法3.注意同义词的辨义例1.Herfacewasfamiliartome,butIcouldnot8.r_______whereandhowIhadseenher.(remember)例2.AllatonceI10.r_______whereIhadseenher.(realized)例3.ThenIexplainedthatIhad13.r________herfromthephotoIfoundinthepurse.(recognized)方法4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词1)Andvideocamerascanbeusedto______people'sactionsathome.A.keepB.makeC.recordD.watch2)Thewatch,whichMrsSmithhad______onthetableasshestartedherlecture,disappeared.A.seenB.droppedC.foundD.laid3)Whenthepaperswere______shediscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadeexactlythesamemistakesthroughoutthetest.A.collectedB.completedC.markedD.answered方法5.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项例1.Theexplorersfoundthattheislandhadgoodsoil37the200nativeslivingtheresurvivedwithlittlefood.37.A.andB.butC.howeverD.still例2.Herfatherhad36hertwothings.Onewasnottopullheroutofthewater37sheasked.36.A.givenB.refusedC.allowedD.promised37.A.asB.unlessC.evenifD.when例3.So,at24Idecidedtodropout.42,myparentsdidn’tthinkthiswasagreatidea.42.A.FortunatelyB.ObviouslyC.PossiblyD.Properly方法6.根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项例1.in1967shewasaskedtoworkatGallaudetUniversityasadormsupervisor(宿舍监管员).Shirleysupervisedyoungwomenwho_47_intheuniversityduringtheschoolyear.47.A.workedB.studiedC.livedD.played方法7.根据作者的态度,观点,情绪来确定相关选项例1.Lifeisvery55,sodon’trushtomakedecisions.Lifedoesn’tletyouplan.55.A.hardB.busyC.shortD.long例2.Thisis39themostimportantcharacterofcreativepeopleisaverystrong40tofindawayoutoftrouble.39.A.whyB.forC.howD.because40.A.desireB.inspireC.influenceD.attitude完型填空专项练习1Ifyouhavenomobilephone,nocomputer,andnoInternetwithyou,whatwillyoudowithyourfreetime?Willyou牛津沪教版英语八年级上完形填空专题讲义4/8go____80____?Harley,a15-year-oldgirlfromCalifornia,USstayedcalm.Shedidsomethingdifferent.Hermobi
本文标题:牛津沪教版英语八年级上完形填空专题讲义
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-7210691 .html