高考专题复习完形填空课件.ppt

2018高考专题复习之完形填空1考纲分析345真题演练6课堂小结Contents：主要特点2技巧点拨经典例解【全国卷考纲分析】•完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。•解题过程要求考生根据文章的整体内容，区分结构的层次和内容的逻辑关系，对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题。阅读过程中多注意体会作者的写作意图，加强分析推理能力。•1.全国卷完形填空词数通常为左右，选材以为主，夹叙夹议，设空个，首句不设题；•2.为主，语法极少。考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出的理解，突出文化背景，设题以情景意义选择为主。•3.干扰性强，重细微辨析。选项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误。•实词为主，虚词为辅。【完形填空主要特点】250记叙文20语境语篇【近三年全国卷考点方向】年份名词动词形容词副词连词短语其他20137题6题4题1题1题1题20149题4题4题3题20156题6题3题3题1题1题主要考查名词、动词、形容词、副词，占90%以上。词汇题考什么？篇章结构(语境)句际关系能力测试要求“语篇”、“语境”、“语义”技巧点拨1.注意上下文语境（context)词汇复现、逻辑关系2.掌握习惯搭配（phrases&idioms）3.运用词义辨析（comparison）4.了解常识背景（commonsense）5.运用语法分析（grammaranalysis)1.复现词汇题1.(2015全国卷I)Thenmy17-year-oldsuggestedgivinghima__47__.Ithoughtaboutit.Wewere__48(low)__oncashourselves,but……WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitfor__54(whatever)__hisfamilymightneed,heburstintotears.47.A.dollarB.jobC.hotmealD.giftcardthegiftcard语境--原词重现2.(2014全国卷I)Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutinebasis.Asamatteroffact,wecanseethis41atworkinpeopleofall42(ages)..41.A.principleB.habitC.wayD.power语境-同义词、近义词复现2.词语的习惯用法和固定搭配3.（2014全国I)Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout43withtheirnewtoys.43.A.workingB.livingC.playingD.going语境-固定搭配playwith(toys)15(2013江西)“Youshouldn’tswimthatday,”theman45advised.“Thereisastormcomingup.”“Youshouldmindyourown46!”Dianerepliedandwalkedintothegentlewaves.46.A.businessB.SwimsuitC.friendsD.parentsNoneofyourbusiness.与你无关。Mindyourownbusiness!不要多管闲事！16习语谚语(2012全国新课标)Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks36thanwords…36.A.straighterB.louderC.harderD.furtherActionspeakslouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩3.根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义4.(2014全国卷I）Mywheelchairexperimentwassoon54.Itmadeadeepimpressiononme.Afewhoursof“disability”gavemeonlyatasteofthe55(challenges),bothphysicalandmental,thatdisabledpeoplemustovercome.54.A.forgottenB.repeatedC.conductedD.finished语境-词义辨析4.根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行选择5.（2013全国卷I）AssoonasIsatdown,my41madethechairbegintoroll.Itswheelswerenot42（locked）.41.A.heightB.forceC.skillD.weight生活常识常识、背景知识6.BorninAmerica,IspokeEnglishnotChinese，thelanguageofmyancestors.WhenIwasthree,myparentsflashedcardswithChinese36atmyface,butIpushedthem37(aside),…36.A.customB.gamesC.charactersD.language1.语法手段2.逻辑手段句际关系1.语法手段7.（2015全国卷I）WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitfor__54__hisfamilymightneed,heburstintotears.54.A.whoeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever语法-连接代词逻辑手段2.逻辑手段让步关系转折关系因果关系解释关系顺序关系并列关系…8.（2013全国卷I）MyhandsstartedtoacheasI51(turned)theheavymetalwheels.Icametoknowthatcontrollingthe52(direction)ofthewheelchairwasnotgoingtobea(n)53task.53.A.easyB.heavyC.majorD.extra语境-因果关系9.Ourfatherwasastruggling36(lawyer),butIalwaysknewhewas37(special).Henevercriticizedus,butused38tobringoutourbest.38.A.helpB.peaceC.smileD.praise语境-转折10.（2014全国卷I)Theworldisfullof46stampalbumsandunfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttosomeone’s47（passing）interest.46.A.well-organizedB.colorfully-printedC.newly-collectedD.half-filled语境-同类并列关系11.Firstofall,apenshouldfitcomfortablyinyourhand,...Thenthewritingpointofthepen……52,thepenshouldmakeathick,darkline.52.A.MeanwhileB.GenerallyC.AfterwardsD.Finally语境-顺序关系原词复现同义、近义复现并列关系转折关系让步关系解释关系语法项目较少考查顺序关系因果关系词汇手段语法手段逻辑手段语篇信息（语境理解）技巧小结…为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?1.没有严格遵循答题步骤:多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-16分钟.2.不注意积累答题技巧:a.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;b.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.【真题演练】新课标2015全国卷I解题三部曲：读---填---读MykidsandIwereheadingintothesupermarketovertheweekend.Ontheway,wespottedamanholdingapieceofpaperthatsaid,“41myjob.FamilytoFeed.”Atthisstore,a42likethisisnotnormal.My10-year-oldnoticedhimandmadea43onhowbaditmustbetohavetostand44inthecoldwind.Inthestore,Iaskedeachofmykidsto45somethingtheythoughtour“friend”therewould46.Theygotapples,asandwichandabottleofjuice.41.A.QuitB.ChangedC.LostD.Finished42.A.conditionB.placeC.sightD.show43.A.suggestionB.commentC.decisionD.call44.A.byB.proudlyC.outsideD.angrily45.A.drawB.sayC.arrangeD.pick46.A.appreciateB.supplyC.orderD.discover语境、词义上下文Thenmy17-year-oldsuggestedgivinghima47.Ithoughtaboutit.Wewere48oncashourselves,but…well,sometimes49fromourneedinsteadofourabundanceis50whatweneedtodo!Allthekids51somethingtheycoulddoawaywithfortheweek.Whenwehandedhimthebagof52,helitupandthankeduswith53eyes.WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitfor54hisfamilymightneed,heburstintotears.47.A.dollarB.jobC.hotmealD.giftcard48.A.easyB.lowC.softD.loose49.A.givingB.savingC.spendingD.begging50.A.yetB.evenC.stillD.just51.A.declaredB.sharedC.ignoredD.expected52.A.foodB.medicineC.toysD.clothes53.A.sleepyB.wateryC.curiousD.sharp54.A.whoeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever原词重现上下文语法语境、词义词义辨析Thishasbeenawonderful55forourfamily.Fordaysthekidshavebeenlookingforotherswecan56!Thingswouldhaveplayedoutso57ifIhadsimplysaid,“No,wereallydon’thave58togivemore.”Steppingoutnotonlyhelpedabrotherin59,italsogavemykidsthe60tasteofhelpingothers.It’llgoalongwaywiththem.55.A.messageB.exampleC.experienceD.adventure56.A.relyonB.respectC.learnfr