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TheBishop’sCandlesticksByVictorHugoThewriter-VictorHugo•infullVictorMarieHugo•26February1802–22May1885)wasa•Frenchpoet,novelist,anddramatistwho•wasthemostwell-knownofalltheFrench•Romanticwriters.•InFrance,Hugo'sliteraryfamecomes•firstfromhispoetrybutalsorestsuponhis•novelsandhisdramaticachievements.LesMisérables(LesMiserables)•LesMisérables(/leɪˌmɪzəˈrɑːb/)isan1862FrenchnovelbyauthorVictorHugothatiswidelyconsideredoneofthegreatestnovelsofthenineteenthcentury.ThetitleisvariouslytranslatedfromtheFrenchasTheMiserable,TheWretched,ThePoorOnes,TheWretchedPoor,orTheVictims.Beginningin1815andculminating(达到顶点)inthe1832JuneRebellion,thenovelfollowsthelivesandinteractionsofseveralcharacters,focusingonthestrugglesofex-convictJeanValjean(冉阿让)andhisexperienceofredemption.•Examiningthenatureoflawandgrace,thenovelelaboratesuponthehistoryofFrance,architectureofParis,politics,moralphilosophy,antimonarchism(反君主主义),justice,religion,andthetypesandnatureofromanticandfamiliallove.Thestoryishistoricalfictionbecauseitcontainsfactualandhistoricevents.《悲惨世界》•《悲惨世界》的主题是写人类与邪恶之间不懈的斗争,人类本性是纯洁善良的,将一同走向幸福,但要经过苦难的历程。书中穿插当时法国革命动乱的背景和拿破仑滑铁卢战役的描写,以及当时法国社会的很多细节都有论及,比如俚语,下水道和女修道院等情况,雨果在书中都分有独立章节描写。故事情节错综复杂,设计巧妙,跌宕起伏。雨果力图表现严刑峻法只能使人更加邪恶,应根据人道主义精神用道德感化的方法处理,他借主人公之口说道“最高的法律是良心”。他写道:“将来人们会把犯罪看作一种疾病,由一批特殊的医生来医治这种病。医院将取代监狱。”•为了这部书,雨果前后构思了40年,到晚年才完成。他自称这是“一部宗教作品”。Maincompositions•1827:《克伦威尔》(Cromwell)(剧本)•1829:《东方诗集》(lesOrientales)(诗)•1830:《欧那尼》(Hernani)(戏本)•1831:《钟楼怪人》(《巴黎圣母院》Notre-DamedeParis)(小说)TheHunchbackofNotre-Dame•1838:《吕布拉》(RuyBlas)(剧本)•1853:《惩罚集》(lesChatiments)(诗)•1856:《沉思集》(lesContemplations)(诗)TheContemplations•1862:《悲惨世界》(lesMiserables)(小说)•1866:《海上劳工》(小说)•1869:《笑面人》(L’HommequiRit)(小说)•1859-1883:《世纪传说》(laLegendedessiecles)(诗)•1874:《九三年》(Quatre-Vingt-Treize)(小说)Newword•1.bishop['bɪʃəp]•n.主教;(国际象棋中的)象•2.candlestick•英['kændlstɪk]美['kændlstɪk]•n.烛台•3.sinister•英['sɪnɪstə(r)]美['sɪnɪstər]•adj.邪恶的;不祥的;灾难性的;左边的•4.confinement•英[kən'faɪnmənt]美[kən'faɪnmənt]•n.拘禁;限制;分娩inconfinement蹲监狱•5.convict•英[kən'vɪkt]美[kən'vɪkt]•vt.宣判...有罪;使...知罪•n.囚犯;罪犯•adj.被定罪的•6.alcove•英['ælkəʊv]美['ælkoʊv]•n.凹室;壁龛•7.hitherto•英[ˌhɪðə'tuː]美[ˌhɪðər'tuː]•adv.到目前为止;迄今•8.Curé教区教师•9.cassock•英['kæsək]美['kæsək]•n.法衣;袈裟;教士服•10.abbe['æbi,'ɑ:bə]•n.神父,僧侣;男修道院院长•11.ignominy•英['ɪɡnəmɪni]美['ɪɡnəmɪni]•n.(尤指公开的)羞耻;屈辱•12.asylum•英[ə'saɪləm]美[ə'saɪləm]•n.收容所;避难所;庇护;精神病院•13.voracity英[və'ræsəti]美[və'ræsəti]•n.贪食;贪婪•14.oratory•英['ɒrətri]美['ɔːrətɔːri]•n.讲演术;演说;祈祷室;小礼拜堂•Oratory.•n.(天主教)奥拉托利会•15.peal•英[piːl]美[piːl]•n.钟声•v.(使)鸣响•16.pouch•英[paʊtʃ]美[paʊtʃ]•n.小袋;小包;囊状袋•vt.装...入袋中;用袋运输•vi.用袋送信件•17.grope•英[ɡrəʊp]美[ɡroʊp]•v.(暗中)摸索;探索;•18.nook•英[nʊk]美[nʊk]•n.角落;躲蔽处•19.adjoining•英[ə'dʒɔɪnɪŋ]美[ə'dʒɔɪnɪŋ]•adj.毗邻的•动词adjoin的现在分词.•20.furtive•英['fɜːtɪv]美['fɜːrtɪv]•adj.偷偷的•21.imperceptible•英[ˌɪmpə'septəbl]美[ˌɪmpər'septəbl]•adj.感觉不到的;细微的•22.Prie-dieu祈祷台•23.tumult•英['tjuːmʌlt]美['tuːmʌlt]•n.骚乱;嘈杂声;烦乱。混乱•24.recoil•英[rɪ'kɔɪl]美[rɪ'kɔɪl]•v.退却;畏缩;弹回;报应•n.畏缩;弹回;后坐力•25.rend•英[rend]美[rend]•v.撕破;分裂;劈开;强夺•26.asunder•英[ə'sʌndə(r)]美[ə'sʌndər]•adv.分离地;化为碎片•27.expressly•英[ɪk'spresli]美[ɪk'spresli]•adv.清楚地;特意地;专门地•28.repose•英[rɪ'pəʊz]美[rɪ'poʊz]•n.休息或睡眠;安宁•v.休息;将(信赖等)寄托于•29.beatitude•英[bi'ætɪtjuːd]美[bi'ætɪtuːd]•n.至福;祝福;(耶稣所说的)八种祝•30.slumber•英['slʌmbə(r)]美['slʌmbər]•n.睡眠;微睡;休止状态•v.睡觉;打盹;静止;休眠•31.venerable•英['venərəbl]美['venərəbl]•adj.值得尊敬的;庄严的•theVenerable.•adj.(英国国教的)副主教的称;(天主教)被列入可敬的称号•32.halo•英['heɪləʊ]美['heɪloʊ]•n.(日月等)晕;神像之光环•33.divinity•英[dɪ'vɪnəti]美[dɪ'vɪnəti]•n.神性;神;神学•34.august•英['ɔːɡəst]美['ɔːɡəst]•adj.威严的;尊贵的•August.•n.八月•35.sublimity•英[sə'blɪməti]美[sə'blɪməti]•n.壮严;崇高;气质高尚•36.imperiously•英[ɪm'pɪəriəsli]美[ɪm'pɪəriəsli]•adv.专制地;妄自尊大地。必要的•37.abyss•英[ə'bɪs]美[ə'bɪs]•n.深渊;无底洞•38.dash•英[dæʃ]美[dæʃ]•v.猛冲;猛掷;泼溅;匆忙完成•n.破折号;短跑;猛冲;冲•39.mantelpiece•英['mæntlpiːs]美['mæntlpiːs]•n.壁炉台;壁炉架•40.coping•英['kəʊpɪŋ]美['koʊpɪŋ]•n.顶部;顶盖;墙顶•36.imperiously•英[ɪm'pɪəriəsli]美[ɪm'pɪəriəsli]•adv.专制地;妄自尊大地。必要的•37.abyss•英[ə'bɪs]美[ə'bɪs]•n.深渊;无底洞•38.dash•英[dæʃ]美[dæʃ]•v.猛冲;猛掷;泼溅;匆忙完成•n.破折号;短跑;猛冲;冲•39.mantelpiece•英['mæntlpiːs]美['mæntlpiːs]•n.壁炉台;壁炉架•40.coping•英['kəʊpɪŋ]美['koʊpɪŋ]•n.顶部;顶盖;墙顶•46.inarticulate•英[ˌɪnɑː'tɪkjələt]美[ˌɪnɑːr'tɪkjələt]•adj.不善言辞的;含糊其辞的;非言语能表达的;说不出话的•47.perdition•英[pɜː'dɪʃn]美[pɜːr'dɪʃn]•n.•地狱;灭亡Newphrase•1.galleyslave(苦役犯)•2.Yellowpassport(黄色通行证)•3.Truthtotell=tothethetruth•4.atsb’sdisposal(供某人之用)•5.Onthepointof(即将…之际)Discussion1.WhatwassospecialabouttheBishop’ssleep?WhywasJeanterrifiedwhenhesawtheBishop’spaleface?2.Afteraseriousofinnerconflict,whyJeanstillchosetostealandflee?3.IfyouweretheBishop,whatwouldyoudowhengendarmestookJeanback?4.Whatisthemoralofthestory?FinishEmerald&AmilyMostlyfromwikipedia
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