【阅读】2018年-高考英语-北京卷-阅读理解

2018北京卷阅读理解AMyFirstMarathon(马拉松)Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn’tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas“notathletic”.TheideathatIwas“notathletic”stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn’tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces(鞋带)becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!Atmile3,Ipassedasign,“GOFORIT,RUNNERS!Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.Bymile21,Iwasstarving!AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗标签),Icannowcallmyselfa“marathonwinner”.36.Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor.A.waswelltrainedB.feltscaredC.madeuphismindtorunD.losthope37.WhydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?A.Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.B.Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.C.Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.D.Toshareapreciousmemory.38.Howwastheauthor’sfirstmarathon?A.Hemadeit.B.Hequithalfway.C.Hegotthefirstprize.D.Hewalkedtotheend.39.Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A.Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.B.Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.D.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.答案:36-39CCAB2018北京卷阅读理解BFindYourAdventureattheSpaceandAviation(航空)CenterIfyou’relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)istheplacetobe.TheCenteroffersprogramsdesignedtochallengeandinspirewithhands-ontasksandlotsoffun.Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseekingemploymentinengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.Theycometocamp,wantingtoknowwhatitisliketobeanastronautorapilot,andtheyleavewithreal-worldapplicationsforwhatthey’restudyingintheclassroom.Forthetrainees,theprogramsalsooffersagreatwaytoearnmeritbadges(荣誉徽章).AtSpaceCamp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets,learnaboutspacetasksandtrysimulated(模拟)flyingtospacewiththecrewfromallovertheworld.TheAviationChallengeprogramgivestraineesthechancetoearntheirAviationbadge.Theylearntheprinciplesofnightandtesttheiroperatingskillsinthecockpit(驾驶舱)ofavarietyofflightsimulators.TraineesalsogetagoodstartontheirWildernessSurvivalbadgeastheylearnaboutwater-andland-survivalthroughdesignedtasksandtheirsearchandrescueof“downed”pilot.Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportanceofleadershipandbeingpartofabiggertask.Allthisfunisavailableforages9to18.Familiescanenjoytheexperiencetogether,too,withFamilyCampprogramsforfamilieswithchildrenasyoungas7.Stayanhourorstayaweek—thereissomethinghereforeveryone!Formoredetails,pleasevisitusonlineat答案:40-42ADB2018北京卷阅读理解CPlastic-EatingWormsHumansproducemorethan300milliontonsofmorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms’chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊状物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms’stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.“Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,”sheexplains,“Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.”JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.T