公开课祈使句的直接引语和间接引语---副本

DirectandIndirectSpeechofImperativeSentence--祈使句的直接引语与间接引语教学目标1、会判断表示请求和命令的句子；2、掌握祈使句由直接引语转化为为间接引语的方法，解决相关题型。Whatisthedifferenceamongthesentencesbelow:Openthewindow.Pleaseopenthewindow.Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?•Commands(命令):Do/Don’t…….•Requests(请求):Do……,pleaseCanyou……?Couldyou…..?Willyou…….?Wouldyou……?Decidewhetherthesesentencesarecommand(命令)orrequest(请求).•Closethedoorplease.•Getmesomethingtodrink.•Takethedogforawalk.•Canyouspeaklouder?•Wouldyoucleanyourroom.(command)(command)(request)(request)(request)1.“Openthewindow,please,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteacheraskedthestudentstoopenthewindow.2.“Don’topenthewindow,please,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteacheraskedthestudentsnottoopenthewindow.表示请求的祈使句的变成间接引语句型：ask/begsb(not)todosth1)“Pleaseopenyourbook.”theteachersaid.Theteacheraskedmetoopenmybook.2)“Pleasedon’tleaveme.”shesaidtohim.Shebeggedhimnottoleaveher.4)“Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?”hesaid.Heaskedmetoopenthewindow.5)“Comeinandsitdown,please?”shesaid.Sheaskedmetocomeinandsitdown.3)“Pleaseturnoffthelights.”theteachersaidtohim.Theteacheraskedhimtoturnoffthelights.1.“Openthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteachertoldthestudentstoopenthewindow.2.“Don’topenthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteachertoldthestudentsnottoopenthewindow.表示吩咐、命令的祈使句直接引语变间接引语句型：tell/ordersb(not)todosth1)“Openthedoor.”hesaid.2)“Putupyourhand,Lily,”hesaid.3)“Bequiet.”Theteachersaidtothestudents.Hetold/orderedmetoopenthedoor.Heordered/toldLilytoputupherhand.Theteachertold/orderedthestudentstobequite.4)“Don’tsleepinclass.”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteachertoldthestudentsnottosleepinclass.5)“Don’tlaughatothers,Tom”hisparentssaid.HisparentstoldTomnottolaughatothers.6)“Don’ttouchanything.”shesaidtohim.Shetoldhimnottotouchanything.直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词（或从句）。例如：Hesaid,Let’sgotothefilm.→Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.当祈使句是肯定和否定两个句式，转化为间接引语，要用并列连词not…but…如：1、Theteachersaid,“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,lookatyourbooks.”Theteachertoldhisstudensnottolookoutofthewindowbuttolookattheirbooks.2、“Don’tspeakChinese,speakEnglish,”theteachersaidtous.TheteachertoldusnottospeakChinesebuttospeakEnglish.由此看来，当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为动词不定式，并在不定式的前面加上ask,order,tell等转述动词，形成四种结构：tellsb(not)todosth让某人（不）做某事ordersb(not)todosth命令某人（不）做某事asksb(not)todosth要求某人（不）做某事begsb(not)todosth乞求某人（不）做某事Conclusion（结论）当祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，因为祈使句表示“请求”、“命令”等口气，所以祈使句直接引语变为间接引语时不存在时态的变化。但是人称、指示代词、时间、地点状语等的变化还应根据陈述句直接引语变间接引语的方法进行相应的改变。1.“Tom!Don’tdoitthisevening.”Mothersaid.Motherasked/toldTomnottodoitthatevening.2.“Don’tmakemuchnoisehere.”saidtheteacher.Theteachertoldtheboysnottomakemuchnoisethere.祈使句变为间接引语的规律(没有时态的变化)一改（主句谓语动词）二变（呼语变宾语）三加（动词前加to）四去（去掉委婉语气的标志please等）tellsb(not)todosth让某人（不）做某事ordersb(not)todosth命令某人（不）做某事asksb(not)todosth要求某人（不）做某事begsb(not)todosth乞求某人（不）做某事祈使句变为间接引语的句型总结1.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.→He______me_____thewindow.A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closingC.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose2.Hesaid,“Don’tdothatagain.”He_____me_______thatagain.A.saidto;nottodoB.saidto;don’tdoC.told;don’tdoD.told;nottodo3.“Don’tputitonmyhat.”hiswifesaidtohim.Hiswifetoldhim___putiton___hat.A.don’t,hisB.don’t,herC.notto,hisD.notto,her总结：直接引语变间接引语1.陈述句：连接词用that,且在口语中可省略。引述动词用said,told,等。2.一般疑问句：连接词用if或whether，而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether，引述动asked。用陈述语序。3.特殊疑问句：用原句中的疑问词作连接词，用陈述语序。4.祈使句：ask/tell/order/…sb（not）todosth•预习感叹句直接引语和间接引语的转化