《英语虚拟语气》PPT课件

Unit1ArtGrammar:SubjunctiveMoodIftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,noonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique,wewouldnotbeabletoseethemanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous.WithouttheImpressionists,manyofthesepaintingstylesmightnotexist.虚拟语气情景与事实（包括过去、现在或未来）相反，这种语气叫虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。if引导的虚拟条件句Ifsheinvitedmenow,Iwouldgototheparty.假如她现在邀请我参加聚会，我就去。Ifshehadinvitedmeyesterday,Iwouldhavegonetotheparty.假如她昨天邀请我参加聚会，我就去了。Ifsheshouldinvitemetomorrow,Iwouldgotothepart如果她明天邀请我参加聚会，我会去的。if条件句中的谓语动词主句的谓语动词动词用过去形式(be动词用were)should/would/could/might+动词原形1.对现在的虚拟IfIwereyou,Iwould/could/should/mightdothat.IfIhadmoney,Iwould/could/should/mightbuythathouse.IfImetYangLiweiinthefleshnow,Iwould/could/might/should____________.if条件句中的谓语动词主句的谓语动词haddoneshould/would/could/might+havedone2.对过去的虚拟IfIhadknownthatyesterday,Iwould/could/should/mighthavetoldyou.Ifshehadn’teatensomuchcandy,shewouldn’thavehadherteethpulledout.IfI____________busylastnight,I_______________toseethefilmwithyou.hadnotbeenwouldhavegoneIfhe_________morecarefully,he____________________thecaraccidentyesterday.wouldnothavehadhaddrivenIfI__________(know)yourtelephonenumber,I______________________(telephone)youyesterday.hadknownwouldhavetelephonedif条件句中的谓语动词主句的谓语动词1.动词过去式(be动词用were)2.should+动词原形3.wereto+动词原形should/would/could/might+动词原形3.与将来事实相反的假设Ifitshouldrain,thecropsshould/would/could/mightbesaved.IfIbecameweretobecomeshouldbecomeascientistinthefuture,对将来情况的虚拟：Iwouldtrytofindacureforcancer.要是将来我成了一名科学家，我就会努力找出治疗癌症的方法。时间if条件从句谓语主句谓语现在过去将来Fillintheblankswould/could/should/might+动词原形动词过去式(be动词用were)had+过去分词would/could/should/might+have+过去分词would/could/should/might+动词原形1.动词过去式(be用were)2.should+动词原形3.wereto+动词原形1.如果你早来5分钟,你就赶上这趟车了。Ifyou_______herefiveminutesearlier,you_________________thebus.2.如果我现在不忙,我就来帮你了。IfI____notbusy,I__________younow.3.如果明天下雪了,我们怎么办？What______wedoifit____________tomorrow?hadgotwerewouldhelpshouldweretosnowwouldhavecaught1.IfI____amap,Iwouldlendittoyou.A.haveB.hadC.shouldD.would2.Alan_____thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missedIf型特例：省略if的条件从句用法：虚拟条件句中有were,had或should时，可省略if，而把were,had,should放在句首,用倒装结构。(否定句中not不提到前面来)3.Ifyouhadnothelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.2.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdothat.WereIyou,Iwouldnotdothat.Shouldhefailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Hadyounothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.1.______hecome,theproblemwouldbesettled.A.WouldB.ShouldC.ShallD.If2._______,mancouldnotliveatall.A.WereitnotforthesunB.IfitwasforthesunC.HaditnotbeenforthesunD.Ifitshouldn’tbeforthesunBA3.______,everythingwouldhavebeenallright.A.HehadbeenhereB.HerehehadbeenC.BeenherehehadD.Hadhebeenhere4.____fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.A.wouldyoubeB.shouldyoubeC.couldyoubeD.mightyoubeDB时间if条件从句谓语主句谓语现在过去将来Fillintheblankswould/could/should/might+动词原形动词过去式(be动词用were)had+过去分词would/could/should/might+have+过去分词would/could/should/might+动词原形1.动词过去式(be用were)2.should+动词原形3.wereto+动词原形二、虚拟语气特殊句型:１、wish后面的宾语从句中。一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望其谓语动词形式为：wish的宾语从句现在:过去时(did/were)过去:过去完成时(haddone)未来:would/could/might/should+V.(原)IwishIwereabird.Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.IwishIwereastallasYaoMing.Iwish/wishedIhadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。Thepartywasterrible,IwishIhadnevergonetoit.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.和将来相反，用would+动词原形Heisnotamillionairebuthe_____hewere.A.wishesB.hopesC.longsD.believesIwishthatI______visitmyunclethedayaftertomorrow.A.shallB.haveC.wouldD.amgoingtoIwishit______springalltheyearround.A.willbeB.wereC.beD.isIwishI_____tothatuniversitywithyouyesterday.A.wouldgoB.wentC.didgoD.hadgone我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。IwishIweretenyearsyoungernow.我昨天要是遇见他就好了。IwishIhadmethimyesterday.我希望成为一名科学家。IwishIwouldbeascientist.2.wouldratherthat现在:过去:未来:★Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.★IwouldratherIhadn’tcomeyesterday.★Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时3.asif/though+从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时★Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.★Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.★他们就像多年的朋友一样交谈。Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.★他看上去像是醉了。Helooksasifheweredrunk.★她看起来似乎是冰做的。Shelookedasifshehadbeenmadeofice.我们该去睡觉了。4.It’s(about/high)time+that过去时(were)should(不省)+V.你该走了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.5.表示要求、命令、建议的虚拟语气。使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。常见动词:一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即1)insist2)order,command3)advise,suggest,propose4)demand,require,request,askIsuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意：suggest当表示“暗示、表明”讲时，insist表示“坚持说”“坚持认为”之意时，应用陈述语气。suggest表示“建议”，insist表示“坚持要某人做某事”时，用虚拟语气。1)Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody____(obey)therules.2)Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalatonce.obeywasbesent3)Hesuggestedthatwe____(have)ameetingatonce.4)Hispalefacesuggestedthathe____(be)ill.havewas在suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request等名词后的表语和同位语从句