初二-一般将来时讲义

1一般将来时◆一般将来时基本概念一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成，shall用于第一人称，will用于第二、三人称。除英国外的说英语的国家，在陈述句中，即使在第一人称一般也用will，在英国也有这种趋势。在口语中，常用shall,will的缩写形式为’ll,如：I’ll,you’ll等。Shallnot的缩写式为:shan’t,willnot的缩写式为：won’t.肯定句：I/Weshall/willgo.You/He/She/TheyWillgo.否定句：I/Weshall/willnotgo.You/He/She/TheyWillnotgo.疑问句：ShallI/wego?Willyou/he/she/theygo?◆一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow（明天），nextweek（下周），fromnowon（从现在开始）；inthefuture（将来）等。其时间状语有如下几种1）this引导的短语如thisyear2）tomorrow及其相关短语如tomorrowmorning3）next引导的短语如nextmonth4)fromnowon;inthefuture;inanhour等。◆一般将来时五种用法（1）Will/Shall+动词原形表示将要发生的动作或情况。a.Iwill(shall)arrivetomorrow.我明天到。b.Willyoubefreetonight?你今晚有空吗？c.Wewon’t(shan’t)bebusythisevening.我们今晚不忙。①在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。例如：a.Willshecome?她（会）来吗？b.We’llonlystayfortwoweeks.我们只待两星期。c.Themeetingwon’tlastlong.会开不了多久。②在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中，一般使用助动词shall，这时或是征求对方的意见(a)，或是询问一个情况(b)：a.Whereshallwemeet?我们在哪儿碰头？b.Shallwehaveanyclassestomorrow?明天我们有课吗？在这类问句中，近年来也有不少人用will，特别是在美国。例如：HowwillIgetthere?我怎么去？（2）begoingto+动词原形①表示打算、准备做的事。例如：a.Wearegoingtoputupabuildinghere.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。b.Howareyougoingtospendyourholidays?假期你准备怎样过？②表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。例如：a.Ithinkitisgoingtosnow.我看要下雪了。b.There’sgoingtobealotoftroubleaboutthis.这事肯定会有很多麻烦。2③“will”句型与“begoingto”句型区别。前者表示纯粹将来，后者表示打算、计划、准备做的事情，更强调主语的主观意愿。例如：a.TomorrowwillbeSaturday.明天是周六了。b.WearegoingtovisitParisthissummer.今年夏天我们打算游览巴黎。（3）用现在进行时表示。表示位置转移的动词（如：go,come,leave,start,come,go,arrive,reach等），可用现在进行时态表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。如：a.UncleWangiscoming.王叔叔就要来了。b.They’releavingforBeijing.他们即将前往北京。c.I'mleavingforBeijing.我要去北京。(4）用一般现在时表示。①某些词，如come,go,leave,arrive,start,get,stay,live,fly等的一般现在时也可表示根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作.a.Thenewtermstarts(begins)onAugust29th.新学期八月二十九日开学。b.Hegetsoffatthenextstop.他下一站下车c.Thetrainleavesat12:00.火车12点开出。②当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时，时间和条件的状语从句必须用一般现在时表将来。如：a.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgooutforapicnic.如果明天不下雨，我们将出去野餐。b.Turnoffthelightsbeforeyouleave.走前关灯。c.I’llwritetoherwhenIhavetime.我有空会给她写信。(5）“beto+动词原形”和“beaboutto+动词原形”表示将来。①“beto+动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。例如：a.Arewetogoonwiththiswork?我们继续干吗？b.Theboyistogotoschooltomorrow.这个男孩明天要去上学。c.HeistovisitJapannextyear.明年他将访问日本。②“beaboutto+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作，意为：很快，马上。后面一般不跟时间状语。a.Weareabouttoleave.我们马上就走。b.Iamabouttogetup,mum.妈妈,我立刻就起床。◇therebe句型中一般将来时的用法Therewillbe…Thereis/aregoingtobe…a.Thereisgoingtobeabasketballmatchthisafternoon.今天下午将有一场篮球。b.Therewillbeapartyinhishouse.他家有要举行一个聚会。一般现在时练习：一、单项选择()1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe()2.Charlie________herenextmonth.A.isn’tworkingB.doesn’tworkingC.isn’tgoingtoworkingD.won’twork3()3.He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe()4.There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe()5.–_____you______freetomorrow?–No.I_____freethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe()6.Mother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give()7.–Let’sgoouttoplayfootball,shallwe?–OK.I________.A.willcomingB.begoingtocomeC.comeD.amcoming()8.–Whereisthemorningpaper?–I________ifforyouatonce.A.getB.amgettingC.togetD.willget()9.________aconcertnextSaturday?A.TherewillbeB.WilltherebeC.TherecanbeD.Thereare()10.Iftheycome,we________ameeting.A.haveB.willhaveC.hadD.wouldhave()11.He________herabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.A.givesB.gaveC.willgivingD.isgoingtogiving()12.He________tousassoonashegetsthere.A.writesB.haswrittenC.willwriteD.wrote()13.He________inthreedays.A.comingbackB.camebackC.willcomebackD.isgoingtocomingback()14.Ifit________tomorrow,we’llgoroller-skating.A.isn’trainB.won’trainC.doesn’trainD.doesn’tfine()15.–WillhisparentsgotoseetheTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?–No,________（不去）.A.theywilln’t.B.theywon’t.C.theyaren’t.D.theydon’t.()16.Thetrain________at11.A.goingtoarriveB.willbearriveC.isgoingtoD.isarriving()17.We________theworkthiswaynexttime.A.doB.willdoC.goingtodoD.willdoing()18.Tomorrowhe___akiteintheopenairfirst,andthen____boatinginthepark.A.willfly;willgoB.willfly;goesC.isgoingtofly;willgoesD.flies;willgo()19.Thedayaftertomorrowthey________avolleyballmatch.A.willwatchingB.watchesC.iswatchingD.isgoingtowatch()20.There________abirthdaypartythisSunday.A.shallbeB.willbeC.shallgoingtobeD.willgoingtobe()21.They________anEnglisheveningnextSunday.A.arehavingB.aregoingtohaveC.willhavingD.isgoingtohave()22.________you________freenextSunday?A.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;be()23.He________thereattentomorrowmorning.A.willB.isC.willbeD.be()24.________yourbrother________amagazinefromthelibrary?A.Are;goingtoborrowB.Is;goingtoborrow4C.Will;borrowsD.Are;goingtoborrows()25.–ShallIcomeagaintomorrowafternoon?–________（好的）.A.Yes,pleaseB.Yes,youwill.C.No,please.D.No,youwon’t.()26.It________theyearofthehorsenextyear.A.isgoingtobeB.isgoingtoC.willbeD.willis()27.________openthewindow?A.WillyoupleaseB.PleasewillyouC.YoupleaseD.Doyou()28.—Willpeoplelivetobe300yearsold?—_________.A.N