八年级英语-连词-外研社(初中起点)

初二英语连词外研社（初中起点）【本讲教育信息】一.教学内容：连词［教学过程］一.定义与分类（一）连词的定义用于连接单词，短语，从句或句子的词叫连词。在句中不能独立充当句子成分，是虚词。例：LucyandLilyaretwins.（二）连词的分类从语法含义上看，连词主要有两大类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接并列关系的词，词组或分句。从属连词用来引导各种从句。并列连词：and,or,but,so,both…and,either…or,neither…nor从属连词：that,ifwhen,until,after,since,before,whetherassoonas,so…that,such…that,sothat,because,though/although,inorderthat,as…as二.并列连词的用法并列连词可以分为四类：and类，表示并列关系，but类，表示转折关系，or类，表示选择关系，so类，表示因果关系。分述如下：（一）表示并列关系的and类连词1.and“和，并且”，连接并列关系的项例：Shelivesandworksthere.2.both…and…“既……也……”例：BothJimandJackareAmericans.3.either…or…“或者……或者……”连接并列主语时谓语动词一般根据第二个主语的变化而变化。例：EitheryouorIamright.4.neither…nor…“既不……也不……”连接并列主语时谓语动词一般根据第二个主语变化而变化。例：Neitheryounorsheisright.5.notonly…butalso…“不但……而且……”例：Iplaynotonlythepiano,butalsotheviolin.（二）表示转折关系的but类连词。1.but“但是”例：Heisold,buthelooksveryyoung.2.yet“然而”例：Sheisyoung,yetsheisveryclever.3.however“然而”例：Hewantedtogothere,however,hedidn’tknowtheway.4.while“然而”例：Iamgoodatswimmingwhilemyfatherisgoodatskating.（三）表示选择关系的or类连词。1.or“或者，否则”例：YouorIamright.2.otherwise“否则”例：Getupatonce,otherwiseyouwillbelateforschool.（四）表示因果关系的so类连词。1.so“因此，所以”例：It’srainingheavilynow,soIhavetostayathome.2.therefore“因此，所以”例：Shecan’tcomeheretoday,thereforeyouneedn’twaitforher.3.for“因为”例：Thedaysareshortnow,forit’sDecember.三.从属连句的用法（一）引导时间状语从句的从属连句，如when,while,assoonas,as,till,until,since,once,after,before等。1.when“当……时候”，既可表示时间的“某一点”，也可表示“一段时间”。因此主句和从句有时用进行时态，有时用一般时态。例：Hewenttobedwhenhefinishedhishomework.2.while“正当……时候”，表示的是“一段时间”，它引导的从句里的谓语动词不能是点动词，而应是延续性动词。从句中的行为动词应用进行时态。例：Shewasskatingwhileyouwereridinginthepark.3.as“同时”例：Wesangaswedanced.4.since“自从……以来”，从句多用一般过去时，主句多用现在完成时。例：Wehaven’tseeneachothersincewemetlast.5.assoonas“一……就……”例：I’llbuyitassoonasIhaveenoughmoney.注意：当主句是一般将来时态，它引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时态。6.till/until“到……时，直到……才……”。当主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，主句要用否定结构，即not…until/till…，当主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句可用否定结构，也可用肯定结构。例：Iwaitedtillyoucalledme.注意：当主句是一般将来时态时，它引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时态。ItaughtthemEnglishuntil/tilltheyleftthisschool.7.once“一旦……”例：Onceyoumeetme,youwillfindIamafunnyperson.注意：当主句是一般将来时态时，它引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时态。8.after“在……之后”，before“在……之前”。当before引导的从句是过去时态时，主句一般用过去时态完成时态，但也可以用一般过去时态。例：Wewerereallyverytiredafterwevisitedsomanyplaces.Beforeyoucomehere,pleasecallme.（二）引导原因状语从句的从属连词，如because,for,as,since等1.because“因为”，表示直接原因并且强调造成结果的原因。回答why引导的问句时只能用because。例：Becausewearelate,wehavetohurry.2.for“由于……”其引导的从句并不表示原因，而只是为主句中所说的话提供推断的理由并加以解释，用以说明前面所说的话。通常主句在前，且for前常有逗号。例：Shemustbeafraidofsnakesforsheisagirl.3.since“既然……”表示间接或附带的一些显而易见或对方知道的原因，语气比because稍弱。例：Sinceyoulikeit,takeit.4.as的语气最弱，多用于日常会话中，它引导的从句常放在主句前。例：Asitisrainingheavily,you’dbettergotherebytaxi.【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）选择填空：1.Studyhard,_______you’resuretohaveagoodresultintheexam!A.butB.andC.orD.but2.______allofusenjoyplayingcomputergameswecan’tspendtoomuchtimeonthem.A.ThoughB.AndC.ButD.Before3.MysisterandIwereasleep________myparentscamebacklatelastnight.A.andB.whenC.assoonasD.after4.__________youheavyanytrouble,youcancallme.A.IfB.AndC.SoD.Or5.Whichdoyoulikebetter,tea___________water?A.butB.andC.orD.with6.Ilovespring_________therearebeautifulflowerseverywhere.A.andB.soC.thoughD.because7.Themanisveryold,________stillworkshard.A.orB.andC.butD.so8.Youcan________stayathome________goouttoplay.A.either,orB.both,andC.so,thatD.as,as9.NeitherhenorI____ateacher.A.amB.isC.areD.be10.Eitheryouorhe_____swimming.A.likeB.likesC.likingD.tolike11.Ihaven’tseenhim________IleftBeijing.A.sinceB.forC.beforeD.until12.Neitherofus__________afarmer.A.isB.areC.beD.isn’t13.Bothofthem_________books.A.haveB.hasC.isD.am14.UncleWangis________ateacher________adoctor,heisadriver.A.neither,norB.either,orC.not,butD.notonly,butalso15.Ihaven’theardfromBill_________heleftAfrica.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.while16.Weweresinging_______wewerewalking.A.asB.whenC.sinceD.until17.Mikeis________Tom.A.healthythanB.healthierasC.ashealthyasD.sohealthieras18.Hurryup,_________youwillmissthetrain.It’sleavingintenminutes.A.andB.soC.howeverD.or19.________Mr.Smith_________Mr.Busharefarmers.A.Not,butB.Neither,norC.Notonly,butalsoD.Both,and20.Followmeclosely,________you’llgetlostintheforest.A.andBorC.soD.but21.Itisaverylongtime_________Ilastmetyou.A.whenB.thatC.thenD.since22.Theyoungmantraveledallovertheworld_______hehadamanmadeleg.A.becauseB.thoughC.ifD.as23.Inall,therearetwentyEnglishnovels,youcantake_________youlike.A.whateverB.nomatterwhatC.nomatterwhichD.whichever24.LiMingisastudent,_________.A.soamIB.soIamC.sodoID.soIdo25.ShecanspeakEnglish,________.A.socanIB.soIcanC.IcansoD.sodoI26.Youaskedmetogohome,___________.A.soIdoB.soIdidC.sodoID.sodidI27.Heboughtapen,_____________.A.sodoIB.sodidIC.soboughtID.soIbought28.Hehaslivedherefor20years__________helefthishometown.A.whenB.sinceC.whileD.once29.Listentotheteachercarefully,________youcan’tpasstheexam.A.butB.andC.orD.so30.--Doyouknow_________Icouldpasstheexam.--Sorry,I’venoidea.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which31.Herangmeup________heheardofhisaunt’sarrival.A.asB.whileC.whenD.since32.IwaslisteningtoEnglish,________myclassmateswereplayingcomputergames.A.whileB.whenC.soD.for33._______t