决策的脑认知神经机制

X方平1陈满琪XX2姜媛3(1,,100037)(2,,100732)(3,,100084),,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,2,Ernst[1],,,12.1,,,,:1(DLPFC)++++++++(dACC)++++++/(S/IPL)+++++++(STG)++++++/(VL/MPFC)++++++(VACC)++++++(ant.Insula)++++++(Amygdala)++++++(vStriatum)+++++(dStriatum)+++++(preSMA)+++++:+;;,,PPC(Posteriorparietalcortex)[2],,MPFCOFC()ACC,DLPFCACC,,OFCDLPFCACC[3],,,,,DLPFC[4],DLFPC,,,[5-6](OFC),XXX:E-mail:[e-mail]/0640PsychologicalScience2009,32(3):640-642,[7-8]OFC[9][10],IGT(Iowagamblingtask),,[11],,,[12]OFC,,[13]2.2,,,/0,,ACCTaylor[14]ACC,ACC,ACC,MPFCtrial,ACC2.3,,,,Berns,OFCKnutson[5],,,BA10[15],[6/8]Kuntson,,,BecharaIGT,/0FellowIGT,VMPFC,IGT,VMPFCDLPFC,IGT,VMPFCDLPFCDLPFC,OFC,OFCCoricelli,,,OFC[7]3,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Huettel[15],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:641:;,,;,;1ErnstM,PaulusMP,NeurobiologyofDecisionMaking:ASelec-tiveReviewfromaNeurocognitiveandClinicalPerspective.BiologyPsychiatry,2005,58:597-6042ErnstM,NelsonEE,McClureEB,etal.Choiceselectionandrewardanticipation:anfMRIstudy.Neuropsychologia,2004,42:1585-15973KrainAL,WilsonAM,ArbuckleR,etal.Distinctneuralmech-anismsofriskandambiguity:Ameta-analysisofdecision-mak-ing.NeuroImage,2006,32:477-4844DiasR,RobbinsTW,RobertsAC.Dissociationinprefrontalcor-texofaffectiveandattentionalshifts.Nature,1996,380:69-725KnutsonB,TaylorJ,KaufmanMetal.DistributedNeuralRepre-sentationofExpectedValue.TheJournalofNeuroscience,2005,25(19):4806-48126ElliottR,FristonK,DolanR.Dissociableneuralresponsesinhu-manrewardsystems.JournalofNeuroscience,2000;20:6159-61657CoricelliG,DolanRJ,SiriguA.Brain,emotionanddecisionmaking:Theparadigmaticexampleofregret.TrendsinCognitiveSciences,inpress8ChuaHF.Regretanddisappointment:Investigationsintotheroleofemotionsindecisionmaking.DoctoralDissertation.UniversityofMichigan,20069KringelbachML.Thehumanorbitofrontalcortex:linkingrewardtohedonicexperience.NatureReviews,2005,6:691-70210BreiterHC,AharonI,KahnemanDA,ShizgalP.Functionalimagingofneuralresponsestoexpectancyandexperienceofmone-tarygainsandlosses.Neuron,2001,30:619-63911BecharaA,DamasioH,DamasioAR,etal.DifferentContribu-tionsoftheHumanAmygdalaandVentromedialPrefrontalCortextoDecision-Making.TheJournalofNeuroscience,1999,19(13):5473-548112MartinoBD,KumaranD,SeymourB,DolanRJ.Frames,Bias-es,andRationalDecisionMakingintheHumanBrain.Science,2006,313:684-68713McClureSM,LaibsonDI,LoewensteinG,etal.Separateneuralsystemsvalueimmediateanddelayedmonetaryrewards.Science,2004,306:503-507.14TaylorSF,WelshRC,WagerTD,etal.Afunctionalneu-roimagingstudyofmotivationandexecutivefunction.Neuroimage,2004,21:1045-105415HuettelSA,StoweCJ,GordonEM,etal.Neuralsignaturesofeconomicpreferencesforriskandambiguity.Neuron,2006,49(5):765-775TheNeuralBasisofDecision-makingFangPing1,ChenManqi2,JiangYuan3(1DepartmentofPsychology,SchoolofEducationScience,CapitalNormalUniversity,Beijing,100037)(2InstituteofSociology,ChineseAcademyofSocialscience,Beijing,100732)(3DivisionofSportPsychology,BeijingSportUniversity,Beijing,100084)AbstractRecently,neuro-economicspromoteanewangleforprobingdecision-making.sneuralmechanism.Decision-makingde-pendsonthreeprocesses:theassessmentandformationofpreferencesamongpossibleoptions,theselectionandexecutionofanaction,andtheexperienceorevaluationofanoutcome.Asarepeatedprocess,learningduringdecision-makingaffectsthefollowingdecision-making.Adoptingtheaboveasacue,thearticleintegratedresearchresultsfromneuroeconomics,neuraldamageandFMRI,andpre-sentedthedirectionoffutureresearch.Keywordsdecision-making,neuralbasis,prefrontalcortex(654)12SchÊn,Daniele;Boyer,Maud;Moreno,Sylvain;Besson,Mireille;Peretz,Isabelle;Kolinsky,R†gine.(2008),Songsasanaidforlanguageacquisition.Cognition,Vol106(2),Feb2008.pp.975-983.13Jakobson,LornaS.;Lewycky,SamanthaT.;Kilgour,AndreaR.;Stoesz,BrendaM.(2008),Memoryforverbalandvisualmaterialinhighlytrainedmusicians.MusicPer-ception,Sep2008,Vol.26Issue1,p41-55.NewProgressinPsychologicalResearchesonMusicalAuditionZhangRuoshu,GaoXiangping(DepartmentofPsychology,ShanghaiNormalUniversity,Shanghai,200234)AbstractMusicalauditionmeanstheabilitytounderstand,imagineandthinkaboutmusicalimpression.Recentlythepsychologicalresearchesrelatedtomusicalauditionhaveappliedvariousmethodsinvariousaspectsandvigoroulydeveloped.Theobjectsofthesere-searchesincludenormalindividualsaswellasabnormalones.Thecontentsoftheseresearchesconsistofexperimentsofbehaviorandcerebralmorphometry,buttheychieflyfocusontheresearchesoncerebrallocalizationandtheprocessingsystemofcerebralnervebasedonmodernimagingdevices.Thefliedofapplicationalsohasgotmanyachievements.Forexample,itwasprovedthatpleasantmusiccouldbehelpfultoeasingpain,andmusicalinformationcanpromotelanguagelearning.Alsowemadeaconclusionandpredic-tionofthecurrentconditionsofresearch.Keywordsbrainmechanism,musicalaudition,pitch,melody,rhythm,amusia642