专八听力(新)

专八听力“interview”部分常见问题•（1）语音语调：对同(近)音异义词、连读和语调升降带来的意义差别不敏感•（2）语法结构：对虚拟语态、正话反说、逻辑联系语(信号词)不敏感•（3）思维能力：预览题目时抓不准关键词；听到关键信息时不会归纳简化•（4）语篇意识：题目一般与听到的话语顺序一致，但也有些题目需要前后推理，考生往往没有记下前面出现的语篇衔接性结构复习方法•精听真题，摘记重点信息提示语，听到这些提示语时要高度警惕，因为这些提示语过后往往会出现关键信息，这样在听访谈时就可以分清信息的主次，如：•Whenwediscuss…,acriticalpointisoftenignored.•Thisisofcoursewellknown.Whatislessdiscussedis…•Butthepointis…•Well,manypeoplethink…Thefactisdefinitelynottrue.•Well,myrealobjectiontothisideais…Imean,…解题技巧•（1）听前迅速预览选项，选项中相同表达部分看一个就行•（2）挖掘选项之间、题目之间的逻辑关系，迅速预测题目，复原对话★•（3）留意题干中的特殊词汇和结构，如all,only,always,mainly,generally,usedto•（4）听时特别要关注however,but,so等信号词后面的信息•（5）与答案有关的关键信息重复率高（近义表达），注意原话与答案的同义转换•（6）辨明说话人态度，注意字面意思和实际意图是否一致，尤其要留意虚拟语态和表达态度的词汇：supportive,negative,ambiguous,critical,cautious,hesitant…•（7）最后一题若为主旨题，建议放到最前面做好，因为主旨一般出现在访谈开头。•（8）出到“例子用意”一定要听清例子之前的中心句（20122）预备练习•（1）抓关键词•找出以下题干中最为关键的一个词：•Themodernelectronicanti-noisedevices__________.•A.areanupdateversionofthetraditionalmethods.•B.sharesimilaritieswiththetraditionalmethods.•C.areasinefficientasthetraditionalmethods.•D.arebasedonanentirelynewworkingprinciple.•（2）判断真实意图•Well,I’mafraidIdo.ButImightbemistaken.•I’dbesackedifIacceptedyouroffer.•（3）挖掘选项之间的逻辑，答案往往在对立的选项中（两两对立选其一）。•找出对立的选项：•A.Toastmasterswasoriginallysetuptotrainspeakingskills•B.Toastmastersonlyacceptsprospectiveprofessionalspeakers•C.Toastmastersacceptsmembersfromthegeneralpublic•D.Toastmastersisanexclusiveclubforprofessionalspeakers•2010.4.5•（4）挖掘题目与题目之间的逻辑。•2008年的对话讲的是一男一女对兴建机场的看法，其中第一题是：Marydoesn’tseemtofavortheideaofanewairportbecause______.第三题是：FreddyhascitedthefollowingadvantagesforanewairportEXCEPT________.第五题是：WelearnfromtheconversationthatFreddyis________Mary’sideas.A.stronglyinfavorofB.mildlyinfavorofC.stronglyagainstD.mildlyagainst是否可以根据这两道题目，缩小第五题答案的范围？•1.分析真题题目•2.模拟题（自行打印）讲座•复习方法•（1）讲座部分内容与英语专业知识课程相关，如：WritingaResearchPaper(2005)（论文写作）;MeaninginLiterature(2006)（英美文学）;WhatCanWeLearnfromArt?(2007)（欧洲文化入门);ThePopularityofEnglish(2008)（语言学）ParalinguisticFeaturesofLanguage(2010)（语言学）;ClassificationsofCultures(2011)（跨文化交际）等。•（2）练习时，不看填空题，边听边记录要点，拟写讲座纲要，培养概括能力。如一开始有困难，建议以读带听，即快速阅读录音文稿，写出提纲，再对照所需填空的提纲，看自己归纳记录的是否是要点，从而培养对要点的敏感性。•2.解题技巧•（1）听前：根据上下文做完形填空，有效预测讲座要点，明确空格处所填词（组）的词性。•（2）听时：“以听和理解为主，以记为辅”，一定要把握讲座的逻辑走向。明确这些问题：讲座的主旨和意图是什么？分别从哪些方面加以阐述？用了什么例子来佐证哪个要点？有否与同类事物进行对比？在语言形式上，建议抓住讲话人提的问题，列举、举例、转折、强调类逻辑关系表达前后的语句。具体记录时，把中高级口译培训课上讲过的速记方法迁移过来。•（3）听后：每空限填1-3个单词；注意词性转化，单复数，大小写，虚拟语态等问题；保持提纲各级结构平行；少数几格需归纳推断。•3.预备练习•（1）完形填空•借助常识和上下文语境，试对以下提纲中的空格进行完形填空。•Inbusiness,manyplacesadoptacreditsystem,whichdatesbacktoancienttimes.Atpresent,purchasescanbemadebyusingcreditcards.Theyfallintotwocategories:onehas(1)_________use,whiletheotherisacceptedalmosteverywhere.Theapplicationfortheuseofthelatteronemustbemadeata(2)_________.•Advantages:•1.Withacard,itisnot(3)______tosaveupmoneybeforeanactualpurchase.•2.Ifthecardislost,itsownerisprotected.•3.A(4)______andcompletelistofpurchasereceivedfromthecreditcompanyhelpstheownertorememberthetimeand(5)______ofhispurchase.•Major(6)__________:•Thecardowneristemptedto(7)______hismoney.Ifthisisthecase,itwillbecomeincreasinglydifficultfortheusertokeepupwiththerequired(8)______,whichwillresultinthecreditcardbeingcancelledbythecreditcompany.•（2）记录要点：读以下段落，分析语篇组织方法，提炼提纲中的一级要点•Firstofall,whatiswritingaresearchpaperlike?Wemaystartbycomparingittoanordinaryessay,aformofwritingyou’reveryfamiliarwith.Writingaresearchpaperismuchlikewritinganessay.Bothkindsofwritinginvolvemanyofthesamebasicsteps,thatis,choosingatopic,askingquestionstodefineanddevelopthetopic,identifyingtheaudience,gettingrawmaterialtoworkwith,outliningthepaper,writingitandfinallyrevisingit.Thesearethestepssharedbetweenresearchpaperwritingandessaywriting.“Isthereanydifference?”Youmayask.Yes.Whatmakesaresearchpaperdifferentisthatmuchofyourrawmaterialcomesnotfromyouownhead,butfromprintedresources,mainlybooksandperiodicalsinthelibrary.Collectingrawmaterial,thatis,readingbooksandtakingnotesisverymuchliketheprocessofbrainstormingatthepre-writingstageofanordinaryessay.•本段主要介绍研究论文的概况，采用比较论证和举例论证，一级要点如下：•researchpaper&ordinaryessay:•similarinbasicsteps(examples);•differentinrawmaterial(printedresourcesvs.one’shead/mind)•划线部分正是要求考生填空的关键信息。•3.修改提纲•WritingExperimentalReports•I.Contentofanexperimentalreport,e.g.---studysubject/area---studypurpose---(1)results•II.Presentationofanexperimentalreport---providingdetails---regardingreadersas(2)havinglittleknowledge•III.Structureofanexperimentalreport---feature:highlystructuredand(3)discipline---sectionsandtheircontent:INTRODUCTION(4)studysubject;whyyoudiditMETHODhowyoudiditRESULTwhatyoufoundout(5)Discussionwhatyouthinkitshows•IV.Senseofreadership---(6)commonmistake:readeristhemarker---(7)Inreality:readerisanidealized,hypothetical,intelligentpersonwithlittleknowledgeofyourstudy•V.Demandsandexpectationsinreportwriting---earlystage:understandingofstudysubject/areaanditsimplicationsbasicgraspofthereport’sformat---laterstage:(8)paymoreattentiononresearchsignificance•两篇模拟题