英语语法-表语从句

语法飞跃——表语从句ThePredicativeClause定义①Thepersonstoodinfrontofyoujustnowismyheadmaster.②Ididn’tknowthatitwasyouatthattime.③Thedoorremainedclosed.④Mary’sdailyjobiscleaningthehouse.名词充当表语代词充当表语动词过去分词充当表语动词-ing形式充当表语表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的。定义⑤Thehouseisnotonlylargebutalsobeautiful.⑥WhenIwenttoyourhouse,youwereout.⑦Noonewasinthedorm,whenshearrived.⑧MyjobistoteachyouEnglish.⑨Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthathisclockdidn’twork.介词短语充当表语副词充当表语形容词充当表语不定式充当表语从句充当表语1.Thefactistrue.2.Thefactisthatshecried.主语系表语（简单句）主语系表语从句连词从句主语主句从句谓语在复合句中，用来充当表语的句子就叫表语从句表语用来说明主语的身份,性质，特征和状态。常由名词,形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词语或从句充当。（复合句）表语从句①ThefactisthatJackisclever.(Jackisclever.)②TheproblemisthatAlexdoesn’teatcarrots.(Alexdoesn’teatcarrots.)引导词一、连词（引导词）1.当表语从句是陈述句时，连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，但是却不可省略①Myopinionisthatit’sgettingbetterandbetter.②Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.引导词一、连词（引导词）在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea,suggestion,request,proposal等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。引导词一、连词（引导词）2.当表语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether引导，它们在从句中不做任何成分，但因为whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，也不能省略。注意：if不引导表语从句①MyquestioniswhetherLindaisondiet.②MyquestioniswhetherLindacriedyesterday.Exercises•医生真正怀疑的是我母亲是否能很快从重病中康复。•现在的问题是这件事是否值得做。Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtsiswhethermymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.引导词一、连词（引导词）3.当表语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词或者连接副词引导。因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，也不能省略.★连接副词(when,where,how,why)whenever,however,在从句中做状语.★连接代词(what,who,whom,which,whose),whatever,whoever,whichever.在从句中常做主语.宾语.表语.定语Exercises•我的问题是这个女孩是谁.•麻烦的是谁能替代他•那就是他所担心的。•我的建议是他应该减肥。Myquestioniswhothegirlis.Thetroubleiswhocanreplacehim.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.Myadvice/suggestionisthathe(should)loseweight.我的建议是他应该减肥。(loseweigt)引导词一、连词（引导词）4.asif/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词后面。asif/though引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气。(主句一般现在时从句就用过去式。主句是过去式，从句用过去完成时)。Itsoundsasif/thoughsomebodyisknockingatthedoor.Itlooksasifhewereherfather.(与事实不符)Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.Exercises•形势并不像外表所看到的那样。•她看上去很担忧他父母的病情。•他好像疯了似的。Thesituationisnotasitseemstobe.Shelooksasifsheisworriedaboutherfather’sdisease.Itwasasthoughheweremad.引导词一、连词（引导词）5.because和why也能引导表语从句。2个句型。A:Thereasonwhy…isthat…B:It/this/thatiswhy(because)…①Thereasonwasthatyoudon’ttrusther.②Hewasill.That’swhyhewassenttothehospital.③Hewassenttothehospital.That’sbecausehewasill.Exercises1.Thereasonwhyhewaslate______thathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning2.Thereason_____hewaslatewasthathemissedtheearlybus.3.Shewaslatethismorning.Thatwas_________shemissedtheearlybus.waswhybecause表语从句中要注意的几个问题1.在引导表语从句时，不能用if。2.表语从句中，从句用陈述句语序3.当主句的主语是表示建议、命令、要求等的名词时，那么表语从句应该用虚拟语气。例题1：Thequestionis________wewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether例题2：Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof例3:Theproblemis_________totaketheplaceofJohn.A.whocanwegetB.whatwecangetC.whowecangetD.thatwecanget4.I’dliketostartmyownbusiness—that’s_____I’ddoifIhadthemoney.A.whyB.whenC.whichD.what5.I’mafraidhe’smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis_____heneverfinishesanything.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.why1.Thequestionis________wewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether2．Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof3.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s________youleftit.A.whereB.thereC.therewhereD.wherethere4．Theproblemis_________totaketheplaceofTedA.whocanwegetB.whatwecangetC.whowecangetD.thatwecanget5.WhatIwanttoknowis______helikesthegiftgivenbyus.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.不填6.Thereasonis________Imissedthebus.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what