北科大2015年研究生英语口语期末考试

1.WhatisBigBrother?Giveanexample.Anyperson,organization,orsystemthatseemstowanttocontrolpeople’slivesandrestricttheirfreedom.Example:mostofushavecreditcardsandthegovernmentcantraceourdigitaltrailsiftheyneed.3.Whyisitriskytohavemultipleproceduresatonce?GiveanexampleUndergoingmorethanoneprocedurenotonlyprolongsrecoverybutalsoincreasesthetimeapatientisanesthetized,whichcanberisky.Example:JamesMcCormickhaddecidedtogototheFloridaCenterforCosmeticSurgeryinFortLauderdaletonipandtuckhiscrow’sfeet.Hisdoctorrecommendedabrowjobaswellandofferedtothrowinachinimplantatadiscount.McCormickagreedtoalltheproceduresandwasatthefacilitylessthanfourhours.Bythenextday,hewasdead.4.Whyisitbadforchildrentolearntoomuchatanearlyage?Thereisaneurologicaltimetablethatextendsfrombirthintotheseconddecadeoflife.Thebuild-upandacquisitionoftowardsfullbrainmaturationismoremarathonthansprintandnomeasureofextratuitionorearlytraininginanyactivitywillinfluencethisdevelopmentaltimeline.5.Doyouthinkthatfreeonlinelectureswilldestroyuniversities?Universitiesareimportant,andnotjustfortrainingscientists,doctors,andlawyers.Whentaughtwell,thehumanitiescanhelpstudentsthinkbryondthe“how”andintothe“why”—andtheyprovidetheinvaluablegiftofcriticalthinking.They’reusefulskillsforanyjob,andthey’revitalattributesforahealthydemocracy.Freelyavailableonlinelecturesandtextbooksgiveuniversitiestheopportunitytoreducecostsandincreasequality,whilefocusingresourcesonwhatreallymatters:contacttimebetweenteachersandstudents.8.Whyaremannersimportantinourdailylife?Giveanexample.Humanbeingsareessentiallycreaturesofhabits.Ifwewanttobegood,wehavetogetintothehabitofbeinggood.Andhabitsareformedbyconstantrepetitionofbehaviors.Thedailypracticeofcivilityandpolitenesshelps,becauseitreinforcesaregardforothersandconcernfortheirwelfare.Youshouldnotacceptorcontinueaphonecallifashopassistantisservingyou.9.WhatisthemainideaofthebookEssayonthePrincipleofPopulation?Humanpopulation,heobserved,increasesatageometricrate,doublingaboutevery25yearsifunchecked,whileagriculturalproductionincreasesarithmetically—muchslowly.Malthusthoughtsuchcheckscouldbevoluntary,suchasbirthcontrol,abstinence,ordelayedmarriage—orinvoluntary,throughthescourgesofwar,famine,anddisease.