初中英语《阅读理解分析》市级公开课课件

12012年南京中考卷结构、题型、分值、时间分布题类项目题量计分答题时间选择题第一部分人机会话（听力、口语）202420（提前考试）第二部分语言知识运用单项填空15158完形填空101012第三部分阅读理解202035非选择题第四部分填空（单词、词形变化、短文填空）161616第五部分阅读短文任务型阅读101012首字母填空101012第六部分书面表达11525总计82+2096+24120+20得阅读者得天下中考英语阅读试题特点1.体裁丰富：记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文，以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等。2.题材广泛：科普、社会、政治、经济等多方面内容。3.题型多样：信息匹配、阅读回答问题、阅读选择、阅读填表、阅读填词、阅读完成句子、段落排序、阅读判断正误等。4.能力突出：4大类能力考点题型、6种能力要求，以及快速阅读能力等。4能力考点题型分类1）把握文章的事实和细节的能力【说明】针对文章的事实和细节，常见的提问方式有：◆Whichofthefollowingisright/true/wrong/isn’tmentioned?◆ThefollowingareallrightEXCEPT_____.◆Whichofthefollowingistherightorder?◆用What/Which/When/Where/Why/How等提问.……Elenajoggedwithherdadinsomeemptylots.Butthelotswerefullofrocksandrubbish.Oneday,Elenasawasignonthelots.Itsaid,“NewCityPark.”Elenawasexcited.Elenatoldherparentsaboutthesign.“Ireadabouttheparkinthenewspaper,”saidElena’sfather.“Thecitywantsvolunteerstohelpcleanthearea.Thenthecitywillbuildasoccerandaplayground.(2011南京)①HowdidElenaknowthecityneededvolunteerstohelpcleanthelots?A.Herfathertoldheraboutit.B.Shereaditinthenewspaper.C.Shelearneditfromasign.D.Shewastoldbyothervolunteers.细节理解题例1带题查阅速定位，提高答题针对性Extremeironingisaspecialkindofoutdoorsport.Itcombinesdangerandexcitementwithpracticalironing.Thereare,ofcourse,somerulesinextremeironing.Theironingmustbeoutdoors.(2010南京)②Howdoextremeironersfeelwhentheydothesport?A.Theyfeelboredwithextremeironing.B.Theyfeelexcitedalthoughitisdangerous.C.TheyfeelveryfrightenedneatthetopofEverest.D.Theyfeellonelyintheplacesfarawayfromtheirhomes.combine…with细节理解题例2慧眼识别同义句，句式转换藏于心。◆Theworld’sfirstrobotteacherisSaya.Withherhuman-likeface,shecanshowexpressionslikehappiness,surprise,sadness,dislike,fearandanger,whichlookmuchlikearealteacher’s.(2011连云港）③WhatmakesSayalookreal?A.Herfaceandrichexpressions.B.Herclothesandshoes.C.HerwalkingandrunningspeedD.Herrichknowledge细节理解题例3对比题目和原文，句子结构巧分析•带题查阅速定位•紧扣主题排干扰•题文对照细辨伪解题技巧细节理解题2）根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力【说明】要求根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义，常见提问方式有：◆Theword“_____”inthepassageprobablymeans________.◆Theunderlinedword“it”inthepassagerefersto_______.◆What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“______”inthepassage?【说明】词义猜测题考查超纲词含义的推断熟词生义或在特定场合的意思词义猜测并不难把握语境是关键文中信息细分析反复斟酌定答案1.Youshouldn’tblamehimforthat,foritwasn’thisfault.2.Heissohomely,notatallashandsomeashisbrother.词义猜测题例1、2通过因果关系猜词通过反义词猜词v.责备adj.长相一般的，不漂亮的3.Ourgovernmenthastakenactiontobetterthelifeofthevillagers．“better”means“_________”.4.Theirfriendslaughedatthem，andmysistersfeltwretched，veryunhappy．“wretched”means“_________”.unhappyimprove词义猜测题例3、4通过构词法猜词通过同义词猜词5.Todaywasaveryhecticdayforme．Iwokeuplate，hurriedtotheoffice，workeduntilfour，wenttothestore，cookeddinnerandwashedclothes．IdidsomanythingsthatIwascertainlyverytired．“hectic”means“______”busy词义猜测题例5通过上下文语境猜词Hotsunwilldryoutasnail’sbody.Soattheleastsignofhotsun,asnaildrawsitsbodyintoitsshell.Asnailwilldieinaheavyrain.Sowhenitrains,asnaildoesthesamething,too.(2008南京）6.Inthesentence“asnaildrawsitsbodyintoitsshell”,theword“draw”means_____.A.tomakewithapencilB.topushC.topullD.tomoveaway词义猜测题例6熟词生义:关键词对猜测词义的辅助作用1.利用主旨要义。2.利用上下文语境。*同义解释、举例说明、语境暗示、指代、因果推断、前后对比等。3.利用构词法。*派生、合成、转化4.利用经验常识。解题技巧词义猜测题3-1）对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段、各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力【说明】考查句与句之间，短语与短语之间的逻辑关系，常见提问方式有：1)Airpollutionisthemostseriouskindofpollutionbecause_______.2)WhydidthewritergetoffthetraintwostopsbeforeViennastation?3-2）依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力【说明】文中没有直接答案，需要在理解上下文甚至全文的基础上，结合常识进行合理的推断。常见提问方式有：1)Wecanguessthewriterofthelettermanbea______.2)Wecaninferfromthetextthat______.3)Whatwouldbehappyif…?3-3）推断作者意图和态度的能力【说明】此类题目的常见提问方式有：1)HowdidthewriterfeelatViennastation?2)Thewriterwritesthistextto______.3)Thewriterbelievesthat________.4)Thewritersuggeststhat_______.“Doyoubelieveinlifeafterdeath?”Jack’sbossaskedJack.“Yes,sir.”“Well,then,thatmakeseverythingjustfine,”thebosswenton.“Aboutanhourafteryouleftyesterdaytogotoyourgrandfather’sfuneral(葬礼）,hedroppedintoseeyou.”1.Whodoesthestorytellusreallybelieveinlifeafterdeath?A.JackB.Jack’sbossC.Jack’sgrandfatherD.Noone推理判断题例1Henormallygoeshomebetweentwoandthreeo’clockinthemorning.Therearetimeshehastostaylongerandtrytomakemoreruns.Hesaid,“That’stheworstthingaboutworkingforyourself.Ifyoudon’tmakemoney,nooneisgoingtogiveittoyou.”（2011无锡）2.Londontaxidrivertrytomakemorerunssometimesmainlybecause__________A.theymakealivingbydrivingB.theyprefertoworkforthemselvesC.theywanttohelpmorepassengersD.theyareusedtoworkingdeepintothenight推理判断题例2推理判断题例3Whyisn’tyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews？AllIreadaboutisrobbery,disasters,anddeath.Tobehonest,I’msickofallthisbadnews.3.Thiswriteris_____thenewspaperreporting.A.pleasedwithB.patientwithC.notsatisfiedwithD.notangrywith解题技巧推理判断题•推理判断重原文•作者意图记心中•切忌主观乱猜测•回归原文动脑筋4）掌握所读材料的主旨和要义的能力【说明】主要针对段落（或短文)的主题，主题思想，标题或目的，常见提问方式有：1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?2)Inthispassagethewritertriestotellusthat_______.3)Thispassagemainlytalksabout______.Whatdoyoudoifyouaretrappedonalonelyisland?Surelyyouneedtofindawaytogetintouchwiththeoutsideworld.Youbestchanceofdoingthisistodrawtheattentionofapassingplane.•Bodysignals…•Smokesignals…•Ground-to-airsignals…•Pilots’replies…主旨要义题例11.What’sthepass