国内外密码学研究现状及发展趋势

235JOURNALOFCHINAINSTITUTEOFCOMMUNICATIONSMay200220025Vol.23No.51100080TN913A1000-436X200205-0018-09StatusquoandtrendofcryptographyFENGDeng-guoInstituteofSoftwareofAcademiaSinicaStateKeyLabofInformationSecurityBeijing100080,ChinaAbstractInthispaper,statusquoofcryptographyisoutlinedandtrendofcryptographyisanalysed.Keywordscryptography;cryptographicalgorithm;cryptographicprotocol;informationhinding;quantumcipher1HashPKIVPN2002-02-072002-02-27973G1999035802600252051965-51921976RSARabinDiffie-HellmanElGamalDiffie-HellmanElGamalMerkle-HellmanChor-RivestMeEliecefxfxfyff–1yf–1yfRSAElGamalRSA768bitRSA1024bit202048bit512bit160bitIEEEP1363123431977DESDESDESIDEASAFERRCSkipjackRijndaelFEALREDOCLOKICASTKhufuKhafreMMB3-WAYTEAMacGuffinSHARKBEARLIONCA.1.1CRABBlowfishGOSTSQUAREMISTYEmKmFSF22→×k∈SK,E(·,k)mF2mF2E(·,k)D(·,k)y=E(x,k)x=D(y,k)k202002--DES56bit1997128RSARSA56bitDESVerser199731396Internet1997617DESInternetDES1998717(EFF)255656bit(DES)1999RSA24DESDESNIST199712NISTAESAES1998820NIST1519998NIST52000102NISTRijndaelVincentRijmenJoanDaemen20011126NISTAESFIPSPUBS197DESAESAESAESAESNessieSHA-1FIPS140-186312345AES42080905214K-RC4NESSIE5GilbertSimmons198420806RSAElGamal222002Fiat-ShamirGuillou-QuisquarterSchnorrOng-Schnorr-Shamir/DSS/DSADSS7HashHash12128bit34Hash1Davies-PriceCCITTJuenemanDamgardDamgardSchnorrFFT2DESRabinWinternitzQuisquater-GiraultMerkleN-Hash3SHAMD4MD5MD2RIPE-MDHAVALDSASHASHSSHASHA1992131199351119947111995417SHAMD4MD4SHASHASHA264bit160bitHashHashHash5238(1)1984Shamir(2)1986Fiat,SchnorrOkamotoGuillou-QuisquaterFeige-Fiat-Shamir91993X.5094Kerboros(5)1979Shamir2080KMI10PKIVPNPKIpublickeyinfrastructureVPNvirtualprivatenetworkPKIPKIPKICARAPKIPKIBaltimoreEntrustPKIVerySignPKIPKIPKIPKIPKIVPNaccessserverVPNWANWANInternetATMVPNInternetVPNVPN242002VPNIPSecVPNPMIPGPTLSSSLSET111996PatchworkLSBNaorShamir1994ntn12341219701984BB841992B925251993BB8410km199530km1993BB841.1km1.3µm0.54199523km3.41997B9248km199940km67km1995BB84B922000850nm1.1kmBellShorGrover13DNA1412262002345[1]MENEZESAJ,VANOORSCHORPVANSTONES.HandbookofAppliedCryptography[M].NewYork:CRCPress,1996.[2]SCHNEIERB.AppliedCryptography,Protocols,AlgorithmsandSourceCodeinC[M].NewYork:JohnWileyandSons,1996.[3].[M].1999.[4].[M].1999.[5]AES[EB/OL].[6]NESSIE[EB/OL].[7]ADAMSC,LLOYDS.UnderstandingPublickeyInfrastructure:Concepts,Standars,andDeploymentConsideratiods[M].Indiana:MacmillanTechnicalPublishing,1999.[8]KATZENBEISSERS,PETITCOLASFAP.InformationHindingTechniquesforSteganographyandDigitalWatermarking[M].Boston:ARTECHHOUSE,2000.[9]STEVEB,STEPHENB.Cryptography[M].NewYork:McGraw-Hill,2001.