航空航天材料发展现状及前景

30220134SPACECRAFTENVIRONMENTENGINEERING115100048DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-1379.2013.02.001020212060[1-2]21145————————————2013-02-05ZD201944CFRPE-mail:[e-mail]1163041[2]Table1Ahistoryofmaterialsusageinaircraftfuselage11903191921920194931950196941970215212050%152022272470[3]1[2]Rolls-Royce20101Fig.1Ahistoryofaero-enginematerialsdevelopment12021Ti3AlNb3Al/CMCMMC20001600Nb5Si3Ti5Si3Zr5Si3[2-3]206056122Table2Theeconomicbenefitsfrommassreductioninvehiclestructure/(·-1)5030040080030003000021172[4]100///20802B747129725%32ARJ21Fig.2ThelargeintegratedwingwallplateofaluminumalloyforARJ21airplane[5]20502050F-846020%25%70B7473640kg2.5SR-71326212m93%207020%30%4681020030500600118309821000MPa3Ti403Ti40Fig.3Theaero-enginecompressorpartmadeofflame-retardanttitaniumalloyTi40[6]20%40%2090F-2224%F-3536%EF-200043%21B78750%A-38025%A-380XWB52%10%25%DFMdesignformanufactureATLAFPRTM/32065234[7]20901211924460%[7]1400080003000///2gradientfunctionalcomposite[8-9]2100210016001984/44Fig.4Schematicdiagramoffunctionalgradientmaterials412120303203045[9]6mm6[10]37RTM/References[1]MouritzAP.Introductiontoaerospacematerials[M].Sawston:WoodheadPublishingLimited,2012[2],,.[M].:,2001[3].[J].,2011(6):15-17ChenYali.Thestatuesandtrendsofaircraftmaterialsintheworld[J].DualUseTechnologies&Products,2011(6):15-17[4],,,.[M].:,2012[5],,.[M].:,2012[6],.[J].,2010,27(5):552-557TangJianmao,LeeSKL.Recentprogressofapplicationsofadvancedcompositematerialsinaerospaceindustry[J].SpacecraftEnvironmentEngineering,2010,27(5):552-557[7].[J].,2012,29(2)123-128TangJianmao.Currentstatusandtrendoffunctionalcompositesinaerospaceapplications[J].SpacecraftEnvironmentEngineering,2012,29(2)123-128[8]HiraiT,ChenL.RecentandprospectivedevelopmentoffunctionallygradedmaterialsinJapan[J].MaterialScienceForum,1999,308(11):509-514[9],.[J].,2011,30(3):54-59YuLiping,RuanPengyue.Technologyandapplicationofhighperformancethickaluminumalloyplate[J].MaterialsChina,2011,30(3):54-59[10],,,.[J].,2001,15(1):39-42ZhouYusong,WuXijun,ZhouJianying,etal.Advanceinresearchoncarbonnanotubescomposites[J].MaterialsReview,2001,15(1):39-422121AreviewofaerospacematerialsTangJianmao(ChineseMaterialsResearchSociety,Beijing100048,China)Abstract:Thispaperreviewsadvancedaerospacematerials,focusingontheirroleandfeatures.Theperformancesandtheapplicationsofaerospacematerialsarediscussedwithexamples,includingthestructuralmaterials(aluminumalloy,titaniumalloy,advancedcomposite),theaeronauticalfunctionalmaterials(wave-transmittingcomposite,wave-absorbingstealthycomposite),theastronauticalfunctionalmaterials(ablativethermalprotectioncomposite,functionalgradientcomposite).Itispointedoutthatthedevelopmenttrendsofaerospacematerialsareinthedirectionsofhighperformance,compounding,intelligent,andlowcost.Keywords:advancedaerospacematerials;structuralmaterials;functionalmaterials;compositematerials;developingtrend456586201020202013-03-29