新课标高考英语第一轮复习教案第05讲必考词汇5

考点解读1.demand的搭配及其后接从句时的用法2.depend的重要含义3.devote后的介词to及devoted的用法1.defencen.防御，保卫；辩护indefenceof…保卫；为……辩护【联想】defendvt.防御，保卫；辩护defendsb．from/against…保护某人免受……defendoneself自卫，为自己辩护defendoneself/one'sactions/cause为自己/自己的行为/事业辩护defendthegoal防守球门defensiveadj.防御用的，防护用的【例句】1)Theyfightindefenceoftheircountry.=Theyfighttodefendtheircountry.他们为保卫祖国而战。2)Shespokeindefenceofherreligiousbeliefs.=Shespoketodefendherreligiousbeliefs.她为其宗教信仰辩护。状元典例她在法庭上成功地为自己作了辩护。She_________________________successfullyincourt.答案：defendedherself2.delightv.&n.使快乐；快乐givedelighttosb.使某人快乐laughwithdelight高兴地大笑takedelightin(doing)sth.=delightin（doing）sth./delighttodosth.(v.)以(做)某事为乐【联想】delightedadj.欣喜的；高兴的atsth.bedelighted+todosth.that…delightfuladj.使人快乐的;令人愉快的adelightfulholiday令人愉快的假日【例句】1)Toourgreatdelight,thedayturnedoutfine.我们感到高兴的是天气转晴了。2)Hedelightsinteasinghisyoungersister.他以戏弄他妹妹为乐。3)I'mdelightedatyoursuccess/tohearofyoursuccess/thatyousucceeded.我对你的成功/听到你成功的消息/对你已获成功感到很高兴。状元典例________atthesensationhewascreating,Tomkeptonjumpinglikecrazy.A.DelightedB.DelightingC.TobedelightedD.Delight答案：A思路分析：句意：对自己制造的轰动感到很高兴，汤姆在疯狂地不停地跳。bedelightedat对……感到高兴。3.deliverv.递送，发表；接生（小孩）delivernewspapers送报纸deliveraspeech/report发表演讲/作报告deliveroneselfofanopinion发表看法deliverababy接生小孩bedeliveredofababy=givebirthtoababy生小孩【例句】1)Newspapersaredeliveredeveryday.报纸每天都送来。2)Thedoctordeliveredherbaby.医生给她接生。3)Shewasdeliveredofahealthyboy.她生了一个健康的男孩。状元典例Attheopeningceremony,thechairman______aspeechtowelcometheguestsfrommorethantwentycountries.A.deliveredB.spokeC.saidD.stated答案：A思路分析：句意：在开幕式上，大会主席作报告欢迎来自20多个国家的宾客。deliver：(使)发表，讲，例：deliveraspeech;deliveroneselfofanopinion。spoke：只有当“讲……语言”时才接宾语。said和stated均表示说或陈述的内容，依句意选A。4.demandv.&n.要求demandsth.要求(=callfor),需要(=need)demandtodosth.要求做……demandsth.of/fromsb.向某人要求……demandthat…(should)dosth.(虚拟语气)ingreatdemand急需satisfy／meetone’sdemands满足某人的要求要求某人做某事demandofsb.todosth.(√)demandsb.todosth.(╳)【例句】1)Itisimpossibletosatisfyallyourdemands.满足你所有的要求是不可能的。2)Theworkersaredemandingbetterpay.工人要求提高工资。3)Hedemandsthathebetoldeverything.=Hedemandstobetoldeverything.他要求将一切都告诉他。状元典例______intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.A.What'srequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires答案：C思路分析：句意：规则要求你不应该把你的邮件账户的密码告诉他人。此句中it作形式主语，代替后面的that从句，而且that从句内容与require构成被动关系，故C项正确。5.denyv.否认；拒绝denysth.否认某事deny+that从句否认……denythatsth.istrue否认某事属实denysth.tobe…否认某事物是……denyhavingdone／doingsth.否认做过某事【例句】1)Hedeniedknowinganythingaboutit.他否认知道此事。2)Noonecandenythefactthatfireburns.无人能否认火能燃烧的事实。3)Shedeniedthistobethecase.她不承认情况是这样。状元典例Americanwomenwere_____therighttovoteuntil1920aftermanyyearsofhardstruggle.A.ignoredB.refusedC.neglectedD.denied答案：D思路分析：句意：美国妇女经过多年的艰苦斗争直到1920年才有了选举权。deny：否认；不给予。ignore忽视；refuse拒绝;neglect忽视。6.dependvi.依赖,依靠,取决于【例句】Thatdepends./Italldepends.那得看情况。dependon根据，按照dependonit(that从句)打包票，确信dependon/upon取决于，依靠，依赖dependonsb.todosth.依靠某人做某事【联想】dependableadj.可靠的,可信赖的undependableadj.不可靠的dependencen.依赖，信任independencen.独立getindependencefrom…从……获得独立dependentadj.依赖的，需要支持的independentadj.独立的beindependentof独立于……之外【例句】1)Childrendependontheirparentsforfoodandclothing.儿童靠父母供给衣食。2)Alotwilldependonhowsherespondstothechallenge.在很大程度上将取决于她对这一难题的反应。3)Findajobandendyourdependenceonyourparents.找个工作，别再依赖你的父母了。状元典例—Howlongareyoustaying?—Idon'tknow._______.A.That'sOKB.NevermindC.ItdependsD.Itdoesn'tmatter答案：C思路分析：句意：—你要呆多久？—我不知道，看情况吧。C:看情况。A:好吧。B:没关系。D：没关系。7.depositv.&n.(把钱)存入银行,放;存款，定金depositmoneyinthebank把钱存入银行vt.depositsth.withsb.把某物交给某人保管depositthebookonthedesk把书放在桌子上currentdeposit活期存款n.putadepositonahouse给一所房子付定金ondeposit在定期存款的账户上【例句】1)Hedepositedthepaperswithhislawyer.他把文件交给律师保管。2)Hedepositsasumofmoneyinthebankeachmonth.他每月在银行存一笔钱。状元典例Theirvalues_____inthehotelsafe,theyoungcouplewentwindow-shopping.A.depositingB.depositedC.todepositD.havingdeposited答案：B思路分析：句意：把贵重东西存到旅馆的保险柜后，这对年轻夫妇就出去买东西了。考查独立主格作时间状语，values与deposit之间是被动关系，因此答案为B。8.descriptionn.叙述;描写;说明avividdescription生动的描写giveadescriptionof对……加以描述beyonddescription难以描述【联想】describevt.描述【例句】Thepoliceaskedmetodescribeexactlyhowithappened.=Thepoliceaskedmetogiveanexactdescriptionofhowithappened.警察让我描述一下发生的事。状元典例—Whydoyousuggestwebuyanewmachine?—Becausetheoldonehasbeendamaged______.A.beyondreachB.beyondrepairC.beyondcontrolD.beyonddescription答案：B思路分析：句意：—你为什么建议我们买一台新的机器?—因为那台旧机器已经彻底坏了。beyondreach够不着；beyondrepair无法修理；beyondcontrol无法控制；beyonddescription无法形容，难以描绘。9.designn.&vt.设计,绘制,制图;图谋；构思designsb.tobe打算使某人成为……designsth.for/tobe某物做……用bydesign故意地【例句】1)Hisparentsdesignedhimforthearmy,buthepreferredthenavy.他父母打算要他当陆军，但是他却喜欢当海军。2)Cananyonedesignabettertimetable?有人能定出更好的时间表吗?状元典例实验的目的是试验新药。Theexperiment__________testthenewdrug.答案：isdesignedto10.determinev.决定，决心sth.确定某事sb.todo使某人决定做sb.against使某人决定不做determine+on/uponsth.todo决定/下定决心做某事that从句determineadateforameeting确定会议日期【联想】determinedadj.已下决心的,果断的,决然的,坚定的adeterminedperson一个果断的/决然的/坚定的人bedeterminedtodo决心做（表状态，可与表时间段的状语连用）determinationn.决心，决定【例句】1)Theamountofrainfalldeterminesthesizeofthecrop.降雨量决定着收成的好坏。2)Herencouragementdeterminedmetocarryonwith