初中英语冠词用法总结及练习与解析

冠词分为不定冠词（a,an），定冠词（the），和零冠词一.概念冠词是一个虚词,它置于名词之前,限定名词的意义.冠词可分为定冠词,不定冠词和零冠词三类.二.相关知识点精讲不定冠词：1.a用于辅音发音开头的词前,如：abook;an用于元音发音开头的词前，如：anapple,anhour.请区别：ausefulmachine,anumbrella,a“u”,an“h”。2用法1指一类人或事，相当于akindofAplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指Aboyiswaitingforyou.3表示“每一”相当于every，oneWestudyeighthoursaday.4表示“相同”相当于thesameWearenearlyofanage.5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事AMr.Smithcametovisityouwhenyouwereout定冠词：一：the表示特指。表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。thebookinmybagtheboyunderthetreetheapplesinthebasketthehospitalnearmyhome二：可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用。thebooksthebookthericethebreadthefootballtheoldmantheinterestingbooktheteachersthewomen三：用法：1).定冠词的最基本的用法是“特指”：表示某个或某些特定的人或物。Doyouknowthegirlinaredskirt你认识那个穿红裙子的女孩吗？BeijingisthecapitalofChina.北京是中国的首都。ThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.6用于固定词组中Acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,manyatime7用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后Thisroomisratherabigone.8用于so(as,too,how)+形容词之后Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.2).再次提到上文提到过的人或物，应该用定冠词the。例如：Tomhasanapple,Theappleisbigandred.Thereisaboyundertheboyismybrother.3).指谈话双方都知道的人或物。例如：Let’sgoandgiveittotheteacher.咱们去把它交给老师吧。Openthedoor，please!请打开门。4).用于某些固定词组中。例如:inthemorning/afternoon/evening等。5).用在形容词前表示一类人。theold老人theyoung年轻人therich富裕的人thepoor_________thedeaf__________theblind____________6).用在表示“姓”的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。例如：TheWhitesarespendingtheirholidayinEngland.TheGreenscametoChinatwoyearsago.7).用在由普通名词构成的表示场所的专有名词前。theGreatWall长城theSummerPlace颐和园theUnitedStates美国theOctoberRevolution十月革命theChinesePeople’sLiberationArmy中国人民解放军theLongMarch长征8).用在序数词或形容词最高级前ThefirstthingIwanttosayistolistencarefullyinclass.Heisthetallestoneinourclass.9).世界上独一无二的事物等(月亮、地球、天空、宇宙)theglobe太阳系theuniverse宇宙theatmosphere大气层Thesunrisesintheeast.Theearthgoesroundthesun.10).在世纪，年代名词前用冠词。inthe1980s或inthe1980’s20世纪80年代inthenineteenthcentury二十世纪11).在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河前用the。theChangjangRiver长江theWestLake西湖thePacificOcean太平洋12).在介词短语中常用定冠词the，如：inthebox,behindthechair。13).不能用定冠词the的几个方面：(1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如：insummer,inAugust请区别：inthespringof1945.(这里表示特指，故加the)(2)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。如：havebreakfast,playfootball(3)一些固定词组中，如：gotobed,gotoschool,bybus,atnight.14).在有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词意思不同，请注意区别：infrontof在…前面,inthefrontof在…范围内的前部inhospital(生病)住院,inthehospital在医院里。零冠词：一：所谓零冠词，即指不使用冠词的情况：二：用法：1)在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词Thedeskismadeofwood.WhatisworkWorkisstruggle2)国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England，ChinaMaryLilei3).在星期、月份，季节等名词前;SundayMarchsummerwinter4)名词前有物主代词，指示代词，不定代词，名词所有格修饰时(this，my，that，those，these，her)如：thismorningmypenyourwatchwhosebike等5)在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如：havebreakfastplaychessplaybasketball(注意在乐器前必须加定冠词如弹钢琴playthepianoplaytheviolin)6)当by与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词;bybusbytrainbycarbyairbybikebyplane(注意如果用介词on表示乘坐交通工具必须用a或an来表示如inabusonabike等)7)有些个体名词不用冠词;如：school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义;gotohospital去医院看病gotothehospital去医院(并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)练习填空Thereis_______pictureof_______elephanton_______wall．2．Thisis_______usefulbook．I'vereaditfor_______hour．3．_______elephantismuchheavierthan_______horse．4．_______doctortoldhimtotake_______medicinethreetimes_______day．5．Let'sgooutfor_______walk．6．It'stoohot．Open_______door，please．7．Thereis_______womanoverthere．_______womanisMeimei'smother．8．_______sunrisesin_______east．9．_______ChangjiangRiveris_______longestriverin_______China．10．Areyougoingtodoit_______secondtime11．Washingtonis_______capitalof_______USA．12．_______Turnersarelivingattheendof_______TurnerStreet．13．Hejoinedthearmyin_______springof_______1995．14．_______oldmanis_______teacher．Helikesplaying_______basketballafter_______supper．15．AfterIhad_______quickbreakfast，Ihurriedtoschool．16．Are_______sheepkeptby_______farmersforproducing_______wooland_______meat17．Theywentto_______People'sPark，butwebothwentto_______People'sCinemayesterday．18．Ioftenwatch_______TVin_______evening．19．_______dayof_______December20，1999isMonday．20．Tomorrowis_______ChristmasDayandmyfatherandIwenttochoose_______Christmastreetoday．21．Ithink_______mathsismoreimportantthananyothersubject．22．Heoftengoesto_______schoolby_______bike．23．Whatdoesthis_______wordmean，_______Father24．What_______importantnews！选择填空1．—DoesJimhave_______ruler—Yes，hehas_______．A．an；someB．a；oneC．a；／D．any；one2．Thereis_______oldbike．_______oldbikeisMrZhao's．A．an；TheB．the；AnC．a；TheD．the；The3．_______appleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway．A．TheB．AC．AnD．Two4．—Howmanybooksdoyouhave—Ihave_______book．That's_______Englishbook．A．a；anB．a；oneC．one；anD．one；one5．AtthattimeTomwas_______one-year-oldbaby．A．aB．anC．theD．／6．_______tigeris_______China．A．The；aB．A；theC．The；fromD．The；the7．Wecan'tsee_______sunat_______night．A．the；theB．the；／C．a；／D．／；／8．_______usefulbookitis！A．WhatanB．HowaC．WhataD．What9．Oneafternoonhefound_______handbag．Therewas_______“s”onthecornerof_______handbag．A．a；an；theB．a；a；theC．an；an；anD．the；a；a10．_______oldladywithwhitehairspoke_______Englishwellat_______meeting．A．An；an；aB．The；／；anC．The；／；aD．The；／；the11．_______GreatWallis_______longestwallintheworld．A．A；aB．The；theC．A；theD．The；a12