牛津英语6A英语语法(二)一般过去时

牛津英语6A英语语法(二)一般过去时定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。结构：“主语+动词的过去式”用法：1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。Hewashereyesterday.Igotupatsevenyesterdaymorning.Mymotherwasatworkyesterdayafternoon.Didyouhaveagoodtimelastsummer?2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。Mymotheroftenwenttoworkbytaxilastyear.WhenIwasastudent,Ioftenlistenedtomusic.3.常与一般过去时态连用的时间有：atthattime,then,atthatmoment,yesterday,yesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening…)lastnight(week,month,year…),一段时间+ago(severaldaysago),twodaysago,aweekago,threeyearsago…in1990,(in1997…),justnow,longbefore,long,longago二.动词过去式构成规则（一）1、一般在动词原形末尾加–edhelp→helped,look→looked,play→played,work→worked,listen→listened,wash→washed,clean→cleaned,2、结尾是e的动词加--dlive---livedhope---hopeduse---usedlike---liked3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加—edstop---stoppedplan---planned4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加—edstudy---studiedcarry---carriedcry---criedworry→worried(二)动词过去式的读音规则规则动词加-ed的读音:基本规则是轻轻,浊浊,既在轻辅音后加ed读轻辅音/t/。在浊辅音及元音后加ed读浊辅音/d/。例：ask→asked/a:skt/,cook→cooked/kukt/,pass→passed/pa:st/,例：move→moved/mu:vd/,live→lived/livd/,listen→listened/`lisnd/,stay→stayed/steid/在/t//d/之后念/id/,即ed在/t//d/音后面念/id/例：shout→shouted//,start→started/sta:tid/,want→wanted/wantid/,need→needed/`ni:did/(三)不规则动词的过去式：a.过去式与动词原形的拼写形式相同：let→let,put→put,read→read,(注意read的过去式读[red])b.i→a:begin→began,drink→drank,give→gave,ring→rang,sing→sang,sit→sat,swim→swamc.i→o:drive→drove,ride→rode,write→wroted.ow→ew:grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threwe.含ough或augh的：bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought；catch→caught,teach→taughtf.amis---wasare---weredo---didcan---couldcome---came不规则动词的过去式平时出现要留心,逐个熟记,注意积累。三.句型转化1．be动词的过去时的句型如下：(1)否定句：主语+be动词的过去式（was,were）+not…(2)疑问句：be动词的过去式（was,were）+主语…？a.Hewasbusyyesterday.(肯定句)他昨天很忙。b.Hewasnotbusyyesterday.(否定句)他昨天不忙。c.Washebusyyesterday?(疑问句)他昨天忙吗？d.Thereweren’tanyboysintheroom.房间里没有男孩儿。e.Werethereanyboysintheroom?房间里有男孩儿吗？2．行为动词的否定式和疑问式：(1)若肯定句中只有一个行为动词,那就得在行为动词前加上didnot或缩略式didn’t,并把这个行为动词由过去式改为动词原形。例如：a.IcalledLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.→Ididnot/didn’tcallLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.b.IborrowedabookfromSunYanglastSunday.→Ididn’tborrowabookfromSunYanglastSunday.(2)行为动词的一般疑问句若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式,那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形,并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did.例如：a.Westayedtherefor10dayslastmonth.→Didyoustaytherefor10dayslastmonth?Yes,wedid./No,wedidn’t.b.Maryhadadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening.→DidMaryhaveadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening?Yes,shedid./No,shedidn’t练习：一．用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.We______(live)inJapanlastyear.2.Susan_______(stop)thecaronthestreetyesterday.3.Mymother_______(clean)myroomand______(study)fortheEnglishtestlastSunday.4.What______you______(do)lastnight?5.OnSaturdaymorningI_____(play)football.二．用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。(1)May__________(finish)herhomeworkverylateyesterdayevening.(2)HanMei__________(bring)herpettotheparkthatday.(3)Hisfather__________(buy)anewcomputerforhimlastweek.(4)MissDu__________(walk)toworkeverydaylastterm.(5)We__________(move)toShenyang8yearsago.(6)__________you__________(have)breadforbreakfastthismorning?(7)She__________(give)meanicepresentlastnight.(8)Thepolice__________(stop)thecarand__________(catch)thethief(小偷)justnow.(9)Tom__________(carry)waterfortheoldmanlastSaturday.(10)UncleWang_____________(come)intotheroomand__________(find)somethingtoeat.(11).Lily______________(study)intheclassroomfortwohoursandthen_________(leave).(12).Jimmy__________(do)alottoday.He_________(go)shoppingand________(cook)supper.(13).We_________(go)tothecinemalastnight.Thefilm___________(be)verygood.(14).Whattime_________you__________(get)toschoolthismorning?三．按要求变换下列句型,每空一词。(1)WeiFangcleanedtheclassroomanhourago.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定和否定回答)__________WeiFang__________theclassroomanhourago?__________,she__________.__________,she__________.(2)LiHongdidherhomeworkyesterdayafternoon.(改为否定句)LiHong____________________herhomeworkyesterdayafternoon.(3)UncleLidroveatrucktoWuhanthreemonthsago(改成一般疑问句)__________UncleLi__________atrucktoWuhanthreemonthsago?(4)MissGaotaughtthemEnglishlastterm.(对划线部分提问)____________________MissGao____________________English?(5)MrRenalwayswenttoworkonfootlastyear.(对划线部分提问)__________MrGao________toworklastyear？(6)Lucydidherhomeworkathome.（改否定句）Lucy______________herhomeworkathome.(7)Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge.（变一般疑问句)______he___________meatinthefridge?(8)Shestayedthereforamonth.（对划线部分提问）_________________she_____there?(9)Therewassometeainthecup.（变一般疑问句)_____there_____teainthecup?四.选择()1.Thetwo__________inthesameclasslastyear.A.areB.wasC.were()2.---Where__________you?----Iwenttobuysomefoodforsupper.A.aregoB.didgoC.dogo()3.ThestudentsinLiLei’sclass__________onafarmlastweek.A.workB.worksC.worked()4.__________thatworker__________inashoefactoryayearago?A.Do,workB.Did,workedC.Did,work()5.---Haveyoufoundyourpen?----Yes,I__________ittwohoursago.A.foundB.findC.finded()6.__________yourmother__________toworklastSaturday?A.Did,goB.Do,goC.Does,go()7.They__________notlatethedaybeforeyesterday.A.didB.wereC.are()8.__________theyawayfromschoollastOctober?A.DidB.WereC.Do()9.__________you__________toschoollastSunday?A.Did,comeB.Do,comeC.Were,come()10.What__________they______