现在完成时的用法和构成总结

现在完成时的构成和用法现在完成时1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。2.时间状语：yet,already,just,never,ever,sofar,bynow,since+时间点，for+时间段，recently,lately,inthepastfewyears,etc.3.基本结构：主语+have/has+p.p（过去分词）+其他4.否定形式：主语+have/has+not+p.p（过去分词）+其他5.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他6.特殊疑问句：（疑问词+）Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？7.例句：I'vewrittenanarticle.Thecountrysidehaschangedalotinthepastfewyears.8.havebeen与havegone的用法比较havebeentoaplace意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。havegoneto意思是“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。HassheeverbeentoNanjing?她曾去过南京吗？Youhaveneverbeenthere,haveyou?你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？IhavebeentoGuiling,Iwenttherelastyear.我去过桂林，我去年去的。ShehasgonetoNanjing.她已经去南京了。现在完成时专项练习一．单项选择。1.–WhereisMr.Liu?-----He_______thelibrary.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.hasbeenin2.Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,________?A.sotheyB.don’ttheyC.havetheyD.haven’tthey3.IlikeHainan.I________therethreetimes.A.wentB.goC.havebeenD.havegone4.WecametoNanjingthreeyearsago,sowe________hereforthreeyears.A.havebeentoB.havebeeninC.havebeenD.havegone5.-Howlong______you_______yourdictionary?-Abouttwomonths.A.did;buyB.have;getC.have;hadD.have;bought6.Hetellsmehe________Chinaforoverfiveyears.A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasgoneto7.______hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehe_______toChina?A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived8.Hisuncle________formorethan9years.A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtoworkC.haslivedthereD.haslefttheuniversity二、按要求改写句子。9.Hehasneversurfed,__________(改成反意疑问句）?10.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对划线部分提问)__________havetheybeenhere?11.Theoldman_________lastyear.He________forayear.(die)12.Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(改写句子，句意不变)Thisfactory_________fortwentyyears.13.MissGaoleftanhourago.（改写句子，句意不变）MissGao___________an__________hourago.14.TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.（改写句子，句意不变）_________twoyears________theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.15.Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.（改写句子，句意不变）_____________________________________________.三、动词填空：1._____you________(clean)theroom?Yes,we__________(do)thatalready.When_______you______(do)it?We_______(do)itanhourago.2.______he______(see)thisfilmyet?Yes.When_____he_____(see)it?He______itlastweek.3.Howmanytimes_____you______(be)there?4.I__________(read)thenoveltwice.It’sinteresting.5.She_________(go)toPairs,hasn’tshe?Yes.How______she_______(go)there?She_______(go)therebyair.6.Sofar,manycountries_______________(develop)theirsoftwareprograms.7.MrChen______(give)upsmokinglastyear.8.Mrchen__________(give)upsmokingsincelastyear.四、(1)选用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttime.（2）、用Havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin填空1.Mikeandhisparents__________thenorthforhalfayear.2.Mumisnotathomenow.She_________theshop.3.______youever_____toKunming?Never.4.Where_____you______thesedays?5.HasJimarrivedyet?Yes,he_______hereforseveraldays.6.WhereisPeter?Idon’tknowwherehe________.7.HiJim!Where_____you_____?LiLeiislookingforyou.现在完成时练习参考答案：一、1.A2.D3.C4.C5.C6.B7.C8.C二、9.hashe?10.Howlong11.died,hasbeendead12.hasbeenopen13.hasbeenaway14.Itis,since15.Thebushasbeenherefortenminutes.三、动词填空1.Have,cleaned,havedone,did,do,did2.Has,seen,did,see,saw3.have,been4.haveread5.hasgone,did,go,went6.havedeveloped7.gave8.hasgiven四、1）、for2.since3.for4.since5.for6.since2）、1.havebeenin2.hasgoneto3.Have,been4.have,been5.hasbeen6.hasgone7.have,been