牛津英语8B-Unit-2-Grammar

GrammarUnit2TravellingWeusehave/hasbeentoexpresstheideathatsomeonewenttoaplaceandhasalreadycomeback.Itreferstoanexperience.MillieandAmyhavebeentoSouthHill.Theywanttogothereagain.SandyhasneverbeentoSouthHill.Shewantstogowiththem.AUsinghave/hasbeenandhave/hasgoneWeusehave/hasgonetoexpresstheideathatsomeonewenttoaplacebuthasnotyetreturned.KittyandherfamilyhavegonetoHongKong.Theywillcomebacknextweek.Suzyisnotathomeatthemoment.Shehasgonetothebookshop.have(has)beenandhave(has)gonehave(has)gonetosp.表示去了某地，人不在说话的地方，已经到达某地，或在去某地的路上。have(has)beentosp.表示曾经去过某地，人已经从去的地方回来了。如：Where’syourmother?Shehasgonetothesupermarketnearourhome.MyunclehasbeentotheUSforseveraltimes.1.have/hasbeen（to)/gone（to)/been（in）三者之间的区别：have/hasbeento表示当事人曾经去过某地。have/hasbeenin强调当事人在某地待过一段时间。have/hasgoneto说话时当事人不在现场,去了某地。Notes2、三者的常见用法have(has)been(to)+地点+次数have(has)been(in)+地点+段时间/句子have(has)gone(to)+地点3、共同点当后跟地点是副词时，介词省略。•1have/hasbeento+地名去过某地（去过已回来）；•2have/hasgoneto+地名去了某地（还没回来）；•3have/hasbeenin+地名在某地住了有多长。Havebeento/in和havegoneto的区别改错1.—Wherehaveyouevergone?—TheLantauIsland.2.WehavebeentotheUSAformanyyears.3.—HowmanytimeshaveyoubeeninHong-shanZoo?—Twice.4.—Whereisyourmother?—ShehasbeentoAmerica.beenintogoneA1TheClass7,Grade8studentsaretalkingabouttheirclassmatesandfamilies.Helpthemcompletethesentenceswithhave/hasbeenorhave/hasgone.AbouttravelsMillieisn’there.She_________tothelibrary.PeterandSimon______just_____tothelibrary.Theyborrowedsomeinterestingbooks.hasgonehavebeenMycousin__________toXi’antwice.Myparents____________toXi’anandthey'llstaythereforaweek.Danielwontbewithusattheparty.He___________toShanghai.hasbeenhavegonehasgoneDaniel:Ihaven'tseenMrWufordays.Where⑴______he_______(go)?Millie:He⑵________(go)toTianjintoattendameeting.Daniel:(3)______you_______(be)anywhererecently?A2DanielandMilliearechattingataweekend.Completetheirconversationwiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.hasgonehasgoneHavebeenMillie:Yes,I(4)___________(be)toHainanwithmyparents.Daniel:Oh,that'sgreat!(5)______you_______(be)toSanya?Millie:Sure,we(6)__________(be)tothebeachthere.Lookatthesephotos.Daniel:Thebeachisbeautiful.IseeAndyplayingonthesandtoo.havebeenhavebeenhavebeenMillie:Yes.Wewenttherewithhisfamily.Daniel:Isee.Bytheway,shallweinviteAndytogoforapicnictomorrow?Millie:Andyisn'therethisweekend.Heandhisparents(7)_____________(go)tothecountryside.They'llbebacktomorrowafternoon.havegoneWeuseforwhenwetalkaboutaperiodoftime,andweusesincewhenwetalkaboutatimepointinthepast.MrDonghaslivedhereformanyyears.MrDonghaslivedheresincehewasborn.BVerbswithforandsincefor,since常和表示一段时间的状语连用，所以，句子的谓语动词多为延续性动词，强调动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在可能还要持续下去。如：Kittyhaslivedherefortwoyears.for,sinceorago注意：1）since+点时间，for+段时间，如：sincetwohoursago,fortwohours。Shehasworkedheresinceshegraduatedfromschool.WehavelearnedEnglishfortenyears.2.如果是发生在过去的瞬间性动词(comego,leave，open，arrive…)常用含有“ago”的一般过去时。如：Hearrivedheretwohoursago.他是两小时以前到达这儿的。Iturnedoffthelighttenminutesago.我十分钟前关灯的。for,sinceoragoHehasleftBeijingforaweek.HehasnotleftBeijingyet.HehasbeenawayfromBeijingforaweek.Hehasboughtacarsince2007.Hehasnotboughtanynewcarsince2007.Hehashadacarsince2007.Someverbs,suchascome,go,buyandleave,canbeusedinthepresentperfecttense,buttheycannotbeusedwithfororsinceinpositivestatements.×√√×√√Ifwewanttoexpressacontinuousstate,wecanuseanotherwaylikethis:VerbUsedforacontinuousstateExamplebegin/starthave/hasbeenonThefilmhasbeenonfor20minutes.finish/stophave/hasbeenoverTheparadehasbeenoverforhours.come/go/arrivehave/hasbeenin/atKittyhasbeeninHongKongfortwodays.VerbUsedforacontinuousstateExampleleavehave/hasbeenawayShehasbeenawayfromhomesincelastTuesday.borrowhave/haskeptShehaskeptthisbooksincelastweek.joinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenamemberofSimonhasbeenamemberoftheFootballClubsincelastyear.marryhave/hasbeenmarriedTheyhavebeenmarriedfor15years.diehave/hasbeendeadThefishhavebeendeadforsometime.KittyistellingMillieaboutherholidayinHongKongonthephone.Compwhatshesayswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.MoreaboutKitty'stripMyparentsandI⑴_________(arrive)inHongKongonthefirstdayofthewinterholiday.We(2)____________(be)hereforthreedays.arrivedhavebeenI(3)___________(borrow)abookaboutHongKongaweekago.Itsveryuseful.I(4)__________(keep)itwithmeforafewdays.IthelpsmelearnmoreaboutHongKong.NowitsnoonandwereinOceanPark.Thefirstdolphinshow(5)________(begin)at11:30a.m.It(6)____________(be)onforabouthalfanhour.Theshowisreallyexciting.borrowedhavekeptbeganhasbeenon1.Wehavelivedhere_______1990.2.—Howlonghaveyoustudiedhere?—______5years.3.Theboyhashadabadcold______lastnight.4.Ihavewaited____twohours.sincesinceFor用for和since完成句子。for5.Mr.Huanghaskeptthebooks______lastmonth.6.Ihavetaughtintheschool________Icamehere.7.Wehavebeenfriends______alongtime.8.IhavebeeninNanjing________eightyears.sincesinceforfor9.SallyhasbeenawayfromLondon________lastSaturday.10.Ourschoolhaschangedalot______thenewbuildingwasbuilt.11.Tommyhashadthismotorcycle_______threeyears.12.Myparentshavebeenmarried______20years.sincesinceforfor同义句转换。1.Theclasswasovertenminutesago.Theclass________