(完整word版)英语48个国际音标表文档终版

148个国际音标表元音12个单元音长元音[i:][ə:][ɔ:][u:][ɑ:]短元音[i][ə][ɔ][u][æ][e][ʌ]8个双元音[ai][ei][ɔi][iə][ɛə][əu][uə][au]辅音10对清辅音[p][t][k][f][s][θ][ʃ][tʃ][tr][ts]浊辅音[b][d][g][v][z][ð][ʒ][dʒ][dr][dz]3个鼻音[m][n][ŋ]3个似拼音[h][r][l]2个半元音[w][j]Consonants辅音部分（共28个）成对辅音（10对）清辅音浊辅音音标发音字母[p][b][p]ppen,map,paper,apple[b]bbag,job,rubber,baby[t][d][t]ttoy,time,sister,letter[d]ddesk,bed,middle,cleaned[k][g][k]k,c,ck,chbook,cake,clock,school[g]ggo,give,big,egg[f][v][f]f,ph,ghFilm,off,after,phone,elephant,laugh,enough[v]vhave,seven,very,river[θ][ð][θ]thmonth,thank,thin,three[ð]ththis,the,there,than,brother,mother,with[s][z][s]s,c(在e,i,y前)Small,class,face,city,bicycle,voice[z]z,szoo,size,please,lose,busy,girls,plays[ʃ][ʒ][ʃ]sh,sship,wash,English,sure[ʒ]s(ion),s(ure)television,pleasure[tʃ][dʒ][tʃ]ch,tchchair,teacher,match,watch[dʒ]j,ge,dgejeep,job,orange,college,fridge[tr][dr][tr]trtree,trousers,country,try[dr]drdrill,driver,dry,hundred[ts][dz][ts]tsits,seats,visits,cats[dz]dshands,heads,finds,needs2不成对辅音6个清辅音浊辅音发音字母例词[h]h,wh(o)he,[r]r,wrred,grandma,write,wrong[l]l~,~llet,little,ball,ill,child[m]mname,room,money,summer[n]n,knnear,nine,know,knock,knife[ŋ]ng,n(k)long,sing,think,thankmonkey半原音2音发音字母[w]w,whwe,work,why,white,what,where[j]yYear,yes,yellow,yet,young,you注意:1.qu[kw]quick,quite2.X[ks]box,text,exerciseX[gz]exam,example(X后接重读元音)拼读下列单词，注意读准每个音素1.[i:][fri:][kli:n][ði:z][spi:k]['tʃaɪ'niz]['ti:pɔt][wi:]2.[i][bit][bid][intʃ]['finiʃ]['midl][i'levn]['litl]3.[e][frend][nekst]['prezənt][in'sted]['mesidʒ]4.[æ][ræn][blæk][sæd]['hæpi]['græmə]['fæʃən]['tæksi]5.[ɑ:][pɑ:s][ɑ:sk]['ɑ:tist]['bɑ:skit][lɑ:dʒ][grɑ:s]6.[ɔ][lɔst][krɔp][fə'gɔt][ə'klɔk]['dɔktə]['nɔvəl]7.[ɔ:][kɔːt][flɔː]['ɔːtəm]['drɔːiŋ][spɔːt]['wɔːfɛə]8.[u][kuk][fut][stud][ʃud]['wudid]['pudiŋ][ful]9.[u:][ruːm][dʒuːn][blu][skuːl]['truːli][smuːθ]['bjuːti]10.[ʌ]['kʌlə]['rʌʃən]['wʌri]['kʌntri]['ʌŋkl]['mʌðə]['pʌblik]11.[ə:][ə:θ][tə:n][wə:st]['sə:kl]['pə:nsn]['fə:tai]['mə:də]12.[ə][ə'wei][ə'baut][ə'gen]['entə][mə'ʃi:n][kən'dʌktə]13.[ei][sei][eidʒ][neim][mis'teik]['tʃeindʒ][trein]14.[ai][rait][skai][smail][fraitn]['naiðə]['hairəud]15.[ɔi][ɔil][pɔint][nɔiz][in'dʒɔin]['bɔihud][dis'trɔi]16.[əu][nəuz][həum]['nəuwɛə][bəu]['rəubɔt][ɔk'təubə]17.[au][ʃaut][mauθ]['mautin]['hauziz]['flauə]['kraudid]18.[iə][hiə]['riəli]['niəbai]['θiətə][ai'diə]['fiəful]19.[uə][ʃuə][puə][tuə][kjuə]['februəri]['juərɔp]20.[ɛə][hɛə][wɛə][ðɛə]['kɛəful]['mɛəri]['pɛərənt]['ʌn'fɛə]拼读下列音标，正确地读出双音节、多音节中的重音。['leidi]['nɔizi]['præktis][pri'pɛə][iks'kju:s]['fɔ:'ti:n]['ʌpstɛəz]['nʌθɪŋ]['faɪnlɪ]['nesisəri][ri:'kɔ:də][hʌŋ'gɛəriən][,libə'reiʃən][,dɪsə'piə][,ju:ni'və:sitɪ]3英语是一种与汉语有较大区别的拼音文字.我们学习英语,首先应从语音着手,密切关注其音与形的关系。同一个字母,在不同的词中会有不同的读音。这主要取决于这个字母在词中的位置,以及它与前、后的什么字母组合。将这些规律归纳起来，就是读音规则。中学阶段的英语单词有近90%符合读音规则，所以，掌握基本的读音规则，无疑能减少记忆单词的盲目性，提高学习效率和准确性。为过好单词关打下基础。此外，英语有一些特殊读音，必须熟练掌握国际音标，学会运用字母。元音字母基本读音规则一览表元音字母音节类别aei(y)ou重读开音节(发字母名称音)[ei]make,face[i:]we,these[ai]mine,try[əu]go,those[ju:][u:]use,huge,rule重读闭音节[æ]fat,bach[e]tell,bed[i]fish,physics[ɔ]dog,stop[ʌ][u]cup,much,put非重读音节[ə]&[i]About,village[ə]&[i]open,before[i]family[ə]police,today[ə]autumn重读R音节非重读R音节ar[ɑ:]park,car[ə]dollar,sugarer[ə:]term,German[ə]worker,paperir(yr)[ə:]first,dirty[ə]martyr(烈士）or[ɔ:]short,born[ə]doctor，forget,ur[ə:]turn,nurse[ə]surprise双R音节（发闭音节音）arr[æ]carryerr[e]terribleirr[i]mirror(镜子)orr[ɔ]sorryurr[ʌ]hurryRe音节are[ɛə]dare(敢)ere[iə][ɛə]here,whereire[aiə]fire(火)ore[ɔ:]moreure[u:][ju:]sure,pure注意特殊发音:1:在w后面：①a在[w]后读[ɔ]：wantwashwhat但water['wɔːtə]②ar在[w]后读[ɔ:]：warwarmquarter['kwɔːtə]③ar在[w]后读[ə:]:workwordworldworthworseworst2.o的后面是m,n,v,th时，o一般读[ʌ]sonsomecomeonewonlovenothingmother3.u在辅音字母l,r,j后面，u一般读[u:]bluetrueJuneJulyruleruler4.a在many,any,says,said中读[e]4补充：1./i:/“长衣音”发音要领的是:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,舌两侧抵上齿两侧，口形偏平。e:Chineseee:feeling(感情)ei:receive(接到)ea:pleaseie:believe相信2./i/“短衣音”发音要领:发音时舌尖抵下齿，前舌尽量抬高、舌位高于/i/：口形扁平。i:visit参观e:English英语u:busy忙ee:been曾经是y:pretty漂亮的ui:build建造3./ε/([e])“小开口45度”音，简称为“45度”音。发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，舌位比/i:/低；唇形中常，开口度比/i:/大。e:remember记得question问题ea:weather天气,pleasant令人愉快的4./æ/“大开口夸张90度音”发音时舌尖抵下齿；舌前部稍抬高，舌位比/e/更低；双唇成扁平形。a:practice练习relax放松happyfamilybad5.[ə:]重读卷舌音发音时舌中部比发/e/音时略高。双唇扁平。e:earlyir：dirty脏的ere：wereor：world6./ə/“轻读卷舌音”发音时舌身平放，舌中部略隆起，双唇扁平。er：dinner晚餐or：doctore：open打开matter7./a:/“感叹祖国大好山河音”发音时口张大，舌身压低并后缩，后舌稍隆起，舌尖不抵下齿。双唇稍收圆。ear：heartar：far远的are：are8./∧/“经典收小腹减肥急促短啊音。”简称“短啊音”。发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，舌后部靠前部分稍抬起，唇形稍扁，开口度较大。o:money,loveu：fun乐趣oo：blood血液ou：enough足够9./u/“经典收小腹减肥圆唇短乌音”发音时舌后部抬起，舌身后缩，舌尖离开下齿。双唇收圆，稍突出。u:puto：womanoo：lookgoodou：could10.[u:]“小圆唇长乌音”，发音时舌后部尽量抬起。双唇收圆并突出。口形比/u/稍小。ue：blueoe：shoeoo：soonui：fruitoug：through穿过11./f/“唇齿相依摩擦音”俗称“咬唇音”。fun娱乐phone电话enoughlaugh12/v/疯狂外号：“唇齿相依摩擦音”，俗称“咬唇音”。voice声音over超过clever聪明的13./ʃ/“舌端齿龈气擦音”sure当然shouldocean大海education教育nation14./θ/“唯一咬舌音”ThankthousandThursdayhealthynothingbreath15./ð/“唯一咬舌音”thanthattherethoughanothertogetherweather