芬兰区域生态效率研究及其对我国的启示_以芬兰南部Kymenlaakso地区

235Vo.l23No.5201010WorldForestryResearchOct2010*以芬兰南部Kymenlaakso地区为例王妍1,2卢琦2褚建民2熊好琴1(1,,650224;2,,100091):区域生态效率是指某一特定区域内经济发展水平与环境影响价值的比值,是环境经济系统相互作用关系的定量描述,体现了可持续发展的目标文中介绍了生态效率和区域生态效率的概念,概括了生态效率在我国现阶段的应用情况,并通过对芬兰Kymenlaakso地区区域生态效率研究的分析详细介绍了芬兰区域生态效率的计算方法监测与评级机制以及指标体系的建立,从中得出几点启示供我国生态效率研究借鉴,力求为我国现阶段区域生态效率研究提供可行的评价方法和思路:芬兰,生态效率,评价指标,区域生态效率,生态经济评价:F0622:A:1001-4241(2010)05-0058-06ResearchonRegionalEco-EfficiencyinFinlandandItsEnlightenment:ACaseStudyofKymenlaaksoRegionWangYan1,2LuQi2ChuJianmin2XiongHaoqin1(1KeySubjectofSoilandWaterConservation&DesertificationContro,lDepartmentofEnvironmentScienceandEngineering,SouthwestForestryUniversity,Kunming650224,China;2ResearchInstituteofForestryofChineseAcademyofForestry,KeyLaboratoryofForestBreedingofStateForestryAdministration,Beijing100091,China)Abstract:Theregionaleco-efficiencyreferstoratiooftheeconomicdevelopmentleveltoenvironmentimpactvalueinacertainregion,whichisthequantativedescriptionoftheinteractionrelationsinenvironment-economicsystemandrepresentsthegoalofsustainabledevelopmentThisarticleintroducedthedefinitionsoftheeco-efficiencyandtheregionaleco-efficiency,summarizedthecurrentapplicationofeco-efficiencyinChina,andintroducedindetailthecalculation,monitoringandratingmechanismaswellastheestablishmentofindicatorsystemforregionaleco-efficiencyinFinlandthroughtheanalysisofregionaleco-efficiencyresearchinKymenlaaksoareaFinally,severalenlightenmentswereobtainedasreferenceforChinatoconductregionaleco-efficiencyresearch,withtheaimtoprovidefeasibleevalutionmethodsandthethoughtsforthecurrentregionaleco-efficiencyresearchinChinaKeywords:Finland,eco-efficiency,indicator,enlightenment1992(WBCSD)(Eco-efficiency)![1-3],!,:[4],,,!!,*:2010-04-24:(2005DIB4J141);(2006BAD26B01):(1980-),,,E-mai:lwyca@f126com:,,E-mai:lluq@icafacan5,,,:[5][6][7],,[8-9],,,,1Kymenlaakso11,,,,(LIFE-Environment),2002Kymenlaakso(ECOREG),2,,,Kymenlaakso,,Kymenlaakso,,5588km2,185662,,12,,[10],(EE)(1)EE=VI/EI(1),VI,;EI,,(2),S,EE2=VI2/EI2(2)121经济价值增量的计算KymenlaaksoECOREG,(GDP)SNA(SystemofNationalAccounts),,(),,[11](1)(2)122环境影响价值增量的计算ECOREG,Kymenlaakso,Kymenlaakso,,[12],,,,,(EI),(3)EI(S)=∀ni=1WiIi(s)Ni(3),Wi,Ii(s)si,NiiIi(s),(i=1)(i=2)(i=3)(i=2)(i=3),(4)Ii(s)=∀mj=1Ci,j#Loadi,j(s)i=1,2∃(4),Ci,jij,Loadi,j(s)sj,Kymenlaakso,N,(5)5923Ni(s)=∀mj=1Ci,j#Loadi,j(Kymenlaakso)i=1,2∃(5),Loadij(Kymenlaakso)ij13,,,,131环境价值增加指标Kymenlaakso,2:,[12],111CO22N2O3SO24a)b)5a)b)6a)b)7a)b)()c)(Cb/Pb/Hg)8a)b)91011a)b)c)d)e)()1213a)b)14a)b)132经济影响指标Kymenlaakso,,4[11],2605,,,:2,GDPGDPGDPGDP,133社会文化发展指标,,8[13]33653:22000[14]OECD,,,,[15],[16-17],[18],[19][20],,,[19]2020[21],,[22](GDP),[8-9],6123,[23],[24],3KymenlaaksoECOREG,,,,,,,,,,KymenlaaksoECOREG,,,,,,,,KymenlaaksoECOREG,,,2,1423,,,,,,Kymenlaakso,,,KymenlaaksoECOREG/,,2:1);2),,,:1),,;2);3),,,,,,[1]WorldBusinessCouncilforSustainableDevelopment,UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramEco-efficiencyandcleanerproduction:chartingthecoursetosustainability[M]Geneva:WBCSD,1998:3-4[2]WorldBusinessCouncilforSustainableDevelopmentMeasuringeco-efficiency:aguidetoreportingcompanyperformance[M]Geneva:WBCSD,2000:22-23[3]KobayashiY,KobayashiH,HonguA,etalApracticalmethodforquantifyingeco-efficiencyusingeco-designsupporttools[J]JournalofIndustrialEcology,2005,9(4):131-144[4],,[J],2009,22(5):27-33[5]GrantJPlanninganddesigningindustriallandscapesforeco-efficiency[J]JournalofCleanerProduction,1997,5(1):75-78[6]YongGeng,PanZhang,RaymondPAssessmentofthenationaleco-industrialparkstandardforpromotingindustrialsymbiosisinChina[J].JournalofIndustrialEcology,2009,13(1):15-26[7]JouniKorhonen,ThomasPSeagerBeyondeco-efficiency:aresilienceperspectivebusinessstrategyandtheenvironment[J]JournalofIndustrialEcology,2008,17(7):411-419625,,,:[8],[J],2007,27(11):1892-1899[9],:[J],2007,27(8):3124-3131[10]MaenpaaI,MantyEReport2:economicandmaterialflowindicatorsfortheKymenlaaksoRegion[R]ECOREG,2004:34-37[11]MattiM,JyriS,TuuliM,etalKeyresults:measuringregionaleco-efficiency:caseKymenlaakso[R]ECOREG,2004:30-32[12]KoskelaSReport1:EnvironmentalanalysisandindicatorsfortheKymenlaaksoregion[R]ECOREG,2004:33-40[13]RosenstromU,MickwitzPReport3:socialandculturalindicatorssupportingthemeasurementofeco-efficiencyintheKymenlaaksoRegion[R]ECOREG,2004:78-82[14],:OECD[J],2000(1):33-36[15][J],2008(4):8-10,13[16],[J],2008,17(1):1-5[17],[J],2008,29(11):192-194[18],[J],2005(1):20-22[19],[J],2007,25(1):20-24[20],,[J],2006,25(2):78-82[21],[J].,2006,16(5):1-6[22],,,:[J],2005,27(3):418-425[23],[J].:,2008(10):83-86[24]1991-2000[D]:,200663