初二上学期英语知识点总结

初二上学期知识点总结1.冠词a/an/the不定冠词a/an表示不特指，“一”元音用an,辅音用a定冠词the，表示特指Anaccidenthappenedthismorning,agirllostherlifeintheaccident._______maninthephotois________engineer.A.A;aB.The;anC.An;theD.The;a2.介词in,on,by,with,without具体到某一天用介词on，in接大的时间地点，by乘坐某种交通工具With附属成分，“有”，without“没有”—Whendidhearrive________Beijing?—HegotthereMay12th.A.in;inB.at;inC.to;atD.in;onDon'twastewater.Waterisveryimportantandnoonecanlive________it.A．withoutB．withC．expectD．besides3.形容词副词区别：形容词修饰名词代词，副词修饰动词，形容词比较级最高级的变化—IthinkCindyis_______studentinourclass.—Idon’tthinkso.Lindais_______thanher.A.smarter;smarterB.smarter;thesmartestC.thesmartest;thesmartestD.thesmartest;smarter比较级前面可以用much,alot修饰Goingbyplaneis______thangoingbytrain.AlotofcheaperB.muchexpensiveC.muchmoreexpensiveD.alotofmoreexpensive句型，oneofthe最高级+名词复数The+比较级，the+比较级，“越…,越…”--Theweatherishazy(雾霾的)thesedays.That’sterrible.--Yes,weshouldplanttrees.______trees,______airwewillget.A.Themore,thegoodB.Theless,thebetterC.Theless,thegoodD.Themore,thebetter4.情态动词can/cannot,must/mustn’t,need/needn’t,maycan能够cannon不可能--IsthatMr.Wuintheclassroom?–No,it_____behim.Heisintheofficenow.must必须，一定mustn’t禁止，与危险的行为连用--Dad,canIgotothemoviestonight?--Sure,butyou_____comebackhomebefore9o’clock.A.canB.mustC.mayD.mightIt’srainingheavilyandtheroad____bewet.need需要needn’t不必Itdoesn’tlooklikerain,soyou_____bringyourumbrellawithyou.#must和need#肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t--MustIwaittolistentothetapefirst?—No,you_____.You_____dosomeotherexercisesbeforelistening.A.Mustn’t,shouldB.can’t,canC.needn’t,canD.don’thaveto,can’t5.感观动词look,smell,taste,sound,feel(系动词)，后接形容词原形Thekindoffruitcakeisverypopularbecauseit_____verydelicious.A.feelsB.soundsC.tastesD.look6.动词不定式todoPlantoto/expecttodo/wanttodo表目的inordertodo“为了”Inorder____toschoolontime,hehurriedtoschool____hefinishedhisbreakfast.A.toget,withoutB.toget,assoonasC.get,assoonasD.thatgets,whenWendybuiltthiswall_____herhouse.A.protectingB.protectC.toprotectD.protected_______mehealthy,mymumasksmetoeatanappleaday.A.MakesB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making7.let,make使役动词，后接形容词和动词原形Thisnewmachinecanmakeyou______bettersoon.A.tofeelB.feelingC.feelD.feels8.连词so,because,and,but,although/though,unless,untilUnless除非_______youworkharder,youwon’tgetbettergrades.A.UnlessB.SoC.BecauseD.AslongasAlthough/though,尽管，不和but连用—Didyouwinthegameyesterday?—Notreally._______wealltriedourbest,welostit.A.IfB.ThoughC.UnlessUntil直到Thetiredkids________getbackhome________7pm.A．didn't；untilB．not；untilC．doesn't；untilD．aren'tuntil9.花费spend,take,cost,paySpend主语是人，sb.spend(s)/spent+(in)doing/onsth.Take主语是it，做形式主语，真正的主语放在后面用todo形式Cost主语是花钱/时间买的东西或做的事情，过去式costPay和for连用It_____Mr.Greenanhourtoprepareforthemeetingyesterday.Hehadtospendalongtime_____(say)hiswords.---Howmuchdidyou____forthisdress?–It_____meover1000yuan.A.cost,costB.pay,paidC.cost,paidD.pay,costThebookcostme10yuan.=I_______10yuan______(buy)thisbook.=I_________10yuan________thisbook.=It________me10yuan___________(buy)thisbook.=I__________10yuanforthisbook.10.therebe将来时therewillbe/thereis(are)goingtobeThere_________atalkshowonCCTV-3ateighttomorrowevening.A.hasB.willhaveC.isgoingtohaveD.willbe11.howmany/howmuch/howlong/howoften/howsoonHowmany可数名词Howmuch不可数名词Howlong多长时间，回答+一段时间Eg.–________willyoustaythere?–Iwillstaythereforonemonth.Howoften多久一次，询问频率，回答+频率副词always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never—________doesyourfatherplaytennisafterwork?—EveryTuesdayandThursday.A．HowoftenB．HowsoonC．WhereD．WhyEg.--_________doyougoshopping?–Never.Howsoon多久之后，用将来时。回答in+一段时间表将来Eg.--_______willyoucomeback?–Inanhour.12.little/fewlittle不可数名词，比较级lessfew可数名词，比较级fewerBobknowshowtocutthecostoftheproject.I’msurehecandotheworkwith______moneyand______people.A.less;lessB.fewer;moreC.more;fewerD.less;fewer13.beat/winBeat打败某人、某对;Win赢得比赛We_____thesoccerteamfromNo.2MiddleSchooland________thematch.A.beat;wonB.won;beatC.won;wonD.beat;beat14.writedown/cutup，宾语it/them放中间Pleasepeeltwobananasandthen_________.A.cutupitB.cutupthemC.cutitupD.cutthemup15.hundred①具体数字，不加s,fivehundred,ninehundred②不具体的数字，成百的，佳s,hundredsofThereare_______studentsintheprimaryschool.A.twohundredsB.twohundredsofC.hundredofD.hundredsof16.something,everything,anything,somewhere,someone等不定代词形容词修饰不定代词，形容词放在后面I’mgoingtoretire_______inthefuture.A.quietandbeautifulsomewhereB.somewherequietandbeautifulC.quietandbeautifulanywhereD.anywherequietandbeautiful17.动词bore,excite,interest等变形容词，-ed修饰人，-ing修饰事，物Thesejobsare_______,wesometimesget_____whenwedothem.A.bored;boringB.boring;boredC.boring;boringD.bored;bored18.other,another,theother,othersOther其他的，后接名词复数=others,otherstudents=othersanother另一个，不特指anotherway另外一条路，没有具体到哪一条路theother另一个，特指Ihavetwodogs.ThisisCoco,theotherisMini.Asayoungchild,youshouldlearntohelp______.A.othersB.theothersC.theotherD.another19.both/all,either/neither两者“都”用both，三者及以上“都”用all。Bothmyfatherandmymother_______playingtenniswhentheywereyoung.A.likeB.likesC.likedD.tolikeNeither在either前面加了字母n,可以想成是加了no,表示否定。Eitherofthemisteacher.他们中的一个是老师Netherofthemisteacher.他们没有一个是老师，表示否定Either前面用否定句“也“，neither前面用肯定句，“也不”Hedidn’tgotoschoollastweek,Ididn’tg