2020高考英语语法填空解题技巧和方法(共39张PPT)

高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法Youarerequiredtoknow1.Learningaims:掌握考点，利用解题技巧提高语法填空的的得分率。2.Learningkeypoints:理解、识记各考点并在做题中灵活运用。3.Learningdifficultpoints:怎样在解题过程中有效运用各考点和解题技巧。高考题型听力阅读理解七选五完形填空语法填空短文改错书面表达语法填空啦来考纲解读•1.选材:200词左右，话题贴近学生生活。•2.命题形式：纯空格形式（3-4个），有提示词的（5-6个）。•3.考查内容：考生在篇章中综合运用语法知识的能力。•4.考点设置：词法、句法和逻辑关系方面的知识。•5.分值分配：共10小题，满分15分。•6.建议用时：6-8mins10blanks5-6blanks（words）3-4blanks（nowords）verbadj./adv:thecomparativeandsuperlativewordtransform：wordformationnoun：singleorpluralwordtransformconj：and,but,or…clauses(noun、attribute、adverbial)：who,that,what,while,if…pron.：it，they,him,our,themselves…prep：in,on,to,for…article:a/an,theothers:however,therefore，modalverbs，auxiliaryverbs…predicateverb:tense,voice,subject-verbagreementnon-infinitive：-ing，-ed，todo纯空格有提示词根据此表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(1)纯空格题：通常考_______等四类词。一个空格只能填个单词(2)有提示词：通常考_____、_____________________________、________________等。一个空格可以填个单词冠词、介词、代词和连词一动词形容词和副词的比较等级或最高级词类转换一到三（一）有提示词的语法填空1、给出了动词的试题的解题技巧技巧1.句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词,就要考虑时态和语态，时态考虑要瞻前顾后，同时还要兼顾主谓一致以及虚拟语气。考点分析例1.……Thefirstcard____________(design)byGeorgeasacommercialpurpose.wasdesigned例3.……Nobodyknowswhat_____________________(happen)ifshehadrefusedtopay.wouldhavehappened例2.…….Thecountrylifehewasusedto____________（change）greatlysincetheopeningpolicywascarriedout.haschanged考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致以及虚拟语气技巧2.若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用doing形式，done形式，还是todo形式。非谓语的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。例4.Hesawthestone,______(say)tohimself:“Thenightwillbeverydark.”例5.Theheadmasterwentintothelab,________(follow)bytheforeignguests.sayingfollowed考点分析1.联系上下文、判断是_____动词or______动词。谓语动词考虑_____and_____（主动或者被动）及主谓一致。2.非谓语动词考虑三种形式的用法：done_______________,doing_______________，todo________________。谓语非谓语语态时态主动、目的和将来主动、现在和进行被动、过去和完成总结归纳巩固练习1.Iwasdelightedandwasabouttoacceptherproposalwhenshesuggestedwefirst[68]____(go)totheWestLakeandwalkalongtheBrokenBridge.2.Peter___________(leave)forLondononbusinessuponmyarrival,soIdidn’tseehim.3.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar_____________(repair)atthegarage.4.Iwentdownthere,________(pay)mypennyandgotareceipt.paidisbeingrepairedhadleftgo5.Mypupils,[65]________(include)Donnie,adoredher.=Mypupils,Donnie[65]__________(include),adoredher.6.Itremains__________(see)whetherJimwillbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.tobeseenincludingincluded2.词类转换题的解题技巧•[例1]Ina__________(danger)partoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealand,theylearntto…•[例2]Teachersmusttrytheirbesttomakemostoftheirstudents__________(interest)inthesubject.•[例3]Teachersfromallovertheworldgot____________(fascinate)bythebeautifulsceneryofWulong——ourhometownassoonastheyarrivedhereyesterday.技巧1：作表语、定语或宾补，通常用形容词形式。dangerousinterested词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。考点分析fascinated•[例4]…instructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliarwith_______________(inform)inthereading…•[例5]Withthelargenumbersofstudents,the______________(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolveacertainamountofactivity.•[例6]AsfarasIamconcerned,my[62]____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.informationoperation技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。技巧3：在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。suggestion•[例7]Singlesareflocking(涌向)totheInternet64(main)becausetheirbusylifestylesleavethemlittletime…mainly技巧4：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。•[例8]Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis:noknowledgeis________(use).•[例9]Yourmistakecausedalotof___________(necessary)workintheoffice.uselessunnecessary技巧5：词义转换题。词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-,im-，il-,ir-，in-,non-,dis-等，在词根后加-less等。技巧6：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，有可能考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。[例10]…therewasalotofinformationaboutthecity’swell-knowntourist[65]__________(attract)…[例11]…Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris66________(clean)thanever.attraction考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化cleaner1、做表语（系动词之后）、定语（修饰名词）或者宾补（表示性质状态）通常填_________2、做主语或者在及物动词、介词之后作宾语，前面有形容词修饰用______，注意单复数的变化3、修饰整个句子，动词，形容词，副词或者做状语时用_____4、在形容词性物主代词或者“冠词（+形容词）”,名词所有格后用________5、若给出的词是形容词，在句子中修饰动词、形容词的，用它的形式，要不然就用______、______形式6、根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，也有可能是考察与词根的意义相反的派生词，需要在词根前加上im－，in－，dis－，un－，il-,ir-等或者在词根后面加上－less形容词名词副词名词副词最高级比较级总结归纳词类转化题巩固练习1.LucilleCliftonisanaward-winningpoetandwriter.Criticscallheroneofthe_________(great)writersofourtime.2.Afterourplanelanded,wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths__________（early）,butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.3.Itwouldbe___________(believe)thatsuchanhonestmanshouldhavebetrayedhisfriends.greatestunbelievableearlier（二）无提示词的语法填空[Skills]下列情况很可能填______________(1)________+可数名词(单数)；(2)________+形容词+可数名词(单数)。下列情况下很可能填__________：(1)________(+定语)+名词+of等介词短语(表示特指)；(2)________(+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；(3)________(+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。(4)________(+名词)在文中第二次出现(5)________最高级、序数词不定冠词a/an定冠词the•无提示词•名词之前1.冠词考查语法点:定冠词,不定冠词的用法1.He’s___amazingsinger,amusicvideodirector,abusinessownerandhe……2.OnewaythatAmericansdothisiswith__firmhandshake.3.Thisis____lawofAmerican—ofallsuccessfulpeople.4.hourhonestboy_____8-year-oldboyX-rayphoto/umbrella/Americananathean[例1]