2015年职称英语教材新增文章(卫生类A级补全短文)第十二篇

年职称英语教材卫生类的变动比较小，一共只有5篇新增文章。2015年职称英语教材卫生类新增的5篇文章，分布在阅读判断、阅读理解和补全短文：阅读判断综合A新增一篇文章；阅读理解卫生C新增一篇文章；补全短文卫生A、B和C各新增一篇文章。完形填空卫生类整体都没有新增文章。卫生类教材新增文章阅读判断卫生AInquesttoldofhospitalerror阅读理解卫生C第五篇TrackingDownHIV补全短文卫生C第二篇TheHopeChildren’sHospice补全短文卫生B第七篇PoweringNappingisGoodfortheI.Q.补全短文卫生A第十二篇TheenemyWithin卫生A补全短文新增文章第十二篇TheEnemyWithinAllergyhasbecomemoreandmorecommonoverthelast30years.Nowone-thirdofusareaffectedbyallergyatsomepointinourlivesandhalfofthesesufferersarechildren.IntheUK,threemillionpeoplesufferfromasthma,andfivepercentofchildrensufferfromfoodallergy.Allergyisareactionthatoccurswhentheimmunesystemhasastrangeandunnecessaryreactiontoasubstancewhichisnormallyharmless,suchaspollenorpeanuts.____1____To(thesubstancecausingthereaction,suchaspollen,milkorstrawberries).Sometimespeoplecaneatnutsforyearsandthensuddenlybecomeallergictothem.Whathashappenedisthattheimmunesystemhasnowdecidedthesubstanceisdangerousandhasmadeanallergyantibody.Thisantibodythenattachesitselftocells,whichcontainhistamine.____2____Astheydothat,thesurfaceofthecellsisbroken,andhistamineisreleased.Thehistamineandotherchemicalsinflamethetissues.Thisleadstothesymptomsofallergy,suchasswelling,rashes,sneezing,soreeyesandbreathlessness.Anaphylaxisisthemostsevereallergicreactionofallandismostoftentriggeredbywasporbeestingsorpeanuts.Thismustbetreatedimmediately.____3____Somepeoplearebornwiththeabilitytomakelotsofallergyantibodies,andtheyaremorelikelytodevelop词汇：allergyn.过敏，过敏症sufferern.患者，受害者asthman.哮喘substancen.物质pollenn.花粉微生物antibodiesn.antibody的复数形式，意为抗体allergenn.过敏源nutn.坚果histaminen.组织胺，组胺tissuen.人体组织symptomn.病症，征兆rashn.疱疹sneezingn.打喷嚏breathlessnessn.呼吸急促，气喘吁吁anaphylaxisn.全身性过敏反应，过敏反应waspn.黄蜂stingn.蟄，咬hayfevern.枯草热，花粉病additivesn.添加剂，食品添加剂curen.治疗，解药注释：1．sufferfrom...忍受^的折磨2．bedevotedtosth....全身心投入于^练习：ATheimmunesystemistheretoprotectthebodyagainstoutsideattackers,includingviruses,bacteriaandparasites.答案与题解：1．A该是对机体免疫系统功能的介绍，而文中对免疫系统的首次提及是在该选项的上一句话，即描述过敏反应是免疫系统的活动，该选项故而可被视为是对上一句话的补充与说明。2．E本题做题线索有两点，首先是上下文，本段前几句都是对抗体的描述与介绍，故与选项E主题相符，同时第二个做题点为逻辑顺序词，本段的第一句话中提到了Anallergicreactionmaynothappenthefirsttimeasufferermeetsanallergen，而该选项中又有了thenexttime，这两个逻辑顺序词也构成了解题线索。3．C该选项在文章的第四段，讲的是过敏反应在特殊人群中的反应，选项C的意思为“过敏反应是具有遗传性的”，与该段后一句somepeoplearebornwiththeability...相对应。．F文章第五段主要讲的是能导致过敏反应的两个例子，缺少中心句，而选项C恰好能对这两个例子进行概括说明，故答案为选项C。5．B该选项为概括总结项，是对前文说的内容进行总结，该段的前面部分提及的是抗生素与过敏反应之间的关系，即其对于人体免疫系统的影响，而该选项则是一个结果性的描述，即免疫系统变得过于敏感了，其可对前文中抗生素的作用进行总结说明。