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ICS71.100.20J76JB/T8856-2001溶解乙炔设备Dissolvedacetylenesystems2001-05-23发布2001-10-01实施中国机械工业联合会发布I前言1范围····················································································································································································································12引用标准·········································································································································································································13术语····················································································································································································································14压力分等与产品分类···············································································································································································25技术要求·········································································································································································································26试验方法·······································································································································································································117检验规则·······································································································································································································148标志、包装、运输及贮存···································································································································································15附录A(标准的附录)乙炔含水量的测定(重量法)·········································································································16JB/T8856-2001目次II前言本标准是对JB/T8856.1—1999《溶解乙炔设备技术条件》和JB/T8856.2—1999《溶解乙炔设备性能试验方法》的修订与合并。本标准与JB/T8856.1—1999和JB/T8856.2—1999相比,主要技术内容改变如下:——第5章技术要求中增加了5.2,5.3,5.5.2.1,5.5.17,5.5.3.1,5.12等条文。——第6章试验方法和第7章检验规则由JB/T8856.2—1999中的第3章、第4章修改的,并增加了7.1.2条和7.1.3条。同时取消了JB/T8856.1—1999中第6章试验方法和检验规则的6.1条和6.2条。——对原标准中的部分条文内容进行了修改,章条编号相应进行了调整。本标准自实施之日起同时代替JB/T8856.1—1999和JB/T8856.2—1999。本标准的附录A是标准的附录。本标准由机械工业气体分离与液化设备标准化技术委员会提出并归口。本标准起草单位:中国空分设备公司。本标准主要起草人:陈琪、胡水云、罗英成。本标准于1990年10月以ZBJ76020—1990和ZBJ76021—1990首次发布,于1999年4月标准号调整为JB/T8856.1—1999和JB/T8856.2—1999,本次是第一次修订。JB/T8856-200111范围本标准规定了溶解乙炔设备的术语、压力分等与产品分类、技术要求、试验方法、检验规则和标志、包装、运输及贮存等。本标准适用于以电石为原料生产溶解乙炔,其产量等于或大于10m3/h的溶解乙炔设备。管道输送乙炔的乙炔设备,也可参照执行。本标准不适用于石油化工工艺流程中的乙炔设备和国防、铁路、航运系统的专用乙炔设备。2引用标准下列标准所包含的条文,通过在本标准中引用而构成为本标准的条文。本标准出版时,所示版本均为有效。所有标准都会被修订,使用本标准的各方应探讨使用下列标准昀新版本的可能性。GB150—1998钢制压力容器GB6819—1996溶解乙炔GB/T8163—1987输送流体用无缝钢管GB50031—1991乙炔站设计规范GB50058—1992爆炸和火灾危险环境电力装置设计规范GB50235—1997工业金属管道工程施工及验收规范GBJ16—1995建筑设计防火规范GB/T4980—1985容积式压缩机噪声声功率级的测定工程法GB/T7899—1987焊接、切割及类似工艺用气瓶减压器GB/T13306—1991标牌GB/T13384—1992机电产品包装通用技术条件JB4730—1994压力容器无损检测JB/T4735—1997钢制焊接常压容器JB/T9103.1—1999往复活塞乙炔压缩机技术条件JB/T9103.2—1999往复活塞乙炔压缩机性能试验方法《溶解乙炔气瓶安全监察规程》3术语3.1持续产气量(产量)持续产气量指包括装料和排渣时间在内,不少于8h正常工况下的工作周期,一台乙炔发生器平均中国机械工业联合会2001-05-23批准中华人民共和国机械行业标准溶解乙炔设备DissolvedacetylenesystemsJB/T8856-2001代替JB/T8856.1—1999JB/T8856.2—19992001-10-01实施JB/T8856-20012每小时的乙炔产气量。3.2分解爆炸乙炔在分解或燃烧后,所形成的火焰以低于声速向未反应的气体侧传播,此时称为分解爆炸。分解爆炸所产生的压力可达到初压的9~11倍。3.3爆震乙炔在分解或燃烧时所形成的火焰,继续以高于声速(有时往往是几倍声速)的速度向未反应过的气体侧传播,此时称为爆震,爆震后的压力可高达初压的数十倍或更大。3.4昀高许可压力溶解乙炔设备在设计时考虑设备允许承受的昀高压力(试验压力),即为昀高许可压力。3.5昀高工作压力溶解乙炔设备工作时允许达到的昀高压力。3.6工作压力溶解乙炔设备正常操作时的压力。工作压力不得超过昀高工作压力的0.91倍。3.7管道溶解乙炔设备各单元机组内部连接的乙炔管道。包括设备的吹除管、安全排放管和冷却器管。不包括设备之间和厂房间连接的乙炔管道。3.8设计使用寿命溶解乙炔设备设计时,应根据介质对材料的腐蚀速率及相关因素来确定的使用年限。4压力分等与产品分类4.1压力分等溶解乙炔设备中各系统按所承受的不同工作压力,分为三个等级:低压:小于或等于0.02MPa;中压:大于0.02MPa且小于或等于0.15MPa;高压:大于0.15MPa。4.2产品分类溶解乙炔设备根据乙炔发生器不同的工作压力可分为低压和中压两大类;低压溶解乙炔设备其乙炔发生器的工作压力小于或等于0.02MPa;中压溶解乙炔设备其乙炔发生器的工作压力大于0.02MPa且小于或等于0.15MPa。5技术要求5.1溶解乙炔设备性能指标按表1规定。5.2设计计算压力溶解乙炔设备必须按昀高许可压力作为设计计算压力,作盛水试验的溶解乙炔设备按昀高工作压力,并应考虑附加载荷(如灌水、风、梯子等)进行设计计算。5.3许用应力溶解乙炔设备受压部件凡用昀高许可压力作为计算压力时,受压部件材料的许用应力应小于或等于材料屈服点的90%。JB/T8856-20013表1名称单位性能乙炔产量m3/h大于或等于设计值乙炔纯度%(V/V)≥98磷化氢乙炔质量硫化氢—10%硝酸银试纸不变色乙炔含水量g/m3≤1乙炔提取率%≥90可靠性有效度%≥92噪声dB/(A)≤84注:产量换算按:温度20℃,压力101.325kPa。5.4材料5.4.1制造溶解乙炔设备的材料必须能承受机械、化学和热负荷,与乙炔、电石渣、净化剂接触的材料不得产生危险性的化学反应。5.4.2除5.4.4~5.4.8外,凡与乙炔接触的零部件不得采用下列材料:a)铜和含铜量大于70%的铜合金;b)银和银合金;c)与未经净化处理含有碱或氨的乙炔相接触的铝、镁、锌及其合金;d)玻璃和玻璃制品;e)品位低于HT150的灰铸铁。5.4.3凡与丙酮或其他溶剂接触的密封圈、垫片、薄膜等零件的材料必须具有耐丙酮或其他溶剂的性能。5.4.4过滤网、格栅和其他大面积与乙炔接触的零部件不得使用铜合金,包括含铜量小于70%的铜合金。5.4.5锌仅可以用于防腐表面的镀层。5.4.6与乙炔接触的钎焊缝宽度不大于0.3mm,可以使用含银小于41%和含铜小于20%的焊料。5.4.7玻璃制品仅允许用于低、中压设备的窥视镜、液面计、U形压力计等。5.4.8发生器加料系统可用铝衬垫。5.5结构5.5.1乙炔发生器5.5.1.1乙炔发生器及加料系统应设有气体置换装置,并保证容器内所有空间能置换干净。加水系统应设置空气清除装置。5.5.1.2电石入水式低压乙炔发生器设计时,应考虑在瞬时产量达到持续产气量200%时也不得出现超过规定的温度和压力。5.5.1.3乙炔发生器允许的工作温度:a)电石入水式低压发生器的水温不得超过80℃;JB/T8856-20014b)注水式中压发生器在发气室出口处乙炔气温度不得超过90℃;c)乙炔发生器宜采用双金属温度计测量温度,其表盘面直径应大于或等于100mm。5.5.1.4乙炔发生器及其附属设备的设置应考虑不得积聚冷凝水,或相应配备收集和排放冷凝水装置,且要便于气体的置换。5.5.1.5乙炔发生器在工作状态时,在昀高工作压力下应保持密封,不得有乙炔泄漏。5.5.1.6排渣装置应符合如下要求:a)排渣装置必须能畅通地排出电石渣浆和块状电石渣。低压发生器中的自动排渣管应有防止产生压力升高和产生虹吸的措施;b)排渣管的截面应能使乙炔发生器设计的昀大许可粒度电石或硅铁顺利地排放出去。注水式
本文标题:JBT 8856-2001 溶解乙炔设备
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