“无缝隙”项目管理

2010PMI中国年会关于“无缝隙”项目管理上海交通大学林少培教授上海交通大学林少培教授[e-mail]2010年10月28日2010年10月28日2010PMIChinaAnnualConferenceOFllPjtOnFlawlessProjectManagementManagementByProf.LinShaopei,ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityOctober28,2010Beijing,China内容提纲Contents内容提纲•大型项目的管理特点TheCharacteristicsofProjectManagementforMegaProject•“无缝隙”项目管理理论TheoriesofFlawlessProjectManagementTheoriesofFlawlessProjectManagement•工程项目“无缝隙”管理方法“Flawless”ManagementforProjects•案例分析CaseStudies案例分析CaseStudies•“无缝隙”项目管理应用前景•Perspectivesof“Flawless”ProjectManagement大型项目的管理特点大型项目的管理特点TheCharacteristicsofProjectManagementforMegaProjectManagementforMegaProject大型工程建设与制造项目的特点CharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjectsCharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjects周期长，各种要素形成生产瓶颈重视各各阶段的均衡生产，尤其是关键资源构成的瓶颈。要缩短生产周期，流程的各个环节要环环紧扣，物流管理（供应链）成最大问题流管理（供应链）成最大问题。Longproductiondurationwithmulti-bottlenecksgpEvenproductionineachstageofprojectimplementationispursuedBottleneckwillformedimplementationispursued.Bottleneckwillformedbydifferentkeyresourceshortages.Itisimportantandcriticalthatthelogisticspgmanagementofprocurementaswellasthesupplychainofdifferentnodesinproceduralprocessesshouldtightlyengagedwitheachothershouldtightlyengagedwitheachother大型工程建设与制造项目的特点ChtitifMCtti&MftiPjtCharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjects施工周期短，进度紧,工种多，多专业工种交叉，工序安排挑战安排挑战，管理协调难.要求“空间上分道”“时间上有序，并努力协调各方，在计划上和施工过程时实施“并行工程”。Shortprojectduration,tightschedule,multi-professionalinteractionwillformachallengeindltThtfproceduralarrangement.ThemanagementofcoordinationinprojectimplementationisdifficultincompromisingofdifferentstakeholdersincompromisingofdifferentstakeholdersBesides,“sequentialintime”and“trackinginspace”arerequired.Forthereasonofshorteningdtifk“lllii”iildurationofwork,“parallelengineering”principleisadopted.大型工程建设与制造项目的特点CharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjectsCharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjects构件重大，劳动强度大，安全挑战严峻典型的重工业作业环境恶劣焊接挥发性物质烟工业。作业环境恶劣。焊接，挥发性物质，烟尘污染；高空作业，触电，大型重物起吊，爆炸等引发安全问题炸等引发安全问题。Safetychallengeinheavyloading,liftingandygyg,gintensivelabor.SeriousinHSE(HealthSafetyandEnvironment)problems.Suchasldihdiihihdwelding,hazardgasemission,highanddangerworkingcondition,electricalpenetrationexplosionetcpenetration,explosionetc.大型工程建设与制造项目的特点CharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjectCharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProject劳动密集，技术密集，质量要求高涉及方方面面专业技术。而且技术更新快，国际上技术竞争反映在相关的规范不断更新，国际机构的监管也越来越严格，从业人员的技术培训和更新相应也非常严格。来越严格，从业人员的技术培训和更新相应也非常严格。Laborconcentration,technicalconcentrationandhighqualityrequirementVariousprofessionalhighqualityrequirement.Variousprofessionaltechniquesarerequired,technicalcompetitionisshowninquickrefreshmentofcorrespondingcodesandspecifications.Supervisionismoreseriousthanbeforeincludingupdatingoftechnologyandtrainingofrelatedstaffsinvolved.technologyandtrainingofrelatedstaffsinvolved.大型工程建设与制造项目的特CharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjectsggj施工受气侯影响大，现场变更多下雨露天严禁焊接；大风下吊车不能开动，湿度温度不合适，很多工艺就也不能进行。Influencedbyclimate,muchsitevariationWeldingisprohibitedduringraining,Craneoperationshouldbeterminatedunderwindoperationshouldbeterminatedunderwind,temperatureandhumidwillstopcertaintechnologicaloperationstechnologicaloperations.大型工程建设与制造项目的特点CharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjectsCharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjects多种业主主体，沟通工作复杂大型项目和产品的干系人多，协调工作就显得很重要，尤其是和业主的协调、对外购件供应商的管理，直接关系到项目和产品的进度很多项目均为跨国项目鉴于系到项目和产品的进度，很多项目均为跨国项目，鉴于文化的差异和人为因素的影响，沟通管理的成本要增加，协商谈判的要求也很高。Multi-clientsComplicateCommunicationMegaprojectandproductusuallypossessmulti-Megaprojectandproductusuallypossessmulti-clientsandstakeholders,itcomplicateseffectivecommunicationmanagementoftheproject,suchtlitttdliDtastoclients,contractorsandsuppliers.Duetoglobalizationoftheproject,humanfactormayseriouslyaffecttotheircommunicationandtheseriouslyaffecttotheircommunicationandthemanagementcostsmybehigher,andrequirementsinnegotiationmaybealsoii大型工程建设与制造项目的特点CharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjectsCharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjects对采购物流供应链要求高差对采购物流供应链要求高差大型项目和产品其配套设备的进口比重可能高达70-80%，其供应商管理和供货的进度、质量、服务均必须保证。其供应商管和供货的度质服务均须保如何保证产品采购物流供应链，成为很多项目的重要制约因素。RequirementsinProcurementSupplyChainFormegaprojects,70-80%areoutsourcingcomponentssuppliermanagementshouldcomponents,suppliermanagementshouldguaranteeprocurementlogisticstobeontime,ingoodqualityandgoodservice.Itisaconstraintftftithtlitifactorforguaranteeingtheprocurementlogisticssupplychaincanbeoperatedsmoothly.大型工程建设与制造项目的特点CharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjects要求管理科学化、现代化、信息化每个项目工作量大对计划和派工管理提出每个项目工作量大，对计划和派工管理提出高要求，一定要用计算机和专用软件管理才能实现能实现。RequirementsinModernandITManagementITtechnologyincludingspecificsoftwareITtechnologyincludingspecificsoftwareareusedineverymegaprojectmanagementmanagement大型工程建设与制造项目的特点CharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjectsCharacteristicsofMegaConstruction&ManufacturingProjects多项目的项目管理企业按项目来管理，其特点是多项目和并行运作。所以多项目管理是一个重点，项目周期较长，风险大，如何均衡协调资源，非常重要。Multi-ProjectManagementForenterprisem