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MoneyandBankingFundamentalsofBusinessChapter61-2McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.AllrightsreservedTopicscoveredWhatismoney?Whatdoesmoneydo?TypesofmoneyThefinancialsystemMoneysupplyandtheFederalReserveSystem1-3McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.AllrightsreservedWhatismoney?PropertiesorCharacteristicsofMoneyAnyitemwhichisgoingtoserveasmoneymustbe:a)acceptabletopeopleaspayment;可承兑性b)durableandstandingthewearandtearofrepeatedtransactionsduringcirculation.耐用性c)stableandabletokeepitsvalue稳定性d)divisiblewithoutanylossofvalue可分割性e)portableandnottooheavytocarry.可携带性1-4McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.AllrightsreservedWhatismoney?Definition:Moneyissomethingwhichpeoplegenerallyacceptinexchangeforagoodsoraservice.1-5McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.AllrightsreservedFunctionsofMoneya)amediumofexchangeforbuyinggoodsandservices;充当交换媒介b)aunitofaccountforplacingavalueongoodsandservices;计算单位c)astoreofvaluewhensaving;价值储藏1-6McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.AllrightsreservedTypesofMoneyM-1,whichincludesthemostliquid(spendable)formsofmoney:currency,demanddeposits,andother“checkable”deposits.M1包括最具流动性的货币种类：现金、活期存款和其他可以开支票的存款。1-7McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.AllrightsreservedTypesofMoneyM-2,whichconsistsofeverythinginM-1plustimedeposits,money-marketmutualfundsandotheritems,whichcannotbespentdirectlybutcanbeeasilyconvertedtospendableforms.广义的货币定义M2，包括M1、定期存款、货币市场共同基金和可兑换的其他形式。1-8McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.Allrightsreserved货币市场共同基金（MoneyMarketMutualFunds，简称MMMFs）共同基金是将众多的小额投资者的资金集合起来，由专门的经理人进行市场运作，赚取收益后按一定的期限及持有的份额进行分配的一种金融组织形式。而对于主要在货币市场上进行运作的共同基金，则称为货币市场共同基金。1-9McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.Allrightsreserved货币市场共同基金是一种特殊类型的共同基金，是美国20世纪70年代以来出现的一种新型投资理财工具。购买者按固定价格（通常为1美元）购入若干个基金股份，货币市场共同基金的管理者就利用这些资金投资于可获利的短期货币市场工具（例如国库券和商业票据等）。1-10McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.AllrightsreservedM-1Currency,demanddeposits,andother“checkable”deposits包括可流动的一切货币形式：现金、活期存款和其他可用支票变现的存款。1-11McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.AllrightsreservedCurrencyPapermoneyMetalcoins1-12McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.Allrightsreservedchecks1-13McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.AllrightsreservedDemanddeposit1-14McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.AllrightsreservedM-2Timedeposit定期存款优点：Highinterestrates利息高缺点：nocheckscanbewrittenagainstthemandpriornotice不能开支票，提款之前需要预先通知1-15McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedForeignLanguageCollegeCopyright©2007byXiaopingZhang.AllrightsreservedM-2Money–marketfunds货币市场基金由投资者所有，但由投资公司代表投资者经营.这些资金用来投资低风险的短期有价证券，由此产生的利润或损失由投资者分担。货币市场基金提供的利率很有竞争力，而且流动性好，可以开支票，这种投资吸引很多消费者放弃传统的储蓄和支票帐户。1-16McGrawHill/IrwinCopyright©2003byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.AllrightsreservedIrwin/McGrawHillCopyright©2003b