心理学专业英语词汇

1心理现象mentalphenomenon心理过程mentalprocess心理状态mentalstate心理活动mentalactivity意识consciousness心理维度psychologicaldimension心理运动psychomotor内部活动internalactivity普通心理学generalpsychology实验心理学experimentalpsychology行为科学behavioralscience心身关系mind-bodyrelation心理机能定位localizationofmentalfunction心理能动性mentalactivism外周论peripheralism先天理论nativistictheory强调遗传素质决定人心理的产生与发展。遗传heredity目的论teleology认为生物和人类的活动受一定目的的引导。活动activity活动理论activitytheory认知心理学cognitivepsychology认知cognition相对于情感、意志等心理过程的所有认识过程的总称。包括知觉、注意、表象、学习记忆、问题解决、思维和言语等心理过程。认知过程cognitiveprocess认知结构cognitivestructure元认知metacognition2认知失调cognitivedissonance认知地图cognitivemap认知技能cognitiveskill认知方式cognitivestyle信息information信息论informationtheory信息加工informationprocessing信息加工心理学informationprocessingpsychology信息加工理论informationprocessingtheory信息加工模型informationprocessingmodel中央处理器模型centralprocessormodel信息储存informationstorage信息提取informationretrieval人工智能artificialintelligence,AI计算机类比computeranalogy计算机模拟computersimulation计算机模型computermodel唯心主义心理学idealisticpsychology意动心理学actpsychology唯意志论voluntarism唯灵论spiritualism强调超自然精神作用。心灵学parapsychology心灵决定论psychicdeterminism心灵致动psychokinesis,PK心理技术学psychotechnics内省introspection内省法introspectivemethod直觉主义intuitionalism3条件反射conditionedreflex,CR非条件反射unconditionedreflex经典性条件作用classicalconditioning工具性条件作用instrumentalconditioning操作性条件作用operantconditioning操作主义operationalism操作性定义operationaldefinition斯金纳箱Skinnerbox迷箱puzzlebox强化reinforcement二级强化secondaryreinforcement强化理论reinforcementtheory反馈feedback生物反馈biofeedback次级控制secondarycontrol皮肤电传导skinconductance皮肤电反应galvanicskinresponse测谎器liedetector心理物理学psychophysics心理物理学方法psychophysicalmethod评定量表法ratingscalemethod阈限threshold,limen刺激阈限stimulusthreshold绝对感受性absolutesensitivity绝对阈限absolutethreshold差别感受性differentialsensitivity差别阈限differentialthreshold最小可觉差justnoticeabledifference,J.N.D极限法limitmethod4下限lowerlimit差别阈限法differentiallimenmethod上差别阈upperdifferencethreshold下差别阈lowerdifferencethreshold调整法methodofadjustment不确定间距intervalofuncertainty恒定刺激法methodofconstantstimulus次数法frequencymethod等距法methodofequalinterval最小变化法methodofminimalchange递增系列ascendingseries递减系列descendingseries预期误差anticipationerror等级法rankingmethod数值评估法methodofmagnitudeestimation分段法fractionationmethod误差error平均误差法methodofaverageerror恒定误差constanterror偶然误差accidentalerror主观相等点pointofsubjectiveequality,PSE正误法methodofrightandwrongcases二分法methodofdichotomicclassification双重分离doubledissociation消除法methodofelimination阶梯法staircasemethod对偶比较法methodofpairedcomparison单一刺激法methodofsinglestimulus费希纳定律Fechner'slaw5韦伯分数Weberfraction韦伯比例Weberratio韦伯定律Weber'slaw韦伯-费希纳定律Weber-Fechnerlaw幂函数定律powerfunctionlaw史蒂文斯定律Stevens'law对数定律logarithmiclaw刺激变量stimulusvariable标准刺激standardstimulus近端刺激proximalstimulus等距变量equalintervalvariable顺序变量ordinalvariable反应变量responsevariable被试变量subjectvariable反应response反应偏向responsebias自然实验naturalexperiment开窗实验experimentofopenwindow双盲实验doubleblindexperiment准实验quasi-experiment实验设计experimentaldesign实验组experimentalgroup,EG控制组controlgroup,CG又称“对照组”。控制control控制变量controlledvariable独立组设计independentgroupdesign组内设计within-groupdesign组间设计between-groupdesign6匹配组设计matched-groupdesign拉丁方设计Latinsquaredesign随机组设计randomgroupdesign混合设计mixeddesign反应时reactiontime,RT简单反应时simplereactiontime选择反应时choicereactiontime选择时间selectiontime辨别反应时discriminativereactiontime迫选法forced-choicemethod口头报告verbalreport自我观察self-observation观察法observationalmethod模拟法simulationmethod印象法impressionmethod传记法biographicalmethod访谈法interviewmethod问卷法questionnaire表情法methodofexpression有无法yes-nomethod提示法anticipationmethod抽象分析法methodofabstractanalysis信号检测理论signaldetectiontheory信号检测signaldetection信号噪声分配signal-to-noisedistribution似然比likelihoodratio内部噪声internalnoise正确否定correctrejection击中hit7肯定判断affirmativejudgement虚报falsealarm接受者操作特征曲线receiveroperatingcharacteristiccurve,ROCcurve等感受性曲线isosensitivitycurve感觉sensation感觉道sensemodality跨通道匹配cross-modalitymatching感觉运动sensorimotor感觉适应sensoryadaptation感觉剥夺sensorydeprivation感觉阈限sensorylimen感觉属性attributeofsensation感觉器官相互作用interactionofsenseorgans感官特殊能量说lawofspecificsenseenergy特殊神经能量specificnerveenergy特异说theoryofidiosyncrasy视觉vision瞳孔pupil人工瞳孔artificialpupil视网膜retina物体大小objectsize网象大小retinalsize视网膜对称点correspondingretinalpoints两个视网膜重叠起来彼此重合的点。注视点fixationpoint视角visualangle视野visualfield视野计perimeter中央视觉centralvision8中央窝视觉fovealvision用眼睛中央窝的视网膜区注视物体所产生的视觉。周边视觉peripheralvision盲点blindspot中心盲centralscotoma可见光visiblelight强度intensity照度illuminance视网膜照度retinalilluminance明度brightness明度对比brightnesscontrast亮度luminance视见函数luminosityfunction又称“光亮度函数”。亮度对比luminancecontrast亮暗比light-darkratio视觉阈限visualthreshold能见度visibility能见度曲线visibilitycurve等能光谱equalenergyspectrum光谱光效率曲线spectralluminousefficiencycurve明视觉photopicvision暗视觉scotopicvision视觉适应visualadaptation明适应brightadaptation暗适应darkadaptation暗适应曲线darkadaptationcurve马赫带Machband对比contrast9同时对比simultaneouscontrast浦肯野现象Purkinjephenomenon颜色视觉colorvision颜色color彩色chromaticcolor非彩色achromaticcolor光谱色spectralcolor基色fundamentalcolor补色complementarycolor原色primarycolor三原色threeprimarycolors三色视觉trichromatism表面色surfacecolor立体色bulkycolor又称“膨胀色”。容量色volumecolor饱和度saturation颜色饱和度color