数字公司---数字化成功的要求、建议和评估(IJITCS-V11-N1-5)

I.J.InformationTechnologyandComputerScience,2019,1,39-49PublishedOnlineJanuary2019inMECS()DOI:10.5815/ijitcs.2019.01.05Copyright©2018MECSI.J.InformationTechnologyandComputerScience,2019,1,39-49DigitalFirm:Requirements,Recommendations,andEvaluationtheSuccessinDigitizationYahyaAl-SamawiComputerScienceDepartment,Al-RaziUniversity,Sana’a,YemenE-mail:[e-mail]:20August2018;Accepted:22September2018;Published:08January2019Abstract—OneofthemostattractivegoalsforthecontemporarycompaniesistobecalledaDigitalFirm.Achievingthisgoalmeansforthecompany,university,school,factoryorhospitalthatitisoneofthemostmodernanddevelopedintheworld.Toachievesuchanattractivegoal,firmshavetofulfillsomerequirements.Inthisresearchpaper,authorintroducesmanyimportantideasaboutthecharacteristicsthatthedigitalfirmhastohavetodeservetobecalleddigital.ThosecharacteristicsarefollowedbysomerecommendationsaboutIT-toolsthatthefirmcanusetocomplywithaspecificcharacteristic.Moreover,authorintroducessomequestionsthathavetobeansweredtojudgecorrectlyabouttheleveloffirm’sdigitalizationthatwillhelpevaluatingthefirm’ssuccessindigitization.ThisresearchisuniquebecauseitdrawsattentionofthedevelopersofthecontemporaryInformationSystems(IS)tosomeaspectsthatareusuallynottakenintoconsiderationsuchasthebestcharacteristicsoftheelementsoftheworkplacethatisappropriatefortheuseofITtoolstohelptheusersmakelessmistakesandgivestheuseoforiginalsoftwaretheimportancethatitdeserves.Inaddition,itisimportantformanyresearchersnowadayswhocareaboutstudyingthecontemporaryISandtheirusageinthecontemporaryfirmstohaveknowledgeaboutthemainelementsofISthattakeintoconsiderationallaspectsoftheHardware,Software,workplaceconditionsandlaws.IndexTerms—DigitalFirm,InformationSystems,InformationTechnology,ITtools,Digitization.I.INTRODUCTIONThereisnodoubtthatInformationTechnology(IT)becameanessentialpartofthecontemporaryorganizations.Managersofthemoderncompaniesunderstandmoreandmoretheimportanceofusingnewtechnologiestohelpachievingbusinessgoalsinthebestway.OrganizationsenteredundeclaredcompetitiontousethenewestITtoolsandtechniquestoachievecompetitiveadvantages.Asaproof,theleaderoftheITresearchesintheGartnercompanyexpectedthattheworldwideITspendingwilltouch$3.5trillionin2017[1].ThatledtotheemergenceofthetermtheDigitalFirm(DF).ThetermDFmeansinasimplewaythatthecompanyrunsitsbusinesstotallywiththehelpofITtools.But,howmanagersandresearcherscanjudgeaboutthecompanythatitdeservestobecalleddigital?Whatthecompanyhastodotobecomedigital?InthisresearchauthorgivesanswerstothosequestionsgivingthemanagersofthecontemporaryfirmsandITprofessionalsaproposalwhichcontainsguidelinesaboutwhattheycandointheirfirmsorITprojectstomakethefirmdigital.Theproposalconsistsof13requirementswhichhavetobetakenintoconsiderationbuildingISofthefirm.TheyareaboutelementsoftheITinfrastructurethathavetobeprovided(hardwareandSoftware)andtheenvironmentofthecomputer’sworkplacecombinedwithrulesthathavetobefollowedbuildingISaccordingtoethicsandlawsrelatedtoIT.TheauthoralsogivesrecommendationstohelpISdevelopersfulfilthoserequirementsincludingbetterITtoolstofulfilbasictasksinthemodernfirmsandrecommendationsaboutbestcharacteristicsofcomputer’sworkplace.Theresearcharticleisconcludedwithaproposalofmeasurementstotestfirm’sachievementsinitswaytobedigitalbasedonproposedrequirements.Thegoalofthisresearchistoprovidemanagersofthecontemporaryfirms,ITprofessionals,ISdevelopersandresearcherswithguidelinesaboutthemaincomponentsofthecontemporaryISbasedonthecontemporarystudiesinthefieldofISdevelopmentandneeds.ThoseguidelinesareintroducedasrequirementsthathavetobefulfilledbythecontemporaryIStohelpthefirmdoingbusinessbettertogetcompetitiveadvantage.Aftertheintroductiontheresearchisdividedinto9sections.Inthenextsecondsectionintroducestherelatedtotheresearchworks.ThethirdsectionprovidesthereaderwithadefinitionofthetermDFandexplainswhyitisimportantforthecontemporaryfirmstodotheirbesttobedigitalanduseITtoolseverywhereinthefirm.Theforthsectioncontainsexplanationsforthemaincharacteristicsprovidedbytheauthorof[2]andwhythosecharacteristicsneedmoredecompositionandadditionofmorecharacteristicstodescribeDFbetterinthelightofthecontemporarystudiesofITandhuman-computerinteraction.ThefifthsectionintroducestheproposedrequirementsoftheDF.Thesixthsectionoffersrecommendationstobetterfulfilproposedrequirements.Theseventhsectionprovidestheresearchersandevaluatorswithproposalabouthowtoevaluatethe40DigitalFirm:Requirements,Recommendations,andEvaluationtheSuccessinDigitizationCopyright©2018MECSI.J.InformationTechnologyandComputerScience,2019,1,39-49contemporaryfirm’ssuccessindigitizationusingquestionersandinvestigatingfirmsISbyaresearcheroranevaluator.Theeighthsectionhadtointroduceacasestudyasanexperimenttoshowhowtheproposedrequirementsandevaluationprocesscanhelpevaluatingthefirm’ssuccessindigitizationbutinsteaditcontainsanexplanationaboutwhythereisnoexperimentsbecauseofthedifficultsituationcausedbywarinthecountryoftheauthor.Intheconclusionsectionth