新目标人教版八年级英语下册unit3全单元知识点总结归纳及练习

11Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?SectionA重点短语gooutfordinner出去吃饭stayoutlate在外面待到很晚gotothemovies去看电影getaride搭车workon从事finishdoingsth.完成做某事cleanandtidy干净整洁dothedishes洗餐具takeouttherubbish倒垃圾foldyour/theclothes叠衣服sweepthefloor扫地makeyour/thebed整理床铺cleanthelivingroom打扫客厅noproblem没问题welcomesb.欢迎某人comehomefromschool/work放学/下班回家throwdown扔下sitdown坐下comeover过来takesb.forawalk带某人去散步allthetime一直;总是allday/evening整曰/夜dohousework做家务shoutback大声回应walkaway走开.sharethehousework分担家务acomfortablehome一个舒适的家insurprise惊讶地getsomethingtodrink拿点喝的东西watchoneshow观看一个节目hangout闲逛passsb.sth.把某物传给某人lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人getsth.wet使某物弄湿hatetodosth.讨厌做某事dochores做杂务helpsb.(to)do/withsth帮助某人干某事bringatent带顶帐篷来buysomesnacks买些小吃gotothestore去商店invitesb.toaparty邀请某人参加聚会makesb.dosth.使某人做某事enoughstress足够的压力wasteoftime浪费时间inorderto为了getgoodgrades取得好成绩minddoingsth.介意做某事dependon依赖;依靠developchildren’sindependence发展孩子的独立性lookafter/takecareof照顾；照看doone’spartin(doing)sth.做某人分内的事二、重点句型1.Couldyouplease…..dosth.?22Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?你能整理一下你的房间吗？2.Ihavetodosomework.我必须干些活。3.CouldI+dosth.?CouldIuseyourcomputer?我可以用一下你的电脑吗？4.Shewon’tbehappyifsheseesthismess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。5.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。6.MymomcameoverassoonasIsatdowninfrontoftheTV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。7.hate+(todo/doing)sth.Ihatetodochores.1.Peter,couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？【解析1】Couldyoupleasedosth?请你（做）......好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry,Ican’t【解析2】takeout取出（v+adv）【注】:跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边【短语】takeoutthetrash倒垃圾takeawalk散步takeaway拿走，取走takeback收回takeplace发生takeoff脱下；起飞Thegiftisinthebox.Youcantakeitout.2.Canyoudothedishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？dothedishes洗碗【结构1】dothe+名词：dothedishes/laundry洗餐具/衣服【结构2】dothe+动词-ingdothecleaning打扫卫生【结构3】doone’s+名词doone’shousework/homework做家务/家庭作业【结构4】dosome+动词-ingdosomereading/shopping读写书/购物3.CouldIatleastfinishwatchingthisshow?至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？【解析1】CouldIdoasth?我可以做......吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。CouldIgooutwithmyclassmatethisweekend?【解析2】atleast至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)atmost至少，不超过【解析3】finishv结束；完成finishdoingsth做完某事334.IthinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。【解析1】twohoursofTV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。Howtimeisflies!Threeyears_______(be)reallyashorttime.足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）【解析2】enoughIdon’thaveenoughmoneywithme.足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后）Theriverisdeepenoughforswimming.【记】Mr.Smithhasenoughmoney,butheisn’tkindenoughtohelpothers.【注意】enough修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。5.Couldyoutakeouttherubbish,foldtheclothesanddothedishes?你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？【解析】takeout拿出；取出take的用法：Pleasetakesomebookstotheclassroom.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.takeTheyusuallytakethebustowork.Ittakesmetwohourstodomyhomeworkeveryday.【拓展】take构成的短语：takeawalk去散步takearest休息takecareof照顾takeoff脱下；起飞takeup占据takedown拿下takeone’stime不急；慢慢来takeone’stemperature量体温6.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。【解析1】theminute=assoonas“一......就......”Pleasewritetometheminuteyougetthere.【解析2】infrontof指在物体外部的前面作副词作形容词拿；取吃；喝；服用乘（车；船等）花费（时间；金钱）infrontof44Thereisabikeinfrontoftheclassroom.【辨析】指在物体内部的前面Ourteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom【记】Thedriversat________________thecar.Thepolicemanstood___________thecar.【注意】有the无the区别大：attable吃饭；进餐atthetabel在桌边inhospital住院inthehospital在医院（不一定看病）【解析3】comeover过来【拓展】come短语：comeacross（偶然）发现comeback回来comeupwith想出cometrue实现comedown下来comefrom=befrom来自,出生于comein/into进入,进来comeon赶快,加油comealong走吧,过来,快点comeandgo来来去去comeup上来comeout出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来7.YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！【解析】allthetime=always一直；总是【拓展】与time相关的短语：ontime按时intime及时atthesametime同时formtimetotime偶尔thefirsttime第一次attimes有时timeandtimeagain一再；经常lasttime上次nexttime下次8.I’mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一样累！【解析】as...as...和......一样......【注】比较级倍数表达句型为：倍数+as+形容词、副词原级+as+比较对象【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。题干主语中心词为介词短语aswellas之前的musician，故谓语使用单数9.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。inthefrontof55【解析】neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语“某人（主语）也不”⑴neither两者都不neither…nor…既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定NeitherTomnorJimisastudent⑵表达“…也不……”则用“Neither/Nor+be/V助/V情+主”10.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】find+宾语+宾语补足语【注】find→found→foundv寻找(1)findsb.doingsth发现某人做某事(2)findit+adj.+todosth发现做某事很……◆finditdifficult/hardtodosth发现做某事很困难11.Sheaskedinsurprise.她吃惊地问道。【解析】insurprise惊奇地；吃惊地surprisev使吃惊→surprisingadj.令人吃惊的→surprisedadj.吃惊的toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是insurprise吃惊地besurprisedat对……感到吃惊12.“I’mdosorry,Mom.Ifinishunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehome.”Ireplied.“对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。”我回答说。【解析1】needv需要用于肯定句，是实义动词。(1)人做主语，sb.needtodosth某人需要做某事(2)物做主语，sthneeddoingsth=sthneedtobedone用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词(1)needn’t=don’thaveto没有必要(2)need,must引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn’t—MustIgotherenow?—Yes，youmust/No,youneedn’tsharesth分享或共用某物sharesthwithsb.与某人分享某物13.CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？【解析】hangout闲逛hangup把......悬挂/挂起14.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?你能把盐