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高考英语试题精讲(一)例题(1):Fatherwenttohisdoctorfor________abouthishearttrouble.A.anadviceB.adviceC.advicesD.theadvices答案:B1.解析:advice为不可数名词,它没有复数形式,不可以在其后加s,也不能在它前面用不定冠词,因此不能选A、C、D。做此题的关键是判断advice是可数名词还是不可数名词,并掌握这两类名词的不同特性。2.补充说明:名词分为可数名词与不可数名词,常考易错的不可数名词有:news,information,weather,advice,progress,work,homework,population,water和oil等。(2)注意以下名词的数:clothes,trousers,glasses,goods,crops是复数,但asuitofclothes,apairoftrousers应视为单数。police,people视为复数。family,class单复数均可,但含义不同。以下几个词,单复数的意义有较大的区别:work---works(工厂、著作)good---goods(货物)sand---sands(沙滩)brain---brains(智力、脑力)force---forces(军队)glass---glasses(眼镜)thing---things(情况)几个名词的复数形式sheep(sheep)deer(deer)child(children)girlstudent(girlstudents)womanteacher(womenteachers)brother-in-law(brothers-in-law)3.补充练习1.The____yousawlastmonthcomeouteverymorning.A.cowB.dogC.deerD.horse答案:C。原句谓语动词为come,所以主语应为复数名词,而A、B、C、D中只有deer是单复数同形的词。2.____isneededincoldcountries.A.AlotofclothesB.MuchclothingC.ManyclothD.Lotsofclothes答案:B。clothing是不可数名词,而clothes是复数名词,其后动词应用are,cloth意为布料,不可数,不用many。例题(2)Miss.Smithisafriendof____.A.Mary'smother'sB.MarymotherC.Mother'sofMaryD.Marymother's答案:A1.解析:答案A的意思为玛丽的妈妈的一个朋友,这种现象称为双重所有格。又如:astudentofmyfather's,我父亲的一个学生。Marymother这种说法是中国式的,不妥。做此题的关键是掌握好英语名词中的所有格。无生命东西,常用of,如:thedesksofourschool。有生命的东西常用's,如:Tom'sbook,teacher'soffice等。2.补充说明:A.不以s或es结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍加'swomen'steamchildren'sbooksB.指时间、距离、国家等无生命的名词,也可加's构成所有格,如:today'spapertenminutes'rideChina'scapitalC.易混名词的辨析aphotoofJohn____aphotoofJohn'stheteacher'soffice____theteachers'officetravel,trip,journey,tourincident,accidentsound,voice,noisenumber,amountweather,dayfamily,house,home3.补充练习:1).Ibought____saltatthatshop.A.twentypoundsB.twentypound'sC.twentypounds'D.twentypoundof答案C。简单说明2).Tommadea____tothenorthwestofChinalastyear.A.travelB.journeyC.visitD.stay答案B。简单说明例题(3)Aliceisfondofplaying____pianowhileHenryisinterestedinlisteningto____music.A./,theB./,/C.the,/D.the,the答案:C。解析:此题考查冠词的使用。在乐器名称前应加定冠词the,而音乐在非特指的情况下,不能加the,因此选C。做此题的关键是掌握好何时应该加定冠词,何时不能用冠词。补充说明:关于名词前加定冠词的12种情况1)特指的东西2)再次提到的3)虽然是第一次提到,但说话双方心里都明白的如:Openthedoor,please.4)江、河、湖、海、山脉的名称如:thePacific5)太阳、月亮、地球等6)乐器名称7)形容词最高级前8)序数词前9)专有名词词组如:thePeople'sRepublicofChina10)the+形容词构成一类人如:therich,thepoor11)the+数字,表示年代如:inthesixties12)固定用法如:inthemorning,gotothecinema补充练习:1.----Where'sJack?----Ithinkhe'sstillin____bed,buthemightjustbein____bathroom.A./,/B.the,theC.the,/D./,the答案:D。简略解释:inbed与inthebed2.Papermoneywasin____useinChinawhenMarcoPolovisitedthecountryin____thirteenthcentury.A.the,/B.the,theC./,theD./,/答案:C。简略解释:inuse例题(4)Manypeoplearestillin____habitofwritingsillythingsin____publicplaces.A.the,theB./,/C.the,/D./,the答案:C。1.解析:此题考查冠词的使用,一般说来,特指某个东西,应用定冠词the,非特指的复数名词应不用冠词。此题中habit是特指乱写乱画的习惯,应该用the,而公众场所则是泛指的,不能用the。英语中不用冠词的几种情况值得注意。2.补充说明:不用冠词的8种情况非特指的复数名词如:Wearestudents.球类、三餐名称前如:Ilikefootball.Ihavesupperat7.专有名词前如:IloveChina.非特指的物质名词,抽象名词如:water,homework节日、假日名称前如:atChristmas名词前已有所有格修饰或有代词时如:thisbook,myson固定用法如:atnight,arminarm3、补充练习1.Whenheworkedin____town,heearnedalot.A.theB.anC./D.one答案:C。解释:gototown,gotothecity2.Theyare____teacherswhileweare____students.A.the,theB./,/C.the,/D./,the答案:B。解释:非特指,不用冠词例题(5)____discoverediron,whichis____usefulmetal.A.Theman,aB.Man,aC.Man,anD.Theman,an答案:B。解析:英语中有些情况用冠词或不用冠词,用the或a均可,但意思差别较大,应注意。此题的man,如前面无冠词,指人类,如加上the则特指那个人,显然铁不是某个人一人发现的,应用man,另外,useful的第一个读音的音素为[j]是辅音,应用a。补充说明:掌握以下冠词使用中的一些特殊用法,尤其是因为冠词的出现而产生的差别。(1)anumberof---thenumberof(2)infrontof---inthefrontof(3)theworkersofthefactory---workersofthefactory(4)threeofus---thethreeofus(5)bybus---onthebus(6)atschool---attheschool(7)nextweek---thenextweek(8)foramoment---forthemoment(9)morethanayear---morethanoneyear(10)lastweek---forthelastweek补充练习:____numberofstudentsareplayingfootball.A.TheB.AC.LargeD.Small答案:B。简略分析Ihavebeenverybusy____.A.lastweekB.inthelastweekC.forlastweekD.thelastweek答案:B。简略分析
本文标题:高考英语试题精讲(一)
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