高三英语虚拟语气

高三英语虚拟语气虚拟语气的重点是：一、if条件句虚拟语气1.结构1)Ifplaces______alike,therewouldbelittleneedforgeographers.A.beingB.areC.beD.were2)IfI_____themeaningoftheword,Iwouldn'thavetolookitup.A.knowB.knewC.knownD.knowing与现在事实相反的假设a)IfIwereinyourposition,Iwouldaccepttheiroffer.b)IfJohnhadenoughmoney,hecouldgooutoftheU.S.c)IfJohncameherenow,hewouldhelpme.Iftheyhadbeenhere,hewouldhavebeenspeakingtothem.Ifshewerestayingherenow,Iwouldletherridemyhorse.a)如果我处于你的位置，我就接受他们的建议。b)如果约翰有足够的钱，他就会离开美国。c)如果约翰到这儿来，他就会帮助我与过去事实相反的假设a)IfIhadknownyouraddress,Iwouldhavewrittentoyou.b)IfI'dhadanysense,Iwouldhavekeptquietaboutit.c)Ifshehadbeentherethatnight,shemighthavebeeninjured.a)假如我知道你的地址，我早就写信给你了。b)如果当时我有点理智的话，我就会对这事保持沉默。c)要是她那天晚上在场的话，她也许就受伤了。对将来不可能实现、或实现可能性很小的假设a)Ifthesunweretoriseinthewest,Iwouldfollowyou.b)Ifheshouldcometomorrow,wewouldbegreatlysurprised.c)IcouldseethesurfaceofthemoonifIweretogotothemoonsomeday.a)假如太阳从西边升起，我就听你的。b)要是他明天来了，我们会大感惊讶。c)要是有一天我上了月球，我就能看看月球的表面是什么样子。2.倒装关于倒装句式:在非真实条件句中，如果条件句中有助动词be,had,should等，连接词if可以省略，如：1)ShouldIcomelatetomorrow,youcouldasksomeoneelsetotakemyplace.2)Shouldanythinggowrongwiththisdevice,youshouldgoandcheckwiththelocaldealer.3)Hadyoubeenhereaminutelate,youwouldhavecaughthimcheatinginthetest.4)Hadweaskedhimasecondtime,wewouldsurehavehadhisadvice.5)WereItoattendthemeetinginShanghai,Iwouldflytheretomorrow.6)Weretheyinourplace,theywouldhaveatotallydifferentopinionofthesituation.1)Thewholeschoolwouldnothavehadthatsillyideaofthesocalledinventionhadtheynoticedthedateoftheinventionissued:April1st.2)IwouldhavetakenwhatyousaidforgrantedhadInotbeentotheplacemyself.3)YouwouldgetdoublepaidwereItoaskyouforadditionalservice.4)Wewouldcancelthetripweretheweathertoberainy.5)Goandcheckwiththelocaldealershouldtherecordernotworkproperly.6)Iwouldhavetochangemyplanshouldanythingwronghappens.3.错综时间条件句有时主句和从句的谓语动词指不同的时间，这时需要用混合虚拟语气。一般来说，在这种情况下，主从句谓语动词指代的时间不同，所以我们又可以错综时间条件句，在这种虚拟情况，动词形式应根据实际情况灵活使用，在做这些题目时候尤其要注意每道题目的提示语：时间状语。绝大多数情况下，从句或者主句都有相关的时间状语，这是我解题的关键。Ifyouthatmovielatelastnight,youwouldn’tbesosleepy.A.haven’twatchedB.didn’twatchC.hadn’twatchedD.wouldn’thavewatched答案选C。Manydeadwouldnowbealiveiftheyhadnotattemptedtoreturnforsomething.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,hewouldbeourchairmannow.Ifyouhadtakenthedoctor’sadvice,youwouldbeoknow.Iftheyhadstartedtheearlymorningyesterday,theywouldbeherenow.IfIwerenottomakeapreparationformyexperimentthisafternoon,Iwouldhavegonetoseethefilmwithyoulastnight.Ifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparations,weshouldn'tdaretodotheexperimentnextweek.Ifweshouldn'thaveanexamthisafternoon,Iwouldgoshoppingnow.Ifyouhadtakenthemedicineyesterday,youmightbewellnow.IfwehadhadmoreraininJune,wewouldhaveabetterharvestnow.IfIhadtakenmyadvice,hewouldbeascientistnow.如果你昨天吃了药,你的病今天也许会好的.如果六月份雨水多的话,我们现在也许会有好一点的收成.如果当时他听了我的劝告,现在他应该是个科学家了.4.含蓄虚拟语气含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：(1)介词或介词短语，如butfor,butthat,without,incaseof,undermorefavorablecondition,intheabsenceof等。Withoutair,nothingcouldlive.Butforyourassistance,wecouldnotaccomplishit.Intheabsenceofwaterandair,nothingcouldlive.__theleadershipoftheparty,wecouldnotbelivingahappydaytoday.=Iftherehadn’tbeentheleadershipoftheparty,wecouldnotbelivingahappydaytoday.A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor答案选B。Butthatshewasafraid,shewouldhavesaidno.(2)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but,otherwise,unfortunately等类似转折词。Iwouldhavelentyousomemoney,butIhappenednottotakeanywithme.Wedidn'tknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewe__________him.A.wouldhavetelephonedB.wouldtelephoneC.musthavetelephonedD.hadtelephoned(3)形容词及其比较级Amorecarefulpersonwouldnothavemadesomanymistakes.Alessconscientiousmanwouldn’thavetriedsohardtogetthisjobdone.(4)分词短语Havingknownintime,wemighthavepreventedtheaccident.Borntendaysearlier,theboycouldhaveseenhislatefather.(5)名词短语和名词+and结构Ajudiciousmanwouldnothavecommittedsuicide.Adiligentstudentwouldhaveworkedharder.Tenminutesearlierandwewouldhavecaughtthebus.(6)定语从句Anyonewhohadbeeninyourpositionwouldhavedonethesame.Anation,whichstoppedworking,wouldbedeadinafortnight.(7)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气：Ishouldhavecalledtomakeanairlinereservation,butIdidn’t.Theporteroughttohavecalledthefire-brigadeassoonashesawthefireinthestock,whichwentupinsmoke.二、其它结构虚拟语气1.由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气A．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。B．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would,could,might+动词原形。C．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could,would+have+动词过去分词。Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath;IwishIhadnotgonetoit.---“IletJoeborrowourradiofortheafternoon.”---“That’sallright,butIwishhewouldbuyoneofhisown.”Iwishthatheweren’tsolazy.Iwishitwerespringinmyhometownalltheyeararound.IwishIhadn'twastedsomuchtime.Iwishyouwouldappreciatemywork.Iwishyouhadcalledearlier.Iwishshewouldchangehermind.Hewillwishwewouldjoinhimthefollowingweek.IwishI______longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.AA.couldhavesleptB.sleptC.mighthavesleptD.haveslept特殊形式的虚拟语气虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，其虚拟语气的构成往往是由should(可省略)+动词原形that从句。A、用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的that宾语从句