Maslows-hierarchy-of-needs

Maslow'shierarchyofneedsAbrahamHaroldMaslowApril1,1908–June8,1970AmericanpsychologistBekownforHierarchyofneedsThepyramidofMaslow'shierarchyofneedsPhysiological(生理的)needsPhysicalrequirementsforhumansurvivalmostimportantSafetyneedsSafetyandSecurityneedsinclude:•Personalsecurity•Financialsecurity•HealthandHappiness•Safetynetagainstaccidents/illnessandtheiradverse(不利)impactsLoveandbelonginginterpersonal(人际的)involvefeelingsofbelongingness(归属感)Loveandbelongingsignificantrelationshipsingeneral：•Friendship•Intimacy(亲密关系)•FamilyEsteem(尊重)Desire(欲望；要求)tobeacceptedandvaluedbyothersAllhumanshaveaneedtofeelrespectedEsteem(尊重)TwoversionswhichMaslownoted:•a'lower'version•a'higher'versionDeprivation(剥夺;损失)oftheseneedsmayleadtoaninferiority(自卑),weakness,andhelplessnessSelf-actualization(自我实现)Thedesiretoaccomplish(完成；实现)everythingThislevelofneedrefers(参考)towhataperson'sfullpotential(潜能)isandtherealizationofthatpotentialSelf-transcendence(自我超越)Thetoppointofthepyramidreferstowhenapersonseekstofurthertheboundariesoftheiridealself,toexperienceanintimacy(亲密)beyondone'sselfHierarchyisstillresearchingWhataboutknow?Criticisms(批评；评论)WahbaandBrudwellTheystandatthedifferentsidewhichcaresabouttheemotion(情感)andhumanitymoreCriticizedasbeingethnocentric(种族优越感的；民族中心主义的)ThemostacceptantopinionChangestothehierarchybycircumstance(情景；环境)Maslow'shierarchymaybelimitedasatheoryfordevelopmentalsequence(排列)sincethesequenceoftheloveneedandtheself-esteemneedshouldbereversedaccordingtoage,nationandculture.ScienceisdevelopingNow...It'sourtime!ThankYou!