2017-2018学年高中英语-Unit-3-The-world-of-colours-and-li

SectionⅣGrammar&Writing语法图解探究发现①HereweareinLondonatlast!②AuntreallyenjoyedFranceandsodidgrandmaandI.③Itwasalotoffunbecauseinthedormitorywerelotsofpeoplefromdifferentplaces.④Hardlyhadweleftthedormitorythenextmorningwhenwerealizedwehadleftourmapintheroom.⑤Mayourfriendshipliveforever!⑥OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.⑦HadIbeeninformedearlier,Icouldhavedonesomething.⑧Soeasyisitthatachildcanlearnit.⑨Youngasheis,heknowsalot.○10Theregoesthebell.[我的发现](1)完全倒装是全部移到主语前(主语是代词时例外)；部分倒装是只将谓语动词的一部分(如be动词、助动词或情态动词)放在主语前面，其余部分仍然在主语之后。上面例句中，句______是完全倒装；句是部分倒装。(2)因为主语是，故句①不使用倒装。(3)only修饰且位于句首时，句子用倒装结构。(4)as表示“”时，引导的状语从句用，这时as可用though代替。谓语动词③⑩②④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨代词状语虽然，尽管倒装结构一、完全倒装完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词完全置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。1．here,there,out,up,down,away,now,then等副词置于句首，谓语动词为be,come,go,live,run,stand等时，且主语是名词时应用完全倒装。Hereistheaddressofyourhotel.这里就是你宾馆的位置。Awaywenttheboytotheschool!那个男孩到学校里去了！[名师点津]若主语是代词，则主谓不倒装。Herehecomes.他来了。[即时演练1](1)完成句子(江苏高考改编)—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet...Look,(那儿来了)therestofourguests!(2)单句改错①Thereareabookandapenonthetable.②Therestandsourteacherwhenwewerechatting.__________________________therecomeare→isstands→stood或were→are2．当句首的状语为表示地点、时间、方向的副词或介词短语，且主语为名词时，应用全部倒装。Atthefrontofthehallsattheheadmaster.校长坐在大厅的前面。Onthewallhangtwolargepictures.墙上挂着两幅巨大的图画。[即时演练2]句型转换①Atalltreestandsbetweenthetwobuildings.→Betweenthetwobuildings.②Thesoundofmusiccamefromthewindow.→Fromthewindow.3．作表语的形容词、分词、介词短语、such置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语＋be＋主语”。(1)形容词＋be＋主语PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授以及许多其他的客人。standsatalltreecamethesoundofmusic(2)分词＋be＋主语Gonearethedayswhentheywilldowhattheylike.他们可以随心所欲的日子过去了。Growingalloverthemountainarewildflowers.漫山遍野长满了野花。(3)介词短语＋be＋主语AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.这些商品里有圣诞树、花、蜡烛和玩具。(4)such(这样的人或物)＋be＋主语Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.这就是他给我讲的故事。[即时演练3](1)用be动词的适当形式填空①Suchwhathehasfound,apurse,twobooksandsomefood.②Suchhe,adevotedandkindman.(2)用倒装结构翻译句子①树下是一位老人和一群孩子。②山上有很多漂亮的鲜花。③刘老师出席了会议，他教我们英语。areisUnderthetreeareanoldmanandagroupofchildren.Onthehillsaresomebeautifulflowers.PresentatthemeetingwasMrLiu,whotaughtusEnglish.二、部分倒装只把谓语的一部分(多为情态动词或助动词)置于主语之前的句子，为部分倒装。1．疑问句中，将助动词(或情态动词)置于主语之前，构成语法倒装。HaveyouvisitedvanGogh'sbirthplace?你游览过凡·高的出生地吗？Whatfeelingsdoesthepainterwanttoexpressthroughtheuseofcolours,lightandshade?通过色彩、光线和阴影的运用，画家想表达什么样的感情？2．句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,undernocircumstances,notuntil...等时，句子采用部分倒装。Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.无论在哪里你也不会找到这个问题的答案。Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.母亲一直到孩子入睡后才离开房间。3．在句型notonly...butalso,hardly/scarcely...when,nosooner...than等中，若否定词放在句首，则要使用部分倒装。Nosoonerhadthepainterreachedhisbirthplacethanhewasofftothepond.这位画家一到达他的出生地就去了池塘。Hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhenhisfatherstoppedhim.他刚开口发言就被父亲制止了。Notonlydidhemakeapromise,butalsohekeptit.他不仅许诺了，也坚守了承诺。4．so,neither,nor开头的句子用这些词表示“也”“也不”时，句子要部分倒装。TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。Ifyoudon'tagree,neitherwillI.如果你不同意，我也不同意。[即时演练4](1)单句语法填空①(2016·江苏高考改编)Notuntilrecentlytheyencouragethedevelopmentoftourist­relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.②onlydothenurseswantapayincrease,theywantreducedhoursaswell.③(陕西高考改编)NosoonerMoYansteppedonthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.didNothad(2)句型转换①Hewenttothecinemayesterday.→tothecinemayesterday?②Wecangiveuphalfwayundernocircumstances.→Undernocircumstancesgiveuphalfway.③Hedidn'trealizethathehadwastedtoomuchofhistimeuntilhefailedasecondtime.→Notuntilhefailedasecondtimethathehadwastedtoomuchofhistime.④Iwillnevercomebacktotheplace.→comebacktotheplace.DidhegocanwedidherealizeNeverwillI(3)一句多译我一进房间，电话铃就响了。①(nosooner...than)②____________________________________________________(hardly...when)5．“only＋状语”在句首时，要使用部分倒装。Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.叫了三次后，他才来参加会议。NosoonerhadIenteredtheroomthanthetelephonerang.HardlyhadIenteredtheroomwhenthetelephonerang.[名师点津]如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。Onlywhenheisseriouslyilldoesheeverstayinbed.病得很重时，他才卧床休息。[即时演练5](1)单句语法填空①(2015·天津高考改编)OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheoffice___sherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.②(湖南高考改编)Onlywhenyoucanfindpeaceinyourheart___youkeepgoodrelationshipswithothers.(2)完成句子①只有这样我们才能按时完成任务。_______________________finishthetaskontime.②只有在他失去这个机会时，他才意识到它的重要性。Onlywhenhelostthechance.didwillOnlyinthiswaycanwedidherealizetheimportanceofit6．as,though引导的倒装句。as/though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前(即将形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。但需注意：(1)句首名词不能带冠词。(2)句首是实义动词，则其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.他工作很努力，但总不能让人满意。[即时演练6](1)单句语法填空①(全国卷改编)Tryshemight,Suecouldn'tgetthedooropen.②Strangeitseems,itistrue.(2)句型转换Althoughheisyoung,heisveryconsideratetoothers.→,heisveryconsideratetoothers.as/thoughas/thoughYoungas/thoughheis7．so/such...that句型中的so/such位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.他说话的声音很大，隔壁屋的人都能听见。SuchalovelytoydidhebuymethatIwasverythankfultohim.他给我买了这么可爱的一个玩具，我非常感激他。[即时演练7](1)单句语法填空①SoclearlyhespeakEnglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood.②S