中考英语复习---主谓一致和倒装结构

2021/3/23Lilyastudent.LilyTomisLilyandTomstudents.areBothLilyandTomstudents.are2021/3/23Thegirlintheswimmingpool.swimsTheboyandthegirlintheswimmingpool.swim2021/3/23什么是主谓一致？谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语一致语法一致原则主谓一致2021/3/23语法一致原则Heisthetalleststudentinhisclass.Ittakesher2hourstofinishherhomework.主语是单数，谓语动词为单数be→is/was行为动词→三单2021/3/23Theyarelookingforwardtovisitingthemuseum.TomandMikegotoschooltogether.主语为复数，谓语动词用复数be→are/were行为动词用原形2021/3/23BothheandIareright.Mr.BlackandMrs.BlackhaveasoncalledTom.and/both...and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数Histeacherandfriendisabeautifulgirl.他的老师也是他的朋友Thepoetandwriterhascome.这个人既是作者也是诗人并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数2021/3/23Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.Eachmanandeachwomanisaskedtohelp.Iseverybodyready?Somebodyisusingthephone.由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each,every修饰时其谓语动词要用单数形式由each,some,any,no,every构成的复合代词作主语时谓语动词都用单数2021/3/23主语是单数时，不受but,except,besides,with等介词短语影响Theteacherwithhisstudentsisgoingtovisitthemuseum.Nobodybuttwoboyswaslateforclass.Breadandbutterisadailyfoodinthewest.2021/3/23一些只有复数形式的名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数Alotofpeoplearedancingoutside.Thepolicearelookingforlostboy.people/police/cattle/clothes2021/3/23glasses/shoes/trousers/chopsticks/scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数Wherearemyshoes?Ican'tfindthem.Yourtrousersaredirty.You'dbetterchangethem.Mynewpairofsocksisonthebed.谓语动词单复数取决于pair2021/3/23表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数Twentyyearsisnotalongtime.Tendollarsistoocheap.有些集合名词作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数Myfamilyisbigone.MyfamilyarewatchingTV.我有一个大家庭我的家人正在看电视2021/3/23不定代词由all,most,more,some,any,none作主语时谓语动词单复数由代词的意义决定Alloftheworkhasbeenfinished.Allofthepeoplehavegone.“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的词组作主语时，其谓语动词要以of后面的名词而定Itissaidthat35percentofthedoctorsarewomen.Three–fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea.2021/3/23由what引导地主于从句作主语时，通常谓语动词用单数形式Whatshesaidiscorrect.如果所指内容为复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式Whatsheleftmeareafewoldbooks.2021/3/23EitheryouorIamright.Neitherthechildrennortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit.Therearetwoapplesandoneegginit.HeaswellasIisresponsibleforit.Hereisaletterandsomebooksforyou.就近原则there-be句型here开头的句子2021/3/231._____(be)everythingOK?2.Nobody_______(know)theanswertothequestion.3.Tendividedbytwo_______(be)five.4.Mostofthedrinkingwater______(be)fromtheBlackRiver.5.NotonlyshebutalsoI_______(do)morningexerciseseveryday.2021/3/236.Eitheryouorshe_____(have)madeawrongdecision.7.Thefamily_____(be)spendingtheweekendtogether.8.Breadandbutter______(be)herdailybreakfast.9.Thepolice_____(be)tryingtocatchthethief.10.Thenumberofpeopleinvited_____fifty,butanumberofthem____absentfordifferentreasons.2021/3/23全部倒装部分倒装把所有谓语动词放到主语之前把部分谓语动词放到主语之前目的：强调某种成分2021/3/23全部倒装Herecomesthebus.Therewentthebell.Thencamethechairman.heretherenowthen位于句首2021/3/23表示方位的介词或介词短语放在句首Onthetopofthemountainstandsaschool.Intheforestliesalake.Awayhewent.当句子主语是人称代词时不倒装2021/3/23little/few/no/not/hardly/seldom/never放在句首Iwillneverforgettheexperience.NeverwillIforgettheexperience.试一试Icanhardlyfinishthehomework.2021/3/23Irealizedthetruthonlythen.→OnlythenIrealizedthetruth.OnlythenIrealizethetruth.Only放在句首时Xdid请助动词do帮忙练一练Irecogizedhimonlywhenmyfriendtoldme.2021/3/23so（也是）/neither/nor（也不）位于句首---TomhaseverbeentotheGreatWall.---SohaveI.（我也没去过）---Idon'tknowtheanswer.---Neither/Nordoeshe.（他也不知道）若对所说内容表示肯定，则不需要倒装---Heisreallyhard-working.---Soheis.（他的确如此）2021/3/23NeitherdoIknowhername,nordoeshe.Nomatterhowbusyheis,healwayscomestohelpus.表示祝愿的句子Mayyousucceed!LonglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina!前倒后也倒前后均不倒祝你成功！中华人民共和国万岁！2021/3/23Notnoly...butalso...不仅...而且...Notonlydidheknowthetruthbutalsohetoldeveryonewhatheknew.Notuntil...直到...才Notuntilitwas10pmdidhismothergotobed.前倒后不倒后倒前不倒2021/3/23as“尽管”，放在句首Childasheis,heknowsalot.Hardasshetried,shenevergotgoodgrades.so...that.../such...that...（如此...以至于...）位于句首Soangrywashethathehadafightwiththeman.Suchasuccesswasthedisplaythatthecopanymadealotofmoneyfromit.2021/3/231.Look,________.A.herethebuscomesB.hereisthebusconingC.herecomesthebusD.herethebusiscoming2.—WhereisKate?—Look，_______,sheisattheschoolgate.A.theresheisB.thereissheC.hereyouareD.hereitis3.Whichofthefollowingsentencesiscorrect?A.IntheteachercameB.IndidcometheteacherC.IndidtheteachercomeD.Incametheteacher4.Out_____,withastickinhishand.A.didherushB.rushedheC.herushedD.hedidrush5._______,heishonest.A.AsheispoorB.PoorisheC.PoorasheisD.Poorasishe2021/3/236.________,heknowsalotofthings.A.AchildasheisB.ChildasheisC.AchildasisheD.Childasishe7.Socarelessly________thathealmostkilledhimself.A.hedrivesB.hedroveC.doeshedriveD.didhedrive8.Earlyintheday____thenews_____theenemyweregone.A.come;thatB.came;thatC.comes;thatD.came;what9.Notonly____tostayathome,buthewasalsoforbiddentoseehisfriends.A.hewasforcingB.hewasforcedC.washeforcingD.washeforced10.Notuntilhisfatherwasoutofprison____toschool.A.canJohngoB.JohncangoC.couldJohngoD.Johncouldgo2021/3/23